OBJECTIVE: Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is prevalent in the older population, it can be rarely seen in younger people. This study aims to investigate the risk factors and characteristics of BCC in young patients. METHODS: Pathology reports in a single tertiary care institution between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients under the age of 35 who were diagnosed with BCC were included for the analysis. Data were gathered from medical records and pathology reports. Demographic characteristics, accompanying pathologies, and clinical findings of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS: There were a total of 32 patients in our cohort. Out of 32 patients, 20 were female and 12 were male. One male patient and five female patients were younger than 18. An accompanying risk factor (Gorlin syndrome, XP, renal transplantation, etc.) was present in six patients. There were no known additional diseases or risk factors in 26 patients. Metastasis and recurrence were not reported in any of our patients. Contrary to the information in the literature, the patients with BCC at a young age were not found more aggressive in our study. CONCLUSION: Contrary to the information in the literature, the patients with BCC at a young age were not found more aggressive in our study. Understanding the risk factors associated with BCC is essential for designing prevention strategies and favoring early diagnosis. Awareness of early-onset BCC aids in early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Therefore, BCC should be in the differential diagnosis of skin lesions in the young population. In addition, when we encounter early-onset BCC, we should not forget the accompanying risk factors and syndromes.

Objective: This study aimed to find out valuable parameters that predict the nature of breast papillary lesions before excision, and we compared our results with those in the literature. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the medical records and pathology slides of patients diagnosed with papillary neoplasm after undergoing a core-needle biopsy between 2010 and 2020, who, subsequently, underwent surgical excision in a single tertiary care institution. The core biopsy results and pathology results of excision materials were compared with the radiological, pathological, and demographic findings. Results: A total of 51 patients were included in the study. According to the excision results, the patients were divided into two groups: the atypical group, which included 20 patients (39.3%), and the benign group, which included 31 patients (61.7%). The results of the core biopsy showed that the loss of myoepithelial cell layer was identified in 18 patients in the atypical group, while it was present in all patients in the benign group. Tumor sizes were larger and patient ages were older in the atypical group compared with the benign group. No significant difference was found between atypical and benign groups in terms of breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) classification and location (right vs left; central vs peripheral). The upgrade rate was between 0% and 16% in literature, while it was 4% in our study. Conclusion: There is no consensus on whether patients diagnosed with papillary neoplasia as a result of core biopsy will undergo excision. According to our results, patients with following criteria should have their lesions excised: those who are advanced in age, those who are diagnosed with a papillary lesion as a result of core biopsies with loss of myoepithelial cell layer, and those who are diagnosed with large-sized lesions without loss of myoepithelial cell layer. Patients diagnosed with small-sized lesions without loss of myoepithelial cell layer and who are young in age are to be followed up without the need for lesion excision. The lesions should be adequately sampled.

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease in which estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 play crucial roles in molecular subtyping, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, showing positivity in nearly 90% of cases. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been implicated in the oncogenesis and prognosis of various tumors, but its relationship with molecular subtyping factors in breast carcinomas remains to be clarified. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 111 patients who underwent surgery for breast carcinoma. Clinicopathological data were retrospectively analyzed in relation to VDR expression. Histological grade, hormone receptor (HR) status, Ki-67 proliferation index, and other clinicopathological parameters were recorded and their associations with VDR expression were statistically evaluated. Histological grading showed grade 1 in 3.7%, grade 2 in 41.4%, and grade 3 in 54.9% of cases. HR positivity was found in 60.3% of patients, while 39.7% were HR-negative. Ki-67 expression was ≥20% in 65.7% and <20% in 34.3% of cases. VDR expression was low in 54%, moderate in 26.1%, and high in 19.9% of patients. A strong correlation ( P < .001) was observed between VDR expression and ER, PR, HR, and Ki-67, while a significant association ( P = .025) was found with necrosis and mortality. Additionally, no significant correlation with histological grade ( P = .056) was noted. The findings suggest a strong association between VDR and ER, PR status, and the Ki-67 proliferation index in breast carcinoma. Further studies are needed to explore the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of VDR in breast cancer.

Giriş ve Amaç Servikal premalign ve malign lezyonların erken tanı ve tedavisinde ve Pap (Papanicolaou) smear ve HPV tarama testlerinin önemi bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma ile üçüncü basamak tek merkez servikal tarama testi- biyopsi sonuçlarını karşılaştırmalı analiz ederek sunmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler Çalışmaya 3.basamak tek bir merkezde jinekolojik onkoloji polikliniğine başvuran ve kolposkopik biyopsi yapılan 272 hasta dâhil edildi. Olguların Pap smear sonuçları Betesta sistemine göre klasifiye edildi. HPV-DNA tiplendirmesi PCR yöntemi ile yapıldı. Tüm servikal biyopsi örneklerinden elde edilen H&E, p16 ve ki 67 boyalı preperatlar ışık mikroskobunda değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırmalı analiz edildi. Bulgular ve sonuç HPV tarama testi, Ko-test ve Pap smear yöntemlerinin biyopsi ile uyumlarının karşılaştırılmasında HPV tarama testi anlamlı bulunmuştur (p0,05). Servikal smear testi genel topluma uygulanan bir tarama testi olup kuşkulu olgularda HPV testi yaptırmak serviks kanserini tarama açısından daha faydalı bulunmuştur.