Amaç: Gül ıslahında ebeveyn seçimi başarıyı etkileyen faktörler arasında yer alır. Ebeveyn seçimi ve kombinasyonların belirlenmesinde ıslahçının; ploidi seviyesi, ebeveynlerin verimliliği, polen canlılığı, meyve başına tohum sayısı ve tohumların çimlenme oranı gibi faktörleri dikkate alması başarı oranını etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma, tozlamada polen kaynağı olarak kullanılan kokulu ve kokusuz gül genotiplerinin meyve tutum oranı ve meyve başına tohum sayısı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmada, baba ebeveyn olarak iki kokulu gül türü (Rosa damascena Mill., Rosa odarata cv. Louis XIV) ile melez çay gülleri olarak bilinen Rosa hybrida L. türüne ait iki ticari kesme gül çeşidi (Magnum ve First Red), anne ebeveyn olarak ise Rosa hybrida türüne ait ticareti yapılan iki farklı kesme gül çeşidi (Polar Star ve Black Magic) kullanılmıştır. Tozlama amacıyla 12 farklı kombinasyon oluşturulmuş ve 01 Mayıs-30 Aralık tarihleri arasında kombinasyon başına 20’şer adet melezleme yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada kullanılan bütün ebeveynlerin ploidi seviyelerinin 2n=4x=28 yani tetraploid olduğu belirlenmiştir. Baba ebeveyn olarak kullanılan tür ve çeşitlerde polen canlılık oranlarının % 52.76-58.92, çimlenme güçlerinin ise % 24.61-45.24 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Tozlamalarda meyve başına en yüksek tohum sayısı 25.67 adet ile Black Magic x R. damascena kombinasyonunda belirlenirken bunu 23.00 adet ile Polar Star x R. odorata cv. Louis XIV kombinasyonu izlemiştir. Meyve başına en düşük tohum sayısı ise 7.00 adet ile Black Magic x Magnum kombinasyonundan elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmada baba ebeveyn olarak kullanılan kokulu gül türleri ile yapılan tozlamaların meyve başına tohum sayısını arttırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Potted miniature roses are popular indoor ornamental plants. Due to consumer demands, different varieties are introduced to the market every year. The most widely used method for the development of potted miniatures is cross breeding. Six divergent popular pot miniature roses as female parents and Rosa centifolia and Black Baccara as male parents as well as 190 of their F₁ hybrids were studied to determine the extent of crossability and the heterosis effects for several quantitative and qualitative traits for determining miniature rose breeding potential. The percentage of pollen viability and the pollen germination rate differed between 48.61% and 61.27% and between 23.26% and 32.19%, respectively. All cultivars exhibited a strong correlation between the fruit set, the weight of fruit, the total set, the weight of seed, the number of seeds per fruit, and the seed germination rate. The cultivar Rosa White Star as a female parent exhibited a good fruit set and crossing success, whereas Juanita Kordana showed a poor crossing success rate. The maximum setting after the crossing was that of Rosa White Star × R. centifolia comprising 75% of fruits, 132 total seeds, and seed weight of 0.68 g. The highest number of seeds per fruit (12.63) was obtained from Rosa Bling Love Star × R. centifolia, and the Red Romance × Black Baccara had the maximum germination of seed rate (48%). The potential for heterobeltiosis and heterosis varied and exhibited a contrasting performance for various qualitative and quantitative traits between F₁ progenies. The parents and F₁ hybrids were sorted into three major groups by cluster analysis based on the phenotypic variation.

The limited knowledge about the inheritance of traits in roses makes the efficient development of rose varieties challenging. In order to achieve breeding goals, the inheritance of traits needs to be explored. Additionally, for the inheritance of a trait like scent, which remains a mystery, it is crucial to know the success of parental traits in transmitting them to the next generation. Understanding this allows for accurate parental selection, ensuring sustainability in meeting market demand and providing convenience to breeders. The aim of this study was to assess the success of cross-combinations between scented old garden roses and hybrid tea roses used in cut roses in transferring their existing traits, with the objective of achieving scented cut roses. The evaluated traits included recurrent blooming, flower stem length, flower diameter, petal number, scent, and bud length of both parents and progenies. The inheritance of these traits was evaluated through theoretical evaluations, including calculating heterosis and heterobeltiosis and determining narrow-sense heritability. The combinations and examined traits were assessed using a hierarchical clustering heat map. The results of this study indicated that flower stem length, flower diameter, petal number, and bud length traits had a moderate degree of narrow-sense heritability, suggesting the influence of non-additive genes on these traits. This study observed a low success rate in obtaining progenies with scent in cross combinations between cut roses and old garden roses, indicating the challenges in obtaining scented genotypes. The discrepancy between the observed phenotypic rates and the expected phenotypic and genotypic rates, according to Punnett squares, suggests that the examined traits could be controlled by polygenic genes. The progenies were observed to exhibit a greater resemblance to old garden roses than hybrid tea roses and did not meet the commercial quality standards for cut flowers. The significant negative heterosis observed in 65.12% (petal number) and 99.61% (flower diameter) of the progenies provides strong evidence of resemblance to old garden roses. Considering these findings, it is recommended to consider old garden roses as parents, taking into account their suitability for other breeding objectives.

Bu araştırma, rakımın üzümde bazı kalite parametreleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, 2017 yılı vegetasyon döneminde Malatya ilinin 3 farklı rakımında (800 m, 1000 m ve 1200 m) bulunan çiftçi bağlarında, yürütülmüştür. Söz konusu rakımlarda bulunan 4 sofralık, 3 şaraplık ve 3 kurutmalık olmak üzere toplam 10 üzüm çeşidi değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. İlgili üzüm çeşitlerine ait salkım ve tanelerin pomolojik özellikleri ile yine bu çeşitlere ait meyvelerin bazı biyokimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; ortalama salkım ağırlığı 77.6-693.27 g, salkım eni-boyu sırasıyla 6.67-15.70 cm ve 9.47-24.97 cm aralıklarında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Tane ağırlığı, tane eni-boyu ve tane eti sertliğinin de yine sırasıyla 2.19-5.49 g, 12.66-19.66-15.31-29.51 mm ve 1.39-5.22 N gibi ortalama değerlere sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Çeşitler arasında pH 3.45 ile 4.56 değişiklik göstermiş olup sadece rakımlar bazında Ağın Beyazı çeşidindeki fark istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Meyve biyokimyasal özelliklerinden Suda Çözünür Kuru Madde (SÇKM) ve Titre Edilebilir Asitlik (TA) değerlerinin yükselti artışı ile pozitif korelasyona sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

In producing chrysanthemum hybrids, more seed sets per fruit are preferred. Only successful pollination and fertilization allow seeds to de-velop. High pollen viability and pollen germination rate are intimately correlated with successful fertilization. Chrysanthemum pollen and their storage duration have only been the subject of a relatively few investigations. The study aimed to determine pollen's viability and germination during the 4 days, which were kept at 24 ºC. In the present study, two different Chrysanthemum species (Chrysanthemum coronarium L. and Chrysanthemum segetum L.) and two commercial Chrysanthemum varieties (Chic and Haydar) that belong to Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. species as spray chrysanthemum pollens were used for experimental material. The grains pollen were stored in an incubator which was 24 ºC and 60% humidity. The pollen viability was tested with TTC (2,3,5 Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride) staining test and pollen germination was evaluated hanging drop method with modified ME_3-m medium, daily for 4 days including day 0. The results showed that the viability and germination of all pollens used in this study decreased day by day. Depending on the species/varieties, the viability rates ranged from 12.83% to 32.04% on the first day and between 0.57-2.33% on the last day. Pollen germination rates differed between 16.76% - 3.45% on the 0th day and 0.0-0.17% on the 4th day.

The popular cut flower gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) has a limited vase life at the end request of user because proper postharvest treatments are not used. Vulnerable to microbial contamination. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how various preservation solutions affected the cut Gerbera jamesonii flower (cv. Yeliz) quality and vase life. Cut flowers were placed in glass jars containing solutions in six different treatments: 100, 150, and 250 mg L-1 of citric acid; 100, 150, and 200 mg L-1 of thymol; and distilled water as a control. Fresh flower weight, water uptake, vase life, pH, EC, and pigment color assessment were among the parameters that were noted based on 0-3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days of storage. According to the results, the solution containing 250 mg L-1 of citric acid produced the highest values for fresh weight, water uptake, and flower vase life and least color change of the flowers. This was followed by the solution containing 100 mg L-1 of thymol. Flowers treated with 200 mg L-1 of thymol had the lowest fresh weight and vase life performance. The quality and vase life of cut Gerbera jamesonii flowers were found to be significantly affected by the use of 250 mg L-1 citric acid in preservation solutions. In comparison to other treatments, high dosages of tyhmol (150 and 200 mg L-1) had a negative impact on floral quality and vase life.