Çalışmada, Türkiye bankacılık sektöründe 2002-2015 döneminde devamlı olarak faaliyet gösteren ticaret bankalarının finansal kırılganlıklarına etki eden mikro faktörlerin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Finansal kırılganlık, takipteki kredi oranı ve sermaye yeterlilik rasyosu ile temsil edilirken; mikro faktörler ise aktif karlılık oranı, özsermaye karlılığı, likidite oranı, banka büyüklüğü, finansal kaldıraç ve net faiz marjı ile temsil edilmiştir. Finansal kırılganlığa etki eden faktörlerin tespit edilebilmesi için iki ayrı model oluşturulmuştur. Bu modeller panel veri yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde, model 1’de takipteki kredi oranı ile banka büyüklüğü arasında anlamlı ve negatif ilişki tespit edilirken; likidite oranı ile anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Model 2’de ise sermaye yeterlilik oranı ile net faiz marjı ve aktif karlılık oranı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki belirlenirken; finansal kaldıraç ve özsermaye karlılığı ile anlamlı ve negatif ilişki belirlenmiştir.

This study examines the impact of financial development, renewable energy, energy intensity, and stringent environmental policies on green growth in twenty-three Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries from 2000 to 2023. Additionally, it examines how stringent environmental policies moderate the link between financial development and green growth. Economic complexity, trade openness, and green technology variables are also included in the model as control variables. The index is constructed using economic growth, education, health, CO2 emissions, net forest, and mineral components for green growth, the main variable explained in the research. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares method is applied to estimate elasticity coefficients in the study. The findings show that financial development and energy intensity have a negative impact on green growth, whereas strict environmental policies and renewable energy support green growth. Moreover, the interaction between financial development and stringent environmental policies promotes green growth. At the same time, the control variables of trade openness and economic complexity have a negative impact on green growth, while green technology makes a positive contribution. Furthermore, financial development and energy intensity have the most significant quantitative impact on green growth, while trade openness and stringent environmental policies have the least impact. In line with these findings, environmentally friendly financial instruments and green investments should be supported instead of directing financial resources only to industry-intensive sectors in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. In this context, implementing energy efficiency policies and increasing incentives for renewable energy are of great importance.

The study examines the link between economic growth and environmental sustainability in advanced economies from 1994 to 2023 within the LCC (Load Capacity Curve) hypothesis framework. Additionally, the study investigates the moderating role of ICT and environmental taxes in the linkage between economic growth and the Load Capacity Factor (LCF). Second-generation panel data analysis methods, namely CUP-FM and BA-OLS techniques, were employed for coefficient estimation, and the MMQR method was applied to reveal the differing effects of variables at quantile levels. Empirical findings indicate a U-shaped link between LCF and economic growth, thereby validating the LCC hypothesis for advanced economies in the long term. Additionally, direct positive effects of ICT and environmental taxes on LCF were observed, and it was determined that the interactions between GDP and ICT, as well as between GDP and environmental taxes, are positively related to LCF. According to the MMQR analysis, the negative effect of economic growth on LCF is weaker in the lower quantiles and stronger in the higher quantiles. The impact of ICT and environmental taxes on LCF is negative in the lower quantiles and turns positive in the higher quantiles. The interaction between economic growth and ICT was positive across all quantiles, with the highest effect occurring in the 90th quantile. Similarly, the interaction between environmental taxes and economic growth was positive across all quantiles, with the most substantial impact observed in the 10th and the weakest in the 90th quantile. While the control variables of renewable energy consumption positively impact LCF in all quantiles, the effect of financial development is adverse in the lower quantiles and positive in the higher quantiles. The findings underscore the importance of integrating growth, finance, digitalization, taxation, and energy policies to safeguard environmental capacity and promote sustainability in advanced economies.