Ourapteryx is widely distributed in the Palearctic and Oriental regions, with the highest species diversity found in China. As of 2024, 95 described species have been recorded globally; however, no comprehensive revision of this genus has been published. Identifying Ourapteryx species based solely on wing patterns is challenging due to their extreme similarity, often leading to frequent misidentifications and the oversight of cryptic species. In this study, we utilized 68 morphological species, along with 1050 COI sequences, to develop an integrative taxonomy for Ourapteryx . This taxonomy integrates morphological, molecular, distributional, and ecological evidences. Our findings identified nine candidate species (labeled as sp1–sp7, O. horishana and O. brachycerca ), increasing the total number of recognized species from 68 to 77. Using this updated checklist, we compared four molecular delimitation methods against the outcomes of morphological taxonomy. The analysis indicated that a 2% threshold produced the highest efficiency. Additionally, we explored the reasons behind morpho‐molecular discordance and the presence of hidden species. Our study underscores the importance and reliability of integrative taxonomy, which relies on multiple lines of evidence for accurate species identification and classification.

Andrena camellia, an effective pollinator of the economicallysignificant crop Camellia oleifera, can withstand the toxic pollen of C. oleifera, making A. camellia a crucial for resource conservation and cultivation of C. oleifera. In this study, the whole genome of A. camellia was sequenced on the Oxford Nanopore platform. The assembled genome size was 340.73 Mb including 50 scaffolds (N50=47.435 Mb) and 131 contigs (N50=17.2 Mb). A total of 11, 258 protein-coding genes were annotated, in addition, 1,104 non-coding RNAs were identified. Further analysis that some chromosomes of A. camellia have a high level of synteny with those of Apis mellifera, Osmia bicornis and Andrena minutula. Thus, our reported genome of A. camellia serves as a valuable resource for studying species evolution, behavioral biology, and adaption to toxic pollen of C. oleifera.

The choice of trap in entomological surveys affects the composition of captured insects, though previous comparative studies have been limited in the types of composition measured, and the effects of environmental context. We assessed the sampling bias of several traps commonly used in pollinator monitoring: blue, yellow, and white pan traps, and blue vane traps, towards different taxonomic and functional groups and their efficiency in measuring taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity. Analyses were performed in monoculture and mixed forests to understand the environmental context of trap efficiency. We found that blue pan traps generally outperformed other types in bee capture and exhibited a preference for Halictidae bees. Blue pan traps yielded the highest species richness and phylogenetic diversity, while blue vane traps captured the highest functional richness. Bias differences were frequently detected in mixed forests compared with monoculture forests. We also found the combination of blue vane and pan traps consistently correlated highest with a complete survey among two-method combinations. Based on our findings, we recommend a combination of blue vane and pan traps to obtain a more comprehensive bee collection in an efficient manner. Additionally, it is crucial to consider habitat type when designing bee trapping protocols to ensure an accurate representation of bee communities.

The type specimens of Anthophorinae described by Yan-Ru Wu in the Beijing Institute of the Zoological Museum of the Chinese National Animal Collection Resource Center are reviewed. Primary types of 47 taxa are illustrated, and detailed information on each taxon is provided. New synonymies are also established for Amegilla (Glossamegilla) himalajensis (Radoszkowski, 1882) = Amegilla (Glossamegilla) hainanensis Wu, 2000, syn. nov., Anthophora (Petalosternon) hanseni Morawitz, 1883 = Anthophora (Paramegilla) codentata Wu, 2000, syn. nov., Anthophora (Paramegilla) solskyi Fedchenko, 1875 = Anthophora (Caranthophora) amegilloides Wu, 2000, syn. nov., Anthophora (Clisodon) furcata ssp. montislinguarum Schulz, 1906 = Clisodon xinjiangensis Wu, 1985, syn. nov., Elaphropoda percarinata (Cockerell, 1930) = Elaphropoda tienmushanensis Wu, 1979, syn. nov.. Habrophorula rubigolabralis Wu, 2000 is removed from Habrophorula forming new combination Habropoda rubigolabralis (Wu, 2000), comb. nov..

Xylocopinae, a diverse bee subfamily comprising over 1,000 bee species, and also a major model system for studying the pollination and evolution of sociality. The lack of chromosome-level genome assembly resources for the Xylocopinae limits our research of their biology and evolution. Here, we provided the first pseudo-chromosomes genome assembly of the Xylocopa dejeanii combined PacBio CLR long reads, Illumina sequences, and Hi-C data. The final genome is 194.44 Mb located in 16 chromosomes. Our assembly includes 141 scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 length of 13.15 Mb. BUSCO analysis revealed 99.00% completeness. Genome annotation identified 28.27 Mb of repetitive elements, 10,970 protein-coding genes, and 432 ncRNAs. This high-quality X. dejeanii assembly advances our understanding of Xylocopinae genomics and provides new insights into bee evolution.