Motorsport remains high risk despite advances in crash protection, vehicle design, and medical response. Effective injury prevention requires understanding interactions among crash loading, human injury tolerance, protective-system design, and material behavior. This scoping review searched PubMed, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus for English-language studies from 2000 to July 2026 addressing motorsport safety, injury biomechanics, finite element analysis or modeling, protective-system design, or impact-mitigation materials. Study characteristics were charted, and evidence was narratively synthesized following scoping-review principles. Fifty-six studies were included. Injury prevention increasingly draws on head-kinematic field measurements, injury epidemiology, region-specific finite element analyses, and studies of helmets, restraints, seats, and energy-absorbing structures. The most direct evidence concerns integrated head-neck protection, restraint and seat geometry, and the use of finite-element methods to interpret local injury mechanisms. Emerging material strategies are promising but rely mainly on component-level or simulation-based evidence rather than driver-level injury outcomes. Overall, biomechanics, protective-system design, and material selection are increasingly integrated, but evidence remains uneven. Real-world injury surveillance is limited, simulation studies predominate over field outcomes, and direct evidence linking emerging materials to driver-level injury reduction remains sparse. Progress requires better surveillance datasets, stronger motorsport-specific validation, and more driver-centered protective design.

Functional ankle instability (FAI) results from multiple ankle sprains, causing a perceived sense of joint instability due to muscle and ligament imbalances. Neuromuscular training (NMT) is employed to enhance ankle stability in individuals with FAI. The study included 24 male university students with FAI, who underwent ankle NMT on three surfaces. OpenSim musculoskeletal model analyzed the effects on ankle muscle activity, kinetics, and kinematics. Utilizing repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-dimensional statistical non-parametric mapping (SNPM1d) to identify distinctions between training surfaces. NMT on foam cushion (FC) significantly enhanced tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius medial (GM) activation during walking compared to level-ground (LG) and artificial turf (AT) (p<0.05). However, no differences observed for peroneus longus (PL), gastrocnemius lateral (GL), and peak ankle plantarflexion (PF). During jogging and fast running, post FC training increased TA, PL, GM, GL activation, and peak ankle PF moment (p<0.05). Additionally, post FC training, subtalar mobility was significantly reduced (p<0.05), and ankle joints exhibited greater dorsiflexion (DF) angles during jogging and fast running (p<0.05). Consequently, selecting FC for short-term ankle NMT proves more advantageous in enhancing ankle stability among individuals with FAI, yielding a more positive impact on FAI improvement.