Primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA) is a rare liver malignancy with few studies describing its radiological characteristics. This article aims to assess the imaging features of each of the multiple delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, in addition to the conventional MRI protocol, in a patient with PHA. Standard MRI sequences and a liver protocol were used in the examination of a 71 year-old male with pathologically proven PHA after current imaging evaluation. In addition, the patient underwent transversal and coronal MRI T1-weighted scans at 10 min, 20 min and 90 min after intravenous (IV) administration of gadobenatedimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA). The PHA revealed a variable appearance on MRI, with classic imaging being insufficient in making a reliable diagnosis. Lesions have increased vascularity, which translates into increased IV contrast uptake in the MRI arterial phase, showing progressive and globular enhancement in the portal and parenchymatous phases. On delayed scans, at 10 min after IV administration, the lesions maintained no washout, but slightly began to washout at 20 min post-contrast. However, in the hepatobiliary phase (90 min post-contrast injection), on an MRI T1-weighted sequence, PHA lesions were hypointense, suggesting the absence of hepatocytes, thus indicating high-grade malignancy. This approach proved the conclusion that in a patient with PHA, an extra MRI T1-weighted scan at 90 min post-gadobenatedimeglumine injection can provide helpful information in differential diagnosis.

The objective of this paper is to report a quantitative assessment of the data obtained in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) sequence in order to establish the specific values of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for meningiomas. Furthermore, the study aims to identify the benign ADC spectrum of this brain tumor and to analyse the further benefits of DWI quantification usage in the follow-up protocol. The methods used to achieve those purposes included scanning a number of 44 meningiomas, post-processing of DWI and calculation of ADC values. Our results suggest that typical meningiomas' ADC numbers range between 0.636-1.034 × 10 ^-3 mm/s ² (mean 0.838 × 10 ^-3 mm/s ² ). Also, as an incidental finding, this research concludes that age and gender prove to be important factors because only in patients over 40 years old this pathology was detected and female subjects were more prone to develop meningiomas.

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, derived from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI), increase with age, reflecting microstructural changes in white matter integrity. However, factors beyond chronological aging may influence cerebral diffusion characteristics. We investigated whether anticoagulant use is associated with favorable white matter ADC profiles, suggesting preserved microvascular health. ADC values were analyzed in cerebral white matter across four age-defined adult cohorts (20–59 years). Minimum, mean, and maximum ADC values were extracted. Patients at the lowest and highest ends of the ADC spectrum within each group were identified. The prevalence of anticoagulant use was compared between groups, and a logistic regression model adjusted for age was used to assess the independent association between anticoagulant use and lower ADC values. Across all cohorts (n = 892), anticoagulated patients (n = 89) were significantly overrepresented among individuals with low ADC values consistent with younger diffusion profiles. Of the anticoagulated patients, 93.3% had ADC values below the lower cut-off limit. In contrast, only 30% of non-anticoagulated patients exhibited such profiles. Anticoagulant use was independently associated with low ADC values after adjusting for age (OR = 4.89, p < 0.0001). Anticoagulation is strongly associated with lower, more favorable ADC values in cerebral white matter, independent of age. These findings support the potential neuroprotective role of anticoagulants and suggest that diffusion MRI may serve as a surrogate marker for early microvascular brain health.

Lipodystrophy is a rare group of metabolic disorders characterized by the abnormal distribution of body fat, which can lead to various metabolic complications due to the body’s inability to adequately process carbohydrates and fat. We report the case of a female, aged 53 years, who was admitted as an outpatient for progressive weight loss of the upper part of the body (face, neck, arms, and chest), dyspeptic complaints, fatigue, mild insomnia, and anxious behavior. Her medical history was characterized by the presence of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and a minor stroke episode. However, she denied any family-relevant medical history. Although the clinical perspective suggested a possible late onset of partial acquired lipodystrophy, due to the imaging exam that revealed an enlarged liver with inhomogeneous structure with multiple nodular lesions, scattered over both lobes, a lot of lab work-ups and complementary studies were performed. Eventually, a liver biopsy was performed by a laparoscopic approach during cholecystectomy, the histology consistent with metabolic disease-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). In conclusion, given their heterogeneity and rarity, lipodystrophies may be either overlooked or misdiagnosed for other entities. Barraquer–Simons syndrome (BSS) may be associated with liver disease, including cirrhosis and liver failure. Liver lipodystrophy in BSS may sometimes feature steatosis with a focal, multi-nodular aspect, multiplying the diagnostic burden. Liver lipodystrophy may manifest as asymptomatic fat accumulation but may progress to severe conditions, representing one of the major causes of mortality in BSS, apart from the cardio-vascular comorbidities. Given the potential of severe outcomes, it is mandatory to correctly assess the stage of liver disease since the first diagnosis.

The paper reports a quantitative analysis of the data provided by the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objective of this study was to establish if there was a connection between ADC values and rCBV, specifically in anaplastic gliomas (classified as WHO III grade) but with lower cellular malignancy at the surrounding area (WHO II grade). A number of 10 patients were examined with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). The minimum, maximum and mean for ADC values and for rCBV have been calculated. As a result, we determined the ranges of ADC values and rCBV for mixed G II/III gliomas and we found a gradual increase of the rCBV while the ADC value decreases, most evident in the correlation of minimum ADC value and maximum relative CBV. In conclusion, significant information was obtained by correlating ADC values with rCBV.

The purpose of this paper is to use data provided by diffusion - weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and perfusion - weighted magnetic resonance imaging (PWI) in order to establish whether age or gender can be factors involved in developing a brain tumor. Moreover, the study aims to conclude if these factors influence the features of a high grade brain tumor. The methods used in order to achieve those purposes included quantification and post-processing of DWI and PWI, which resulted in acquiring apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and relative cerebral blood volumes (rCBV). Twenty-five patients, with an elevated rCBV and a decreased ADC value (conditions that characterize a high grade malignancy) were selected. our results suggest that, although the number of men developing a brain neoplasia is higher, the disease manifestation is worse in women. Also, age proves to be an important factor as people over 45 years old are more prone to be diagnosed with a high grade glioma.