In Mexico, kiwifruit has adapted to high tropical climates, but plant numbers remain limited for its commercial cultivation. In vitro cultivation offers a solution for its propagation and commercial introduction. This study compared semisolid medium, partial immersion, and temporary bioreactor (BIT®) in vitro systems for plant multiplication and field introduction. For the BIT® system, five immersion times (2, 3, 5, 8, and 11 min) were tested for multiplication. After 60 days, the number of shoots, roots, and leaves, along with root and shoot size, were analysed using normality tests, parametric, non‐parametric and principal component analysis. The best immersion time for BIT® was eight minutes, resulting in the highest shoot production. When the three systems were compared, partial immersion and semisolid medium systems supported chlorophyll content, root development, and acclimatisation, enhancing plant survival. The BIT® system proved more efficiency for leaf and shoot multiplication due to periodic oxygenation, but it had the lowest acclimatisation percentage. However, with optimal multiplication and a phytohormonal treatment before acclimatisation, plant production for commercial introduction could be achieved. Field introduction was successful in Ixhuatlán del café, Veracruz, México, demonstrating the potential of in vitro techniques for kiwifruit plants production and their cultivation.

The Orchidaceae family is of significant decorative, pharmaceutical, alimentary, and cultural importance worldwide. This family is very vulnerable due to illegal looting, habitat destruction, and climate change. The development of new hybrids helps meet the demand for specimens that possess outstanding appearance, fragrance, and resistance characteristics and may reduce illegal looting. The objective of this research was to investigate the in vitro propagation of the hybrid Rhyncattleanthe Queen Bee JLA 1 (Rth. Queen Bee JLA 1). Shoot induction was performed with germinated seedlings that were 1 cm in length on semi-solid MS medium with different 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 3-Indoleacetic acid (IAA), and 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations. Micropropagation was conducted using a temporary immersion system (TIS), a liquid continuous immersion system (CIS), and a conventional semi-solid system (SSS). Afterwards, all regenerated seedlings underwent an acclimatization stage. The highest numbers of shoots (7.04) and leaves (14.28) were obtained with the combination of 1.5 mg L⁻¹ BAP and 0.4 mg L⁻¹ NAA, while the addition of 0.4 mg L⁻¹ IBA in combination with 1.5 mg L⁻¹ BAP enhanced the length of stems (2.12 cm) and leaves (1.88 cm). TIS produced the highest number of shoots (15.68), leaves (22.92), stem length (5.94 cm), and number of leaves (3.50) in seedlings analyzed. The combination of growth regulators BAP and NAA together with the temporary immersion system influenced both the development of the vitroplants and their vegetative development after acclimatization of the hybrid Rth. Queen Bee JLA1 orchid.

The main commercial variety of coffee is the Coffea arabica specie, however, it is very susceptible to damage caused by nematodes, for this reason scions of the C. arabica specie are used on ro-busta (Coffea canephora) rootstocks to improve tolerance to these microorganisms, because they modify the organoleptic, nutraceutical and nutritional characteristics. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of five roasting degrees on commercial beans (light, medium light, medi-um, medium, medium dark and dark) in two varieties of Coffea arabica species (Colombia and Costa Rica) and their respective scions on C. canephora of the Romex variety. The scion of the Co-lombia variety with the medium dark roast had the highest concentration of caffeine, while the coffee beans of the Costa Rica variety with the light roast grade had the highest concentration of chlorogenic acid (5-CQA), while the highest acrylamide content was found in the scion of the Co-lombia variety with the medium light roast beans and nutritional content differs considerably between varieties, however, there is similarity between roasting degrees. The degree of roasting, variety and scion of coffee influences the organoleptic, nutraceutical and nutritional content of the coffee infusion.

El limón Persa (Citrus x latifolia) tiene gran relevancia ya que su comercio internacional ha crecido en los últimos años y la superficie cultivada está aumentando, lo que genera mayor demanda de plantas sanas y genéticamente puras. El limón Persa produce frutos con ausencia de semillas. La ausencia de semillas limita la reproducción sexual de este cultivo, la propagación asexual como el cultivo in vitro de tejidos ofrece una excelente alternativa reproductiva. El cultivo in vitro a través de los sistemas de inmersión temporal con biorreactores RITA® promueve la multiplicación de plantas con calidad fitosanitaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de los biorreactores RITA®, medio semisólido e inmersión parcial en el cultivo in vitro de limón Persa determinar su desarrollo morfológico, concentración de las clorofilas a, b y total, fitohormonas AIB, BAP y KIN y de nutrimentos N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe y B en tejido vegetal. en Biorreactores RITA® se generó el mayor número de brotes, mayor concentración de BAP y KIN, macronutrimentos N, P y K y de los micronutrimentos Fe, Mn y B, la propagación in vitro de limón Persa en biorreactores RITA® es altamente eficiente.

The main commercial species of coffee is Coffea arabica; however, it is highly susceptible to biotic and abiotic factors. For this reason, scions of Coffea arabica species are used on robusta (Coffea canephora) rootstocks since grafting can modify the organoleptic, nutraceutical, and nutritional characteristics of crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of five roasting degrees (light, medium light, medium, medium dark, and dark) in two varieties of Coffea arabica species (Colombia Rojo and Costa Rica 95) and their respective grafts on C. canephora variety Romex. The concentrations of acrylamide, caffeine, and chlorogenic acids were analyzed using HPLC, and the nutrient content was analyzed using plasma induction atomic emission spectrophotometry. The graft of the Colombia Rojo variety with the medium dark roast had the highest concentration of caffeine (1.523%). The same variety with the light roast had the highest concentration of chlorogenic acid (3.088 mg g⁻¹), while the highest acrylamide content (336.70 ng g⁻¹) was found in the same variety with the medium light roast. The roasting degree, variety, and grafting of coffee influence the organoleptic, nutraceutical, and nutritional contents of coffee infusions.

El anturio tiene gran importancia en el mercado ornamental; sin embargo, su reproducción tradicional presenta problemáticas; por ello, el cultivo in vitro representa una alternativa para su propagación. En el cultivo in vitro, los nutrientes son provistos por el medio de cultivo, pero la información sobre la nutrición in vitro para anturio es escasa. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comparar tres sistemas de cultivo in vitro: semisólido, inmersión parcial y biorreactor RITA®. Se evaluaron características de desarrollo y contenido nutrimental en plantas y medio de cultivo. Los datos se analizaron con ANOVA y pruebas de Tukey, se utilizó el software R-STUDIO. Los resultados más altos para brotes y longitud de raíz se obtuvieron con inmersión parcial; el número de hojas, brotes y raíces no mostró diferencias entre inmersión parcial y los biorreactores RITA®. El mayor contenido de nutrimentos en tejido se obtuvo en plantas cultivadas en el biorreactor RITA® y en el medio de cultivo para este biorreactor; lo que indica un uso más eficiente de nutrientes, debido al mayor contacto de los explantes con el medio y la renovación de la atmósfera gaseosa. Por ello, el biorreactor RITA® representa la mejor opción para la producción de plantas de anturio.