Reducing fruit and vegetable waste and maintaining quality has become challenging for everyone. Nanotechnology is a new and intriguing technology that is currently being implemented in fruit and vegetable preservation. Silver nanomaterials provide superior antibacterial qualities, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, which expands their potential applications in fruit and vegetable preservation. Silver nanomaterials include silver nanocomposites and Ag-MOF, of which silver nanocomposites are mainly composed of silver nanoparticles. Notably, not all kinds of silver nanoparticles utilized in the preservation of fruits and vegetables are thoroughly described. Therefore, the synthesis, mechanism of action, and advancements in research on silver nanocomposites for fruit and vegetable preservation were discussed in this study.

With the constantly escalating demand for safe food packaging, the utilization of biodegradable polysaccharide-based nanocomposite films is being explored as an alternative to traditional petrochemical polymer films (polyvinyl alcohol, polybutylene succinate, etc.). Polysaccharide-based films have excellent mechanical properties, water vapor transmission rates, and other physical characteristics. Films can fulfill numerous demands for fruit packaging in daily life. Additionally, they can be loaded with various types of non-toxic and non-biocidal materials such as bioactive substances and metal nanomaterials. These materials enhance bacterial inhibition and reduce oxidation in fruits while maintaining fundamental packaging functionality. The article discusses the design and preparation strategies of polysaccharide-based nanocomposite films and their application in fruit preservation. The types of films, the addition of materials, and their mechanisms of action are further discussed. In addition, this research is crucial for fruit preservation efforts and for the preparation of polysaccharide-based films in both scientific research and industrial applications.

With the growth of the population and the development of industry and agriculture, water resources are experiencing contamination by numerous pollutants, posing a threat to the aquatic environment and human health. Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) membranes, as a solution for water pollutant treatment, not only have the advantages of high efficiency adsorption, good selectivity, stability, and easy recyclability, but they also can be modified or derivatized through surface functionalization, compositing, or structural tuning, which can further endow the membranes with other functions, such as catalysis and degradation. In order to improve the performance of ZIF membranes, it is crucial to select suitable preparation methods to optimize the microstructure of the membranes and to improve the separation performance and stability of the membranes. This review systematically summarizes the current major preparation methods of ZIF membranes and their respective advantages and disadvantages, providing an overview of the applications of ZIF membranes in the treatment of water pollutants, such as dyes, antibiotics, and heavy metal ions. Future development prospects are also discussed, with the expectation that future research will optimize the synthesis methods to enhance the mechanical strength of the membranes and improve their selectivity, permeability, and anti-fouling properties through modifications or functionalization. This article is expected to provide theoretical support for the application of ZIF membranes in water pollution treatment.

In this work, two-dimensional copper-based metal–organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) nanozymes, including cuprous oxide-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (Cu₂O-TCPP) and copper-cuprous oxide-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (Cu-Cu₂O-TCPP), were synthesized, which exhibit dual ascorbate oxidase (AO) and peroxidase (POD)-like activities. The reductants, such as ascorbic acid (AA), can be oxidized by the cascade AO and POD catalysis on Cu-MOFs to oxidize p-phthalic acid (PTA) and generate fluorescence. Consequently, a fluorescence sensing platform for AA and other reducing substances was established. This platform offers potential for efficient and selective monitoring of reductive species and related antioxidant levels in food systems. The results showed that the two Cu-MOFs displayed favorable linear relationships (R² ≥ 0.99) for the detection of AA, glutathione (GSH) and L-cysteine (L-Cys). Their limits of detection (LOD) were 5.3 μM for Cu₂O-TCPP and 92.5 μM for Cu-Cu₂O-TCPP. Finally, by detecting real samples of vitamin C tablets and fruits, the accuracy of the two Cu-MOFs nanos enzymes was validated, with Cu₂O-TCPP showing higher accuracy.

The nutritional quality and amino acid profiles of 165 tomato samples (66 regular and 99 cherry varieties) from Beijing and Shandong in Northern China were assessed. The results showed that the regional origin was associated with differences in Dry Matter (8.88% vs. 6.73%), Soluble Solids (8.04% vs. 5.80%), total titratable acidity (5.57 vs. 4.08 g/kg), and Lycopene levels (67.32 vs. 38.22 mg/kg). Shandong tomatoes generally showed higher values than those from Beijing. Vitamin C levels were comparable between the two regions (17.79 vs. 13.98 mg/100 g), suggesting no linkage between Vitamin C variation and Dry Matter differences in this dataset. These regional differences likely reflect integrated effects of cultivation systems, varietal composition, and environmental conditions. They may not be explained by geographic origin alone. Principal component analysis revealed regional clustering driven by the accumulation of sugars, organic acids, and amino acids, with glutamate and aspartate contributing strongly to flavor-related variation. These findings provide insights into regional tomato quality and may support precision cultivation and breeding strategies.