The aim of this study was to assess the predictive capacity of body composition estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to identify abnormal blood pressure in physical education and sport teaching students in the city of Ankara. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained in the city of Ankara in 2014. A total of 133 students aged 20–35 yr participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements were measured. Body composition was assessed by BIA. Physical activity level (PAL) and usual dietary intake were assessed. Pre-hypertension and hypertension were defined, respectively, as BP ≥120 and/or 80, and ≥140 and /or 90 mmHg. More overweight students showed abnormal BP especially SBP (P=0.005 and 0.002, respectively). Age adjusted regression showed significant association between arm circumference (β= 0.176, P 0.044), mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC) (β= 0.235, P 0.007), lean body mass (LBM) (β= 0.238, P 0.006), basal metabolism rate (BMR) (β= 0.219, P 0.012) and SBP and, also, MAMC (β= 0.201, P 0.022), LBM (β= 0.203, P 0.021), BMR (β= 0.189, P 0.030) and DBP. Fat intake was associated with DBP (β= 0.14, P =0.040). Multivariate regression models adjusted for age, BMI, WC and fat intake/kg body weight showed positive association of SBP with MAMC, BMR and LBM (P<0.05). The relationship between blood pressure and body composition in young adults may be associated to LBM and MAMC. LBM or MAMC in this population may be indirect indicators of heart muscle mass and heart pumping power.

The aim of this study is to enable basic posture exercises to be included in the basic exercises of the visually impaired individuals as a step to learn more difficult movements, to guide the instructors in order to make efficient progress in a short time and to help more numbers of disabled individuals benefit from these studies.Method: 15 visually impaired sedentary students from the Department of Special Education, the Gazi Faculty of Education, who take the course Physical Education and Game Teaching for Visually Impaired People participated in the study. Following the verbal information about the study, the visually impaired students were asked to try 5 movements with difficult conditions. During the next 10 weeks, he course continued in the practice section (1 day, 45 minutes per week) and all the basic postures, included in the program with the help of the instructor’s verbal and physical help, were applied. 10 weeks later, visually impaired students were asked to retry the 5 movements which they were asked to do at the beginning of the program. The study was carried out with compilation method and the results were recorded on the basis of observation.Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was observed that visually impaired individuals who have successfully learned the basic postures with verbal communication and physical help can apply movements with difficult conditions more easily and with fewer mistakes compared to the early attempts and movement qualities (technical production) have significantly increased. Based on this, it can be concluded that basic postures are of great benefit in movement training and progress of visually impaired individuals.

This study aims to compare the environmental attitudes of college students who participate in outdoor sports. This study's sample group consisted of 320 university student volunteers who participate in outdoor sports (n=147) and non-participants in outdoor sports (n=173). The Environmental Attitude Inventory (EAI) developed by Milfont and Duckitt (2006) was used to assess participants' environmental attitudes. Turkish validity and reliability analysis of the original form was conducted by Ak (2008). The data obtained from the survey results were collected using Microsoft Excel program and analyzed using SPSS 18.0 package program. Descriptive statistics methods (frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation) were used in the analysis of the obtained data. In addition, the T-test for independent samples was used to compare the means of two different groups, and the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the differences between the means. On the other hand, Pearson's correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between the groups. In the analysis of the results, a significance level of p 0.005 and p 0.01 was assumed. As a result, the environmental attitudes of the participants in outdoor sports were more favorable than those of the others. If participation in outdoor sports is widespread and children’s participation in these activities is encouraged, it could be essential in preserving nature and enhancing environmental awareness.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-week karate training on walking skills, a locomotor skill, in visually impaired individuals aged 10-14 years. A total of 20 visually impaired individuals participated in the study. To evaluate the walking skills of the visually impaired individuals, a 10-meter walking test was performed on a walking line that could be felt on the soles of the feet, and the participants' 10-meter walking time, step length, and step number values were recorded. SigmaPlot 11.0 program was used for data analysis. In the pre-and post-test comparisons, the Paired t-test was used for normally distributed data, and the Wilcoxon test was used for non-normally distributed data. In the comparison of two independent groups, a t-test was used for normally distributed data, and the Mann Whitney-U Test was used for non-normally distributed data. According to the findings, there was no statistically significant difference between the 10-meter walking pre-test results of the karate and control groups with and without glasses. When the post-test values were analyzed, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found in all parameters of the karate group except the stride length parameter. In intra-group comparisons, while there was no significance in the pre-post test values of the control group, a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference was found in all parameters of the karate group. As a result, short-term karate training has a positive effect on the walking skills of visually impaired individuals aged 10-14 years.

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of short-term karate training on some physical fitness parameters in visually impaired children aged 10-12. A total of 15 visually impaired individuals participated in the study. While the study group received karate training together with physical education lessons 1 day a week for 6 weeks, the control group only attended physical education lessons. Within the scope of the Eurofit Special Test, anthropometric measurements, long jump, medicine ball throwing, sit-up, sit-reach (flexibility), walking on the bench, and 25-meter running tests were applied to the participants. According to the research data, while there was a significant difference between the pre-post tests of the anthropometric measurements of the study group (p<0.001), no significant difference was observed in the comparison of the two groups. While it was determined that there was a significant difference between the pretest-posttest values in the Eurofit Special test parameters of the study group (p<0.005), there was no significant difference between the pre-posttest values of the control group. While there was no statistically significant difference between the pretests of Eurofit Special test measurements in which two independent groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was found in favor of the study group in all parameters in the posttest when two independent groups were compared (p<0.005). As a result of the study, it was seen that short-term karate training gave positive results on some physical fitness parameters of visually impaired individuals between the ages of 10-12.