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Dr. Federica Zaccarini
Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, University of Leoben, Peter Tunner str. 5, A-8700 Leoben, Austria

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0 Geochemistry
0 Mineralogy
0 Ore Minerals
0 ultramafic rocks
0 ophiolite

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Computers & Geosciences
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Many experimental calibration data linking the variation of Raman spectral parameters (i.e., peak position, peak area/intensity ratio …) with the PVX properties of pure gases or mixtures of CO2–CH4–N2 or CH4–H2O–NaCl systems have been published in literature by different laboratories. However, there is a significant discrepancy between these calibrations, leading possibly to inaccurate results when applied in another laboratory. In this paper, the inter-laboratory applicability of the existing calibration data is examined. Universal calibration data based on 78 regression equations and applicable for any Raman apparatus within any laboratory are provided in the form of a calculation program. The FRAnCIs (acronym for Fluids: Raman Analysis of the Composition of Inclusions) Python user-friendly interface facilitates the application of these calibrations as well as to estimate the uncertainty of the measurements.

ACS Style

Van-Hoan Le; Marie-Camille Caumon; Alexandre Tarantola. FRAnCIs calculation program with universal Raman calibration data for the determination of PVX properties of CO2–CH4–N2 and CH4–H2O–NaCl systems and their uncertainties. Computers & Geosciences 2021, 156, 104896 .

AMA Style

Van-Hoan Le, Marie-Camille Caumon, Alexandre Tarantola. FRAnCIs calculation program with universal Raman calibration data for the determination of PVX properties of CO2–CH4–N2 and CH4–H2O–NaCl systems and their uncertainties. Computers & Geosciences. 2021; 156 ():104896.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Van-Hoan Le; Marie-Camille Caumon; Alexandre Tarantola. 2021. "FRAnCIs calculation program with universal Raman calibration data for the determination of PVX properties of CO2–CH4–N2 and CH4–H2O–NaCl systems and their uncertainties." Computers & Geosciences 156, no. : 104896.

Journal article
Published: 22 June 2021 in Minerals
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Trace element distribution and Zr-in-rutile temperature have been investigated in accessory rutile from stratiform (UG2, Merensky Reef, Jacurici), podiform (Loma Peguera), and metamorphic chromitites in cratonic shields (Cedrolina, Nuasahi). Rutile from chromitite has typical finger-print of Cr-V-Nb-W-Zr, whose relative abundance distinguishes magmatic from metamorphic chromitite. In magmatic deposits, rutile precipitates as an intercumulus phase, or forms by exsolution from chromite, between 870 °C and 540 °C. The Cr-V in rutile reflects the composition of chromite, both Nb and Zr are moderately enriched, and W is depleted, except for in Jacurici, where moderate W excess was a result of crustal contamination of the mafic magma. In metamorphic deposits, rutile forms by removal of Ti-Cr-V from chromite during metamorphism between 650 °C and 400 °C, consistent with greenschist-amphibolite facies, and displays variable Cr-Nb, low V-Zr, and anomalous enrichment in W caused by reaction with felsic fluids emanating from granitoid intrusions. All deposits, except Cedrolina, contain Rutile+PGM composite grains (<10 µm) locked in chromite, possibly representing relics of orthomagmatic assemblages. The high Cr-V content and the distinctive W-Nb-Zr signature that typifies accessory rutile in chromitite provide a new pathfinder to trace the provenance of detrital rutile in placer deposits.

ACS Style

Federica Zaccarini; Giorgio Garuti; George Luvizotto; Yuri De Melo Portella; Athokpam Singh. Testing Trace-Element Distribution and the Zr-Based Thermometry of Accessory Rutile from Chromitite. Minerals 2021, 11, 661 .

AMA Style

Federica Zaccarini, Giorgio Garuti, George Luvizotto, Yuri De Melo Portella, Athokpam Singh. Testing Trace-Element Distribution and the Zr-Based Thermometry of Accessory Rutile from Chromitite. Minerals. 2021; 11 (7):661.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federica Zaccarini; Giorgio Garuti; George Luvizotto; Yuri De Melo Portella; Athokpam Singh. 2021. "Testing Trace-Element Distribution and the Zr-Based Thermometry of Accessory Rutile from Chromitite." Minerals 11, no. 7: 661.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2021 in Minerals
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The middle Anisian extensional tectonics of the Neotethyan realm developed a small, isolated carbonate platform in the middle part of the Balaton Highland (western Hungary), resulted in the deposition of uranium-bearing seamount phosphorite on the top of the drowned platform and produced some epigenetic fluorite veins in the Middle Triassic sequence. The stable C-O isotope data of carbonates are shifted from the typical Triassic carbonate ranges, confirming the epigenetic-hydrothermal origin of veining. Primary fluid inclusions in fluorite indicate that these veins were formed from low temperature (85–169 °C) and high salinity NaCl + CaCl2 + H2O type (apparent total salinity: 15.91–22.46 NaCl wt%) hydrothermal fluids, similar to parent fluids of the Alpine-type Pb-Zn deposits. These findings indicate that the Triassic regional fluid circulation systems in the Alpine platform carbonates also affected the area of the Balaton Highland. This is also in agreement with the previously established palinspatic tectonic reconstructions indicating that the Triassic carbonate and basement units in the Balaton Highland area were a part of the Southern Alpine. Similar fluorite veining in phosphorite deposits is also known in the Southern Alpine areas (e.g., Monte San Giorgi, Italy). Raman spectroscopic analyses detected H2 gas in the vapor phase of the fluid inclusions and a defect-rich fluorite structure in violet to black colored growth zones. This unique phenomenon is assumed to be the result of interaction between the uranium-rich phosphorite and the parent fluids of the epigenetic fluorite veins.

ACS Style

Zsuzsa Molnár; Gabriella Kiss; Ferenc Molnár; Tamás Váczi; György Czuppon; István Dunkl; Federica Zaccarini; István Dódony. Epigenetic-Hydrothermal Fluorite Veins in a Phosphorite Deposit from Balaton Highland (Pannonian Basin, Hungary): Signatures of a Regional Fluid Flow System in an Alpine Triassic Platform. Minerals 2021, 11, 640 .

AMA Style

Zsuzsa Molnár, Gabriella Kiss, Ferenc Molnár, Tamás Váczi, György Czuppon, István Dunkl, Federica Zaccarini, István Dódony. Epigenetic-Hydrothermal Fluorite Veins in a Phosphorite Deposit from Balaton Highland (Pannonian Basin, Hungary): Signatures of a Regional Fluid Flow System in an Alpine Triassic Platform. Minerals. 2021; 11 (6):640.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zsuzsa Molnár; Gabriella Kiss; Ferenc Molnár; Tamás Váczi; György Czuppon; István Dunkl; Federica Zaccarini; István Dódony. 2021. "Epigenetic-Hydrothermal Fluorite Veins in a Phosphorite Deposit from Balaton Highland (Pannonian Basin, Hungary): Signatures of a Regional Fluid Flow System in an Alpine Triassic Platform." Minerals 11, no. 6: 640.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in Lithos
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The Durkan Complex in the Makran Accretionary Prism (SE Iran) has been interpreted either as a continental margin succession or a Late Cretaceous tectonically disrupted seamount chain. New whole rock and clinopyroxene chemical data for basaltic and metabasaltic rocks of the Durkan Complex allow us to distinguish two main rock groups: a) rocks showing transitional chemical affinity (Group 1) and compositions resembling those of plume-type mid-oceanic ridge basalts; b) rocks with within-plate oceanic island basalt (OIB) compositions showing a clear alkaline affinity (Group 2). Based on whole rock REE contents and clinopyroxene chemistry, alkaline rocks can be further subdivided in two sub-groups, namely, the Group 2a and 2b. Compared to Group 2a, Group 2b rocks show a more pronounced alkaline nature marked by higher whole rock La/Yb and Sm/Dy ratios and higher TiO2 and Na2O contents in clinopyroxenes. Trace element and REE petrogenetic models show that the Durkan basaltic rocks were generated from the partial melting of depleted sub-oceanic mantle source that was metasomatized by OIB-type chemical components in a within-plate oceanic setting. The chemical differences in the three rock groups are related to different combinations of partial melting degree, depths of melting, and various extent of enrichment of the mantle sources by OIB-type chemical components, which are related, in turn, to a Late Cretaceous mantle plume activity in the northern Neo-Tethys realm. We suggest that the Durkan Complex formed in a seamount setting and that its different volcano-sedimentary successions record different stages of seamount formation.

ACS Style

Edoardo Barbero; Federica Zaccarini; Morteza Delavari; Asghar Dolati; Emilio Saccani; Michele Marroni; Luca Pandolfi. New evidence for Late Cretaceous plume-related seamounts in the Middle East sector of the Neo-Tethys: Constraints from geochemistry, petrology, and mineral chemistry of the magmatic rocks from the western Durkan Complex (Makran Accretionary Prism, SE Iran). Lithos 2021, 106228 .

AMA Style

Edoardo Barbero, Federica Zaccarini, Morteza Delavari, Asghar Dolati, Emilio Saccani, Michele Marroni, Luca Pandolfi. New evidence for Late Cretaceous plume-related seamounts in the Middle East sector of the Neo-Tethys: Constraints from geochemistry, petrology, and mineral chemistry of the magmatic rocks from the western Durkan Complex (Makran Accretionary Prism, SE Iran). Lithos. 2021; ():106228.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Edoardo Barbero; Federica Zaccarini; Morteza Delavari; Asghar Dolati; Emilio Saccani; Michele Marroni; Luca Pandolfi. 2021. "New evidence for Late Cretaceous plume-related seamounts in the Middle East sector of the Neo-Tethys: Constraints from geochemistry, petrology, and mineral chemistry of the magmatic rocks from the western Durkan Complex (Makran Accretionary Prism, SE Iran)." Lithos , no. : 106228.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2021 in Minerals
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Quartz from the stockwork zone of various Cyprus type volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits (Boccassuolo, Reppia, Campegli, Bargone and Vigonzano) from the unmetamorphosed, Jurassic Northern Apennine ophiolites was studied in order to provide details on the submarine hydrothermal conditions and the characteristics for ore formation. Our detailed SEM-CL investigation of quartz contributed to a robust characterization and interpretation of primary fluid inclusions and microthermometry data. SEM-CL imaging was also useful for reconstructing the consecutive steps of quartz precipitation. The determination of trace element contents according to growth zoning in quartz by LA-ICP-MS constrained the compositional variations of parent fluids during the hydrothermal activity. A continuously cooling fluid regime characterized each studied volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) occurrence although the minimum formation temperatures were different (Bargone: 110–270 °C; Boccassuolo: 60–360 °C; Campegli: 110–225 °C; Reppia: 50–205 °C; Vigonzano: 260–330 °C), the range of temperature most probably depends on the original position of sampling in relation to the centers of the hydrothermal systems. Compositional changes are reflected by variations in the methane content (0.13–0.33 mol/kg) and salinity (2.6–9.3 NaCl equiv. wt. %) in the fluid inclusions of quartz and calcite as well as a changeable Al content (11–1526 ppm) in quartz. This study demonstrates that the combined use of SEM-CL imaging and LA-ICP-MS analyses, coupled with fluid inclusion microthermometry, can constrain the different fluid conditions of ore forming and the barren stages of evolving submarine hydrothermal systems.

ACS Style

Gabriella Kiss; Zsolt Bendő; Giorgio Garuti; Federica Zaccarini; Edit Király; Ferenc Molnár. Reconstruction of Hydrothermal Processes in the Cyprus Type Fe-Cu-Zn Deposits of the Italian Northern Apennines: Results of Combined Fluid Inclusion Microthermometry, SEM-CL Imaging and Trace Element Analyses by LA-ICP-MS. Minerals 2021, 11, 165 .

AMA Style

Gabriella Kiss, Zsolt Bendő, Giorgio Garuti, Federica Zaccarini, Edit Király, Ferenc Molnár. Reconstruction of Hydrothermal Processes in the Cyprus Type Fe-Cu-Zn Deposits of the Italian Northern Apennines: Results of Combined Fluid Inclusion Microthermometry, SEM-CL Imaging and Trace Element Analyses by LA-ICP-MS. Minerals. 2021; 11 (2):165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriella Kiss; Zsolt Bendő; Giorgio Garuti; Federica Zaccarini; Edit Király; Ferenc Molnár. 2021. "Reconstruction of Hydrothermal Processes in the Cyprus Type Fe-Cu-Zn Deposits of the Italian Northern Apennines: Results of Combined Fluid Inclusion Microthermometry, SEM-CL Imaging and Trace Element Analyses by LA-ICP-MS." Minerals 11, no. 2: 165.

Review
Published: 14 January 2021 in Minerals
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The Lavrion area corresponds to the western part of the Attic-Cycladic metamorphic belt, in the back-arc region of the active Hellenic subduction zone. Between the Eocene and the Miocene, metamorphic rocks (mainly marbles and schists) underwent several stages of metamorphism and deformation due to collision and collapse of the Cycladic belt. Exhumation during the Miocene was accommodated by the movement of a large-scale detachment fault system, which also enhanced emplacement of magmatic rocks, leading to the formation of the famous Lavrion silver deposits. The area around the mines shows the stacking of nappes, with ore deposition mainly localized within the marbles, at marble-schist contacts, below, within, or above the detachment. The Lavrion deposit comprises five genetically-related but different styles of mineralization, a feature never observed in another ore deposit elsewhere, containing the highest number of different elements of any known mining district. The local geology, tectonic, and magmatic activity were fundamental factors in determining how and when the mineralization formed. Other key factors, such as the rise and the fall of sea level, which resulted from climate change over the last million years, were also of major importance for the subsequent surface oxidation at Lavrion that created an unmatched diversity of secondary minerals. As a result, the Lavrion deposit contains 638 minerals of which Lavrion is type-locality for 23 of them, which is nearly 12% of all known species. Apart from being famous for its silver exploitation, this mining district contains more minerals than any other district on Earth. The unique geological, mineralogical, and educational (mining, archaeological, and environmental) features suggest that it is highly suitable to be developed as a future UNESCO Global Geopark.

ACS Style

Panagiotis Voudouris; Vasilios Melfos; Constantinos Mavrogonatos; Adonis Photiades; Eugenia Moraiti; Branko Rieck; Uwe Kolitsch; Alexandre Tarantola; Christophe Scheffer; Denis Morin; Olivier Vanderhaeghe; Paul G. Spry; James Ross; Konstantinos Soukis; Markos Vaxevanopoulos; Igor V. Pekov; Nikita V. Chukanov; Andreas Magganas; Marianna Kati; Athanasios Katerinopoulos; Stefanos Zaimis. The Lavrion Mines: A Unique Site of Geological and Mineralogical Heritage. Minerals 2021, 11, 76 .

AMA Style

Panagiotis Voudouris, Vasilios Melfos, Constantinos Mavrogonatos, Adonis Photiades, Eugenia Moraiti, Branko Rieck, Uwe Kolitsch, Alexandre Tarantola, Christophe Scheffer, Denis Morin, Olivier Vanderhaeghe, Paul G. Spry, James Ross, Konstantinos Soukis, Markos Vaxevanopoulos, Igor V. Pekov, Nikita V. Chukanov, Andreas Magganas, Marianna Kati, Athanasios Katerinopoulos, Stefanos Zaimis. The Lavrion Mines: A Unique Site of Geological and Mineralogical Heritage. Minerals. 2021; 11 (1):76.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panagiotis Voudouris; Vasilios Melfos; Constantinos Mavrogonatos; Adonis Photiades; Eugenia Moraiti; Branko Rieck; Uwe Kolitsch; Alexandre Tarantola; Christophe Scheffer; Denis Morin; Olivier Vanderhaeghe; Paul G. Spry; James Ross; Konstantinos Soukis; Markos Vaxevanopoulos; Igor V. Pekov; Nikita V. Chukanov; Andreas Magganas; Marianna Kati; Athanasios Katerinopoulos; Stefanos Zaimis. 2021. "The Lavrion Mines: A Unique Site of Geological and Mineralogical Heritage." Minerals 11, no. 1: 76.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2020 in Minerals
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The North Makran domain (southeast Iran) is part of the Makran accretionary wedge and consists of an imbricate stack of continental and Neo-Tethyan oceanic tectonic units. Among these, the Band-e-Zeyarat ophiolite consists of (from bottom to top): ultramafic cumulates, layered gabbros, isotropic gabbros, a sheeted dyke complex, and a volcanic sequence. Sheeted dykes and volcanic rocks are mainly represented by basalts and minor andesites and rhyolites showing either normal-type (N) or enriched-type (E) mid-ocean ridge basalt affinities (MORB). These conclusions are also supported by mineral chemistry data. In addition, E-MORBs can be subdivided in distinct subtypes based on slightly different but significant light rare earth elements, Th, Nb, TiO2, and Ta contents. These chemical differences point out for different partial melting conditions of their mantle sources, in terms of source composition, partial melting degrees, and melting depths. U-Pb geochronological data on zircons from intrusive rocks gave ages ranging from 122 to 129 Ma. We suggest that the Band-e-Zeyarat ophiolite represents an Early Cretaceous chemical composite oceanic crust formed in a mid-ocean ridge setting by partial melting of a depleted suboceanic mantle variably metasomatized by plume-type components. This ophiolite records, therefore, an Early Cretaceous plume–ridge interaction in the Makran Neo-Tethys.

ACS Style

Edoardo Barbero; Morteza Delavari; Ashgar Dolati; Leila Vahedi; Antonio Langone; Michele Marroni; Luca Pandolfi; Federica Zaccarini; Emilio Saccani. Early Cretaceous Plume–Ridge Interaction Recorded in the Band-e-Zeyarat Ophiolite (North Makran, Iran): New Constraints from Petrological, Mineral Chemistry, and Geochronological Data. Minerals 2020, 10, 1100 .

AMA Style

Edoardo Barbero, Morteza Delavari, Ashgar Dolati, Leila Vahedi, Antonio Langone, Michele Marroni, Luca Pandolfi, Federica Zaccarini, Emilio Saccani. Early Cretaceous Plume–Ridge Interaction Recorded in the Band-e-Zeyarat Ophiolite (North Makran, Iran): New Constraints from Petrological, Mineral Chemistry, and Geochronological Data. Minerals. 2020; 10 (12):1100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Edoardo Barbero; Morteza Delavari; Ashgar Dolati; Leila Vahedi; Antonio Langone; Michele Marroni; Luca Pandolfi; Federica Zaccarini; Emilio Saccani. 2020. "Early Cretaceous Plume–Ridge Interaction Recorded in the Band-e-Zeyarat Ophiolite (North Makran, Iran): New Constraints from Petrological, Mineral Chemistry, and Geochronological Data." Minerals 10, no. 12: 1100.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2020 in Minerals
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The Konos Hill and Pagoni Rachi porphyry-epithermal prospects in northeastern Greece are characterized by abundant pyrite that displays important textural and geochemical variations between the various ore stages. It is commonly fine-grained and anhedral in the porphyry-related mineralization (M- and D-type veins), while it forms idiomorphic, medium- to coarse-grained crystals in the late, epithermal style veins (E-type). Porphyry-style pyrite from both prospects is characterized by an enrichment in Co, Se, Cu, and minor Zn, and a depletion in other trace elements, like Bi, Mo, Ag, etc. Pyrite in epithermal-style mineralization is mostly characterized by the presence of As, Bi, Pb, Ni, and Se. Gold in pyrite from all mineralization stages occurs as a non-stoichiometric substituting element, and its abundance correlates with As content. Arsenic in pyrite from Konos Hill records an increase from the porphyry stage to the epithermal stage (along with gold); however, at Pagoni Rachi, the highest Au and As contents are recorded in D-type pyrite and in the epithermal stage. The composition of the studied pyrite marks changes in the physico-chemical conditions of the ore-forming fluids and generally follows the geochemical trends from other porphyry-epithermal systems elsewhere. However, a notable enrichment of Se in the porphyry-style pyrite here is a prominent feature compared to other deposits and can be considered as an exploration tool towards Au-enriched mineralized areas.

ACS Style

Constantinos Mavrogonatos; Panagiotis Voudouris; Federica Zaccarini; Stephan Klemme; Jasper Berndt; Alexandre Tarantola; Vasilios Melfos; Paul G. Spry. Multi-Stage Introduction of Precious and Critical Metals in Pyrite: A Case Study from the Konos Hill and Pagoni Rachi Porphyry/Epithermal Prospects, NE Greece. Minerals 2020, 10, 784 .

AMA Style

Constantinos Mavrogonatos, Panagiotis Voudouris, Federica Zaccarini, Stephan Klemme, Jasper Berndt, Alexandre Tarantola, Vasilios Melfos, Paul G. Spry. Multi-Stage Introduction of Precious and Critical Metals in Pyrite: A Case Study from the Konos Hill and Pagoni Rachi Porphyry/Epithermal Prospects, NE Greece. Minerals. 2020; 10 (9):784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Constantinos Mavrogonatos; Panagiotis Voudouris; Federica Zaccarini; Stephan Klemme; Jasper Berndt; Alexandre Tarantola; Vasilios Melfos; Paul G. Spry. 2020. "Multi-Stage Introduction of Precious and Critical Metals in Pyrite: A Case Study from the Konos Hill and Pagoni Rachi Porphyry/Epithermal Prospects, NE Greece." Minerals 10, no. 9: 784.

Short communication
Published: 24 August 2020 in Micron
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Human bladder stones, surgically removed from a 4 years old boy, were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by electron microprobe analyses (EPMA). XRD data show that the bladder stones are mainly composed of struvite with minor apatite. Tiny particles, <10 μm in size, composed of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) were found using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quantitative analysis by wave-length dispersive system (WDS). On the basis of their composition, the particles consist of tiemannite, a rare mineral with the ideal formula HgSe. The young patient was not exposed to relevant mercury contamination and has no teeth fillings of amalgam. Although this observation is not conclusive, we suggest that Hg was introduced as methylmercury by food. The discovered tiemannite can be classified as endogenous mineral, i.e., directly precipitated from the same fluids that formed the host bladder stones. This assumption is supported by the fact that tiemannite and struvite can crystallize at the same temperature and pH values. As proposed for the formation of tiemannite previously reported in the liver of cetaceans, we suggest that the tiemannite in the human body represents a probable product of demethylation of Hg. In this contribution, we suggest that Hg and Se were initially collected by urine in the human body and finally precipitated to form tiemannite under appropriate chemical-physical conditions together with the formation of the host bladder stone. This observation suggests that the precipitation and accumulation of metals, including Hg and Se, in the human body can be considered a physiological response to eliminate part of these trace elements, thus enabling detoxification.

ACS Style

Reinhard Moser; Federica Zaccarini; Thomas Alber; Reinhold Kerbl. First finding of tiemannite, HgSe, in human bladder stones: An electron microprobe study. Micron 2020, 138, 102928 .

AMA Style

Reinhard Moser, Federica Zaccarini, Thomas Alber, Reinhold Kerbl. First finding of tiemannite, HgSe, in human bladder stones: An electron microprobe study. Micron. 2020; 138 ():102928.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reinhard Moser; Federica Zaccarini; Thomas Alber; Reinhold Kerbl. 2020. "First finding of tiemannite, HgSe, in human bladder stones: An electron microprobe study." Micron 138, no. : 102928.

Communication
Published: 29 July 2020 in Geosciences
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Titanite in submarine mafic magmatic rocks of Neotethyan origin was studied to reveal its possible use as an indicator mineral of modern Cyprus-type VMS deposits. Four ore deposit bearing (mineralized) and eight barren (unmineralized) Triassic–Jurassic locations from the Apennines, displaced fragments of the Dinarides, as well as the Dinarides and Hellenides were studied in order to gain representative results. Preliminary SEM-EDS and more detailed EPMA analyses were performed to characterize compositional variations of titanite from basalt, dolerite and gabbro. The obtained results show compositional differences according to the mode of formation. Titanite from VMS mineralized zones shows a composition close to stoichiometric values, and thus can be distinguished based on Ti content (Ti (apfu) ≥ 0.85). Due to Fe + Al substitution on Ti site, the Fe + Al vs. Ti binary plot seems to be the most discriminant for distinguishing mineralized and unmineralized locations. However, Fe vs. Al, Al vs. Mn and Si vs. Ca + Mn discrimination diagrams can also be used. Hence, compositional variations of titanite may be a possible new tool for prospection of concealed Cyprus-type deposits in the Neotethyan realm.

ACS Style

Gabriella B. Kiss; Federica Zaccarini. Compositional Variations of Titanite: A Possible New Tool for Cyprus-Type Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit Prospecting. Geosciences 2020, 10, 290 .

AMA Style

Gabriella B. Kiss, Federica Zaccarini. Compositional Variations of Titanite: A Possible New Tool for Cyprus-Type Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit Prospecting. Geosciences. 2020; 10 (8):290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriella B. Kiss; Federica Zaccarini. 2020. "Compositional Variations of Titanite: A Possible New Tool for Cyprus-Type Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit Prospecting." Geosciences 10, no. 8: 290.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2020 in Chemical Geology
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The P-V-X properties of two-component fluid inclusions (FIs) are generally determined from microthermometry data using appropriate thermodynamic models (i.e., VX diagrams) and/or equations of state (EoS). However, some limitations can hamper the applicability of this technique such as the small size, low density or complex composition of the analyzed FI. Raman spectroscopy is known as the best-suited alternative method to microthermometry for the investigation of natural FIs because it can provide simultaneously non-destructive qualitative and possible quantitative analyses after specific calibrations. The present work aims to provide calibration data to directly determine the P-V-X properties of binary or ternary mixtures of CH4, CO2, and N2. The variation of spectral features as a function of composition and pressure (or density) was investigated by using Raman spectroscopy coupled with an improved High-Pressure Optical Cell (HPOC) system and a customized heating-cooling stage. From our experimental data, the relative Raman scattering cross-section (RRSCS) of CH4 (νCH4∗) was demonstrated to be constant at 7.73 ± 0.16 over the investigated range of pressure (5–600 bars) and for any composition. This parameter can thus be used for the determination of composition with an uncertainty of ~0.5 mol%. Several calibration equations were calculated for different PX domains, linking the Fermi diad splitting of CO2 (Δ) or the relative variation of the CH4 peak position (νCH4∗) to the pressure (or density) and composition of CO2-CH4, CH4-N2, and CO2-N2-CH4 mixtures at 22 and 32 °C. The pressure and density of the fluids can henceforth be directly measured from Raman spectra with an uncertainty of ~20 bars and ~0.01 g·cm−3, respectively. Our calibration equations were then validated on natural FIs by comparing the results obtained from Raman and microthermometry. We also interpreted the variation of the peak position of CH4 based on the change of intermolecular interaction. Finally, we discussed the applicability of the obtained calibration data into another laboratory by comparing it with the data of pure CO2 and CH4 published in literature. A small shift between calibration curves implies a systematic error which is perhaps due to the difference in the configuration or the day-to-day deviation of the instruments. Therefore, standards of well-known P-V-X properties should be regularly measured to prevent and to correct any variation or shifting of the instrumental responses.

ACS Style

Van-Hoan Le; Marie-Camille Caumon; Alexandre Tarantola; Aurélien Randi; Pascal Robert; Josef Mullis. Calibration data for simultaneous determination of P-V-X properties of binary and ternary CO2 - CH4 - N2 gas mixtures by Raman spectroscopy over 5–600 bar: Application to natural fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology 2020, 552, 119783 .

AMA Style

Van-Hoan Le, Marie-Camille Caumon, Alexandre Tarantola, Aurélien Randi, Pascal Robert, Josef Mullis. Calibration data for simultaneous determination of P-V-X properties of binary and ternary CO2 - CH4 - N2 gas mixtures by Raman spectroscopy over 5–600 bar: Application to natural fluid inclusions. Chemical Geology. 2020; 552 ():119783.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Van-Hoan Le; Marie-Camille Caumon; Alexandre Tarantola; Aurélien Randi; Pascal Robert; Josef Mullis. 2020. "Calibration data for simultaneous determination of P-V-X properties of binary and ternary CO2 - CH4 - N2 gas mixtures by Raman spectroscopy over 5–600 bar: Application to natural fluid inclusions." Chemical Geology 552, no. : 119783.

Original paper
Published: 12 June 2020 in Mineralogy and Petrology
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Arsenotučekite, Ni18Sb3AsS16, is a new mineral discovered in the abandoned chromium mine of Tsangli, located in the eastern portion of the Othrys ophiolite complex, central Greece. Tsangli is one of the largest chromite deposit at which chromite was mined since 1870. The Tsangli chromitite occurs as lenticular and irregular bodies. The studied chromitites are hosted in a strongly serpentinized mantle peridotite. Arsenotučekite forms anhedral to subhedral grains that vary in size between 5 μm up to 100 μm, and occurs as single phase grains or is associated with pentlandite, breithauptite, gersdorffite and chlorite. It is brittle and has a metallic luster. In plane-polarized light, it is creamy-yellow, the bireflectance is barely perceptible and the pleochroism is weak. In crossed polarized reflected light, the anisotropic rotation tints vary from pale blue to brown. Internal reflections were not observed. Reflectance values of arsenotučekite in air (Ro, Re′ in %) are: 41.8–46.4 at 470 nm, 47.2–50.6 at 546 nm, 49.4–52.3 at 589 nm, and 51.3–53.2 at 650 nm. The empirical formula of arsenotučekite, based on 38 atoms per formula unit, and according to the structural results, is (Ni16.19Co1.01Fe0.83)Σ18.03Sb3(As0.67Sb0.32)Σ0.99S15.98. The mass density is 6.477 g·cm−3. The simplified chemical formula is (Ni,Co,Fe)18Sb3(As,Sb)S16. The mineral is tetragonal and belongs to space group I4/mmm, with a = 9.7856(3) Å, c = 10.7582(6) Å, V = 1030.2(6) Å3 and Z = 2. The structure is layered (stacking along the c-axis) and is dominated by three different Ni-coordination polyhedral, one octahedral and two cubic. The arsenotučekite structure can be considered as a superstructure of tučekite resulting from the ordering of Sb and As. The name of the new mineral species indicates the As-dominant of tučekite. Arsenotučekite occurs as rims partly replacing pentlandite and irregularly developed grains. Furthermore, it is locally associated with chlorite. These observations suggest that it was likely precipitated at relatively low temperatures during: 1) the late hydrothermal stages of the ore-forming process by reaction of Sb- and As-bearing solutions with magmatic sulfides such as pentlandite, or 2) during the serpentinization of the host peridotite. The mineral and its name have been approved by the Commission of New Minerals, Nomenclature, and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (number 2019–135).

ACS Style

Federica Zaccarini; Luca Bindi; Basilios Tsikouras; Tassos Grammatikopoulos; Christopher J. Stanley; Giorgio Garuti. Arsenotučekite, Ni18Sb3AsS16, a new mineral from the Tsangli chromitites, Othrys ophiolite, Greece. Mineralogy and Petrology 2020, 114, 435 -442.

AMA Style

Federica Zaccarini, Luca Bindi, Basilios Tsikouras, Tassos Grammatikopoulos, Christopher J. Stanley, Giorgio Garuti. Arsenotučekite, Ni18Sb3AsS16, a new mineral from the Tsangli chromitites, Othrys ophiolite, Greece. Mineralogy and Petrology. 2020; 114 (5):435-442.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federica Zaccarini; Luca Bindi; Basilios Tsikouras; Tassos Grammatikopoulos; Christopher J. Stanley; Giorgio Garuti. 2020. "Arsenotučekite, Ni18Sb3AsS16, a new mineral from the Tsangli chromitites, Othrys ophiolite, Greece." Mineralogy and Petrology 114, no. 5: 435-442.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2020 in Minerals
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This Special Issue “Innovative and Applied Research on Platinum-group and Rare Earth Elements” is dedicated to the work and memory of Demetrios Eliopoulos, IGME (Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration), Greece who passed away on 19 April 2019

ACS Style

Maria Economou-Eliopoulos; Federica Zaccarini; Giorgio Garuti. Editorial for the Special Issue “Innovative and Applied Research on Platinum-Group and Rare Earth Elements”. Minerals 2020, 10, 1 .

AMA Style

Maria Economou-Eliopoulos, Federica Zaccarini, Giorgio Garuti. Editorial for the Special Issue “Innovative and Applied Research on Platinum-Group and Rare Earth Elements”. Minerals. 2020; 10 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria Economou-Eliopoulos; Federica Zaccarini; Giorgio Garuti. 2020. "Editorial for the Special Issue “Innovative and Applied Research on Platinum-Group and Rare Earth Elements”." Minerals 10, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2020 in Minerals
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Laurite, ideally (Ru,Os)S2, is a common accessory mineral in podiform and stratiform chromitites and, to a lesser extent, it also occurs in placer deposits and is associated with Ni-Cu magmatic sulfides. In this paper, we report on the occurrence of zoned laurite found in the Merensky Reef of the Bushveld layered intrusion, South Africa. The zoned laurite forms relatively large crystals of up to more than 100 µm, and occurs in contact between serpentine and sulfides, such as pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and pentlandite, that contain small phases containing Pb and Cl. Some zoned crystals of laurite show a slight enrichment in Os in the rim, as typical of laurite that crystallized at magmatic stage, under decreasing temperature and increasing sulfur fugacity, in a thermal range of about 1300–1000 °C. However, most of the laurite from the Merensky Reef are characterized by an unusual zoning that involves local enrichment of As, Pt, Ir, and Fe. Comparison in terms of Ru-Os-Ir of the Merensky Reef zoned laurite with those found in the layered chromitites of the Bushveld and podiform chromitites reveals that they are enriched in Ir. The Merensky Reef zoned laurite also contain high amount of As (up to 9.72 wt%), Pt (up to 9.72 wt%) and Fe (up to 14.19 wt%). On the basis of its textural position, composition, and zoning, we can suggest that the zoned laurite of the Merensky Reef is “hydrothermal” in origin, having crystallized in the presence of a Cl- and As-rich hydrous solution, at temperatures much lower than those typical of the precipitation of magmatic laurite. Although, it remains to be seen whether the “hydrothermal” laurite precipitated directly from the hydrothermal fluid, or it represents the alteration product of a pre-existing laurite reacting with the hydrothermal solution.

ACS Style

Federica Zaccarini; Giorgio Garuti. Zoned Laurite from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa: “Hydrothermal” in Origin? Minerals 2020, 10, 373 .

AMA Style

Federica Zaccarini, Giorgio Garuti. Zoned Laurite from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa: “Hydrothermal” in Origin? Minerals. 2020; 10 (4):373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federica Zaccarini; Giorgio Garuti. 2020. "Zoned Laurite from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa: “Hydrothermal” in Origin?" Minerals 10, no. 4: 373.

Journal article
Published: 08 March 2020 in Minerals
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The new mineral species, eliopoulosite, V7S8, was discovered in the abandoned chromium mine of Agios Stefanos of the Othrys ophiolite, located in central Greece. The investigated samples consist of massive chromitite hosted in a strongly altered mantle tectonite, and are associated with nickelphosphide, awaruite, tsikourasite, and grammatikopoulosite. Eliopoulosite is brittle and has a metallic luster. In plane-reflected polarized light, it is grayish-brown and shows no internal reflections, bireflectance, and pleochroism. It is weakly anisotropic, with colors varying from light to dark greenish. Reflectance values of mineral in air (Ro, Re’ in %) are: 34.8–35.7 at 470 nm, 38–39 at 546 nm, 40–41.3 at 589 nm, and 42.5–44.2 at 650 nm. Electron-microprobe analyses yielded a mean composition (wt.%) of: S 41.78, V 54.11, Ni 1.71, Fe 1.1, Co 0.67, and Mo 0.66, totali 100.03. On the basis of Σatoms = 15 apfu and taking into account the structural data, the empirical formula of eliopoulosite is (V6.55Ni0.19Fe0.12Co0.07Mo0.04)Σ = 6.97S8.03. The simplified formula is (V, Ni, Fe)7S8 and the ideal formula is V7S8, which corresponds to V 58.16%, S 41.84%, total 100 wt.%. The density, based on the empirical formula and unit-cell volume refined form single-crystal structure XRD data, is 4.545 g·cm−3. The mineral is trigonal, space group P3221, with a = 6.689(3) Å, c = 17.403(6) Å, V = 674.4(5) Å3, Z = 3, and exhibits a twelve-fold superstructure (2a × 2a × 3c) of the NiAs-type subcell with V-atoms octahedrally coordinated by S atoms. The distribution of vacancies is discussed in relation to other pyrrhotite-like compounds. The mineral name is for Dr. Demetrios Eliopoulos (1947–2019), a geoscientist at the Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration (IGME) of Greece and his widow, Prof. Maria Eliopoulos (nee Economou, 1947), University of Athens, Greece, for their contributions to the knowledge of ore deposits of Greece and to the mineralogical, petrographic, and geochemical studies of ophiolites, including the Othrys complex. The mineral and its name have been approved by the Commission of New Minerals, Nomenclature, and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (No. 2019-96).

ACS Style

Luca Bindi; Federica Zaccarini; Paola Bonazzi; Tassos Grammatikopoulos; Basilios Tsikouras; Chris Stanley; Giorgio Garuti. Eliopoulosite, V7S8, A New Sulfide from the Podiform Chromitite of the Othrys Ophiolite, Greece. Minerals 2020, 10, 245 .

AMA Style

Luca Bindi, Federica Zaccarini, Paola Bonazzi, Tassos Grammatikopoulos, Basilios Tsikouras, Chris Stanley, Giorgio Garuti. Eliopoulosite, V7S8, A New Sulfide from the Podiform Chromitite of the Othrys Ophiolite, Greece. Minerals. 2020; 10 (3):245.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Bindi; Federica Zaccarini; Paola Bonazzi; Tassos Grammatikopoulos; Basilios Tsikouras; Chris Stanley; Giorgio Garuti. 2020. "Eliopoulosite, V7S8, A New Sulfide from the Podiform Chromitite of the Othrys Ophiolite, Greece." Minerals 10, no. 3: 245.

Journal article
Published: 18 February 2020 in Minerals
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The Maronia Cu-Mo ± Re ± Au deposit is spatially related to a microgranite porphyry that intruded an Oligocene monzonite along the Mesozoic Circum-Rhodope belt in Thrace, NE Greece. The magmatic rocks and associated metallic mineralization show plastic and cataclastic features at the south-eastern margin of the deposit that implies emplacement at the ductile-brittle transition, adjacent to a shear zone at the footwall of the Maronia detachment fault. The conversion from ductile to brittle deformation caused a rapid upward magmatic fluid flow and increased the volume of water that interacted with the host rocks through high permeable zones, which produced extensive zones of potassic and sodic-calcic alteration. Potassic alteration is characterized by secondary biotite + K-feldspar (orthoclase) + magnetite + rutile + quartz ± apatite and commonly contains sulfides (pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite). Sodic-calcic alteration consists of actinolite + sodic-calcic plagioclase (albite/oligoclase/andesine) + titanite + magnetite + chlorite + quartz ± calcite ± epidote-allanite. The high-oxidation state of the magmas and the hydrothermal fluid circulation were responsible for the metal and sulfur enrichments of the aqueous fluid phase, an increase in O2 gas content, the breakdown of the magmatic silicates and the production of the extensive potassic and sodic-calcic alterations. Brittle deformation also promoted the rapid upward fluid flow and caused interactions with the surrounding host rocks along the high temperature M-, EB-, A- and B-type veins.

ACS Style

Vasilios Melfos; Panagiotis Voudouris; Margarita Melfou; Matías G. Sánchez; Lambrini Papadopoulou; Anestis Filippidis; Paul G. Spry; Anna Schaarschmidt; Reiner Klemd; Karsten M. Haase; Alexandre Tarantola; Constantinos Mavrogonatos. Mineralogical Constraints on the Potassic and Sodic-Calcic Hydrothermal Alteration and Vein-Type Mineralization of the Maronia Porphyry Cu-Mo ± Re ± Au Deposit in NE Greece. Minerals 2020, 10, 182 .

AMA Style

Vasilios Melfos, Panagiotis Voudouris, Margarita Melfou, Matías G. Sánchez, Lambrini Papadopoulou, Anestis Filippidis, Paul G. Spry, Anna Schaarschmidt, Reiner Klemd, Karsten M. Haase, Alexandre Tarantola, Constantinos Mavrogonatos. Mineralogical Constraints on the Potassic and Sodic-Calcic Hydrothermal Alteration and Vein-Type Mineralization of the Maronia Porphyry Cu-Mo ± Re ± Au Deposit in NE Greece. Minerals. 2020; 10 (2):182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasilios Melfos; Panagiotis Voudouris; Margarita Melfou; Matías G. Sánchez; Lambrini Papadopoulou; Anestis Filippidis; Paul G. Spry; Anna Schaarschmidt; Reiner Klemd; Karsten M. Haase; Alexandre Tarantola; Constantinos Mavrogonatos. 2020. "Mineralogical Constraints on the Potassic and Sodic-Calcic Hydrothermal Alteration and Vein-Type Mineralization of the Maronia Porphyry Cu-Mo ± Re ± Au Deposit in NE Greece." Minerals 10, no. 2: 182.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Minerals
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Holes BA1B and BA3A were drilled into the Wadi Tayin Massif, southern ophiolite complex of Oman, a fragment of the Tethyan oceanic lithosphere obducted onto the Arabian continent. Within the sequence, we have studied a portion of the shallow mantle, composed mainly of strongly serpentinised harzburgite that embeds dunitic levels, the biggest being over 150 m thick. The formation of thick dunitic channels, already approached via published structural and mathematical models, is here investigated with a mineral chemistry approach. We focused on Cr-spinel, the only widespread phase preserved during serpentinization, whose TiO2 content displays a wide variability from low in harzburgite, (TiO2 < 0.25 wt. %), typical of non-metasomatised ophiolite mantle, to moderately high in dunite (TiO2 < 1.10 wt. %) characterizing a rock/melt interactions. The high variability of TiO2, accompanied by similar patterns of Cr# and Mg# is observed, in a fractal pattern, at all scales of investigation, from the whole channel scale to the single thin section, where it affects even single grain zonings. Our results suggest that the over 150 m thick dunite channel here investigated was formed by coalescence of different scale melt channels and reaction zones with different sizes, confirming the published structural model.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Cocomazzi; Giovanni Grieco; Paola Tartarotti; Micol Bussolesi; Federica Zaccarini; Laura Crispini; Oman Drilling Project Science Team. The Formation of Dunite Channels within Harzburgite in the Wadi Tayin Massif, Oman Ophiolite: Insights from Compositional Variability of Cr-Spinel and Olivine in Holes BA1B and BA3A, Oman Drilling Project. Minerals 2020, 10, 167 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Cocomazzi, Giovanni Grieco, Paola Tartarotti, Micol Bussolesi, Federica Zaccarini, Laura Crispini, Oman Drilling Project Science Team. The Formation of Dunite Channels within Harzburgite in the Wadi Tayin Massif, Oman Ophiolite: Insights from Compositional Variability of Cr-Spinel and Olivine in Holes BA1B and BA3A, Oman Drilling Project. Minerals. 2020; 10 (2):167.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Cocomazzi; Giovanni Grieco; Paola Tartarotti; Micol Bussolesi; Federica Zaccarini; Laura Crispini; Oman Drilling Project Science Team. 2020. "The Formation of Dunite Channels within Harzburgite in the Wadi Tayin Massif, Oman Ophiolite: Insights from Compositional Variability of Cr-Spinel and Olivine in Holes BA1B and BA3A, Oman Drilling Project." Minerals 10, no. 2: 167.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2020 in Minerals
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Grammatikopoulosite, NiVP, is a new phosphide discovered in the podiform chromitite and hosted in the mantle sequence of the Othrys ophiolite complex, central Greece. The studied samples were collected from the abandoned chromium mine of Agios Stefanos. Grammatikopoulosite forms small crystals (from 5 μm up to about 80 μm) and occurs as isolated grains. It is associated with nickelphosphide, awaruite, tsikourasite, and an undetermined V-sulphide. It is brittle and has a metallic luster. In plane-polarized light, it is creamy-yellow, weakly bireflectant, with measurable but not discernible pleochroism and slight anisotropy with indeterminate rotation tints. Internal reflections were not observed. Reflectance values of mineral in air (R1, R2 in %) are: 48.8–50.30 at 470 nm, 50.5–53.5 at 546 nm, 51.7–55.2 at 589 nm, and 53.2–57.1 at 650 nm. Five spot analyses of grammatikopoulosite give the average composition: P 19.90, S 0.41, Ni 21.81, V 20.85, Co 16.46, Mo 16.39, Fe 3.83, and Si 0.14, total 99.79 wt %. The empirical formula of grammatikopoulosite—based on Σ(V + Ni + Co + Mo + Fe + Si) = 2 apfu, and taking into account the structural results—is (Ni0.57Co0.32Fe0.11)Σ1.00(V0.63Mo0.26Co0.11)Σ1.00(P0.98S0.02)Σ1.00. The simplified formula is (Ni,Co)(V,Mo)P and the ideal formula is NiVP, which corresponds to Ni 41.74%, V 36.23%, P 22.03%, total 100 wt %. The density, calculated on the basis of the empirical formula and single-crystal data, is 7.085 g/cm3. The mineral is orthorhombic, space group Pnma, with a = 5.8893(8), b = 3.5723(4), c = 6.8146(9) Å, V = 143.37(3) Å3, and Z = 4. The mineral and its name have been approved by the Commission of New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA 2019-090). The mineral honors Tassos Grammatikopoulos, geoscientist at the SGS Canada Inc., for his contribution to the economic mineralogy and mineral deposits of Greece.

ACS Style

Luca Bindi; Federica Zaccarini; Elena Ifandi; Basilios Tsikouras; Chris Stanley; Giorgio Garuti; Daniela Mauro. Grammatikopoulosite, NiVP, a New Phosphide from the Chromitite of the Othrys Ophiolite, Greece. Minerals 2020, 10, 131 .

AMA Style

Luca Bindi, Federica Zaccarini, Elena Ifandi, Basilios Tsikouras, Chris Stanley, Giorgio Garuti, Daniela Mauro. Grammatikopoulosite, NiVP, a New Phosphide from the Chromitite of the Othrys Ophiolite, Greece. Minerals. 2020; 10 (2):131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Bindi; Federica Zaccarini; Elena Ifandi; Basilios Tsikouras; Chris Stanley; Giorgio Garuti; Daniela Mauro. 2020. "Grammatikopoulosite, NiVP, a New Phosphide from the Chromitite of the Othrys Ophiolite, Greece." Minerals 10, no. 2: 131.

Journal article
Published: 05 December 2019 in Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
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The Haftcheshmeh Cu-Mo porphyry deposit is located in the NW part of the Arasbaran Metallogenic-Magmatic Zone, NW Iran. Ore mineralisation is generally hosted within the gabbro-diorite and granodiorite porphyry stocks, presenting various types of hydrothermal quartz veins and veinlets associated with potassic to sericitic alteration. Stage I corresponds to barren quartz-K-feldspar-biotite-anhydrite veins (A veins), with minor metal sulphides (pyrite ± chalcopyrite), surrounded by K-feldspar and biotite halos related to potassic alteration. Stage II is described with quartz-molybdenite-chalcopyrite-pyrite-bornite-magnetite-hematite-biotite veins, predominantly occurring in the potassic alteration halos (B veins). Stage III shows pyrite-quartz-chalcopyrite ± molybdenite-galena-sphalerite associated with sericitic alteration halos (D veins). The coexistence of halite-saturated aqueous-rich and low-salinity vapour-rich fluid inclusions in the H2O-NaCl-CO2 system is evidence of fluid boiling in each alteration/mineralising stage. This process was subsequently followed by meteoric water input diluting the CO2-bearing ore-forming fluid. LA-ICPMS data of fluid inclusions associated with the successive stages reveal elevated Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Mo content. The metal content of fluid inclusions of Stages II and III is in large part due to accidentally trapped minerals. Molybdenite and chalcopyrite started precipitating between stages I and II from a metal-poor fluid. The long-duration (>1 Ma) of the magmatic-hydrothermal activity and associated CO2 fluxes and repeated fluid boiling events lead to ore deposition at temperatures of 450 to 250 °C and at depths between 3.0 and 1.0 km from near-lithostatic to near-hydrostatic conditions.

ACS Style

N. Zaheri-Abdehvand; A. Tarantola; I. Rasa; S. Hassanpour; C. Peiffert. Metal content and P-T evolution of CO2-bearing ore-forming fluids of the Haftcheshmeh Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, NW Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 2019, 190, 104166 .

AMA Style

N. Zaheri-Abdehvand, A. Tarantola, I. Rasa, S. Hassanpour, C. Peiffert. Metal content and P-T evolution of CO2-bearing ore-forming fluids of the Haftcheshmeh Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, NW Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 2019; 190 ():104166.

Chicago/Turabian Style

N. Zaheri-Abdehvand; A. Tarantola; I. Rasa; S. Hassanpour; C. Peiffert. 2019. "Metal content and P-T evolution of CO2-bearing ore-forming fluids of the Haftcheshmeh Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, NW Iran." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 190, no. : 104166.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2019 in Minerals
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Magnetite is a common accessory phase in various types of ore deposits. Its trace element content has proven to have critical implications regarding petrogenesis and as guides in the exploration for ore deposits in general. In this study we use LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) analyses of trace elements to chemically characterize magnetite from the Pagoni Rachi Cu–Mo–Re–Au porphyry-style prospect, Thrace, northern Greece. Igneous magnetite mostly occurs as euhedral grains, which are commonly replaced by hematite in fresh to propylitic-altered granodiorite porphyry, whereas, hydrothermal magnetite forms narrow veinlets or is disseminated in sodic/potassic-calcic altered (albite + K-feldspar + actinolite + biotite + chlorite) granodiorite porphyry. Magnetite is commonly associated with chalcopyrite and pyrite and locally exhibits martitization. Laser ablation ICP-MS analyses of hydrothermal magnetite yielded elevated concentrations in several trace elements (e.g., V, Pb, W, Mo, Ta, Zn, Cu, and Nb) whereas Ti, Cr, Ni, and Sn display higher concentration in its magmatic counterpart. A noteworthy enrichment in Mo, Pb, and Zn is an unusual feature of hydrothermal magnetite from Pagoni Rachi. High Si, Al, and Ca values in a few analyses of hydrothermal magnetite imply the presence of submicroscopic or nano-inclusions (e.g., chlorite, and titanite). The trace element patterns of the hydrothermal magnetite and especially the decrease in its Ti content reflect an evolution from the magmatic towards the hydrothermal conditions under decreasing temperatures, which is consistent with findings from analogous porphyry-style deposits elsewhere.

ACS Style

Constantinos Mavrogonatos; Panagiotis Voudouris; Jasper Berndt; Stephan Klemme; Federica Zaccarini; Paul G. Spry; Vasilios Melfos; Αlexandre Tarantola; Manuel Keith; Reiner Klemd; Karsten Haase. Trace Elements in Magnetite from the Pagoni Rachi Porphyry Prospect, NE Greece: Implications for Ore Genesis and Exploration. Minerals 2019, 9, 725 .

AMA Style

Constantinos Mavrogonatos, Panagiotis Voudouris, Jasper Berndt, Stephan Klemme, Federica Zaccarini, Paul G. Spry, Vasilios Melfos, Αlexandre Tarantola, Manuel Keith, Reiner Klemd, Karsten Haase. Trace Elements in Magnetite from the Pagoni Rachi Porphyry Prospect, NE Greece: Implications for Ore Genesis and Exploration. Minerals. 2019; 9 (12):725.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Constantinos Mavrogonatos; Panagiotis Voudouris; Jasper Berndt; Stephan Klemme; Federica Zaccarini; Paul G. Spry; Vasilios Melfos; Αlexandre Tarantola; Manuel Keith; Reiner Klemd; Karsten Haase. 2019. "Trace Elements in Magnetite from the Pagoni Rachi Porphyry Prospect, NE Greece: Implications for Ore Genesis and Exploration." Minerals 9, no. 12: 725.