A number of modern metaheuristic optimization techniques are being exploited to work out a single-objective economic dispatch (ED) problem. The dispatch problems even become more complicated and complex when they consider operational and system constraints, such as network transmission losses, valve-point loading effects originating due to sequential opening of a number of steam admission valves to meet the ever-increasing demand, ramp rate limits, prohibited operating zones, multiple fuel options, spinning reserve, and so on. The heavy constraints make the otherwise convex linear smooth dispatch problem as highly nonconvex nonlinear nonsmooth one. Finding optimal solution for such kind of a constrained nonlinear problem through the deterministic numerical and convex characteristics-based optimization techniques is a difficult task to accomplish. Researchers have frequently employed one of the metaheuristic optimization techniques with powerful computational ability named particle swarm optimization (PSO) to deal with this rather a complicated and toilsome dispatch problem. In Part I of the two-part paper, a comprehensive review or a survey of PSO and its modified versions (involve alterations in the basic structure of PSO) to resolve the constrained ED problem is presented. Part II covers purely the survey of hybrid forms of PSO (hybridization of PSO with other optimization techniques) to tackle the ED problem. The survey is presented in such a way that readers may understand how PSO can be made computationally more efficient.

Although particle swarm optimization (PSO) in its standard form performs extremely well for less complicated convex optimization problems involving reduced search space, it fails in finding global optimal solutions for more complicated nonconvex optimization problems with multiminima functions, thus exploring the promising search space less efficiently to ensure solution with superior quality. Guaranteeing the location of the global optimum through PSO becomes strenuous. The inherited premature convergence problem of PSO becomes more prominent while handling, especially the complex nonconvex problems. However, PSO has the ability to hybrid with other optimization techniques to ensure optimal global solution, better convergence characteristics, computational efficiency, and so on, while dealing with complex nonconvex problems. After presenting a detailed survey of the variants of PSO (involving variations in the basic structure of PSO) in part I, part II of this paper now comprehensively details all the hybrid forms (purely) of PSO applied to a constrained economic dispatch problem. How PSO overcomes its premature convergence problem while hybridizing with other optimization techniques is well-highlighted.

Renewable energy sources (RESs) are the replacement of fast depleting, environment polluting, costly, and unsustainable fossil fuels. RESs themselves have various issues such as variable supply towards the load during different periods, and mostly they are available at distant locations from load centers. This paper inspects forecasting techniques, employed to predict the RESs availability during different periods and considers the dispatch mechanisms for the supply, extracted from these resources. Firstly, we analyze the application of stochastic distributions especially the Weibull distribution (WD), for forecasting both wind and PV power potential, with and without incorporating neural networks (NN). Secondly, a review of the optimal economic dispatch (OED) of RES using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented. The reviewed techniques will be of great significance for system operators that require to gauge and pre-plan flexibility competence for their power systems to ensure practical and economical operation under high penetration of RESs.

This paper presents the design of a state convergence (SC)-based bilateral controller for a nonlinear teleoperation system, which has been approximated by a Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model. The selection of SC is made due to the advantages offered by this scheme both in the modeling and control design stages. The modeling stage considers master/slave systems, which can be represented by the n th order differential equations, while the control design stage offers an easy way to determine the control gains required for assigning desired closed loop dynamics to teleoperation system. After the master/slave systems are represented by TS fuzzy models, a stabilizing fuzzy law is adopted which allows deploying the SC scheme with all its benefits to design the fuzzy bilateral controller. In this way, not only the simplicity of the design scheme is ensured but also the existing SC scheme is able to control a nonlinear teleoperation system based on its TS fuzzy model description. As an additional advantage, the SC-based existing linear bilateral controller can be easily derived from the SC-based proposed fuzzy bilateral controller. Various cases of master/slave systems originally reported in terms of their linear model representation and communication in the absence/presence of time delay are all discussed in the corresponding fuzzy framework. The MATLAB simulations, considering a one-degree-of-freedom teleoperation system, are performed to validate the proposed methodology for controlling a nonlinear teleoperation system.

Adaptive decayed brain emotional learning (ADBEL) network is recently proposed for the online time series forecasting problems. As opposed to other popular learning networks, such as multilayer perceptron, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, and locally linear neuro-fuzzy model, ADBEL network offers lower computational complexity and fast learning, which make it an ideal candidate for the time series prediction in an online fashion. In fact, these prominent features are inherited from the mechanism employed by the limbic system of the mammalian brain in processing the external stimuli, which also forms the basis of the ADBEL network. This paper aims at further enhancing the forecasting performance of the ADBEL network through its integration with a neo-fuzzy network. The selection of the neo-fuzzy network is made as it offers features required for online prediction in real time environments including simplicity, transparency, accuracy, and lower computational complexity. Furthermore, this integration is only considered in the orbitofrontal cortex section of the ADBEL network and only three membership functions are employed to realize the neo-fuzzy neuron. Thus, the resultant neo-fuzzy integrated ADBEL (NF-ADBEL) network is still simple and can be deployed in online prediction problems. Few chaotic time series namely the Mackey glass, Lorenz, Rossler, and the Disturbance storm time index as well as the Narendra dynamic plant identification problem are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed NF-ADBEL network in terms of the root mean squared error and correlation coefficient criterions using MATLAB^®programming environment.