Jordan faces stringent energy challenges mainly in the form of import dependence and escalating demand. The building sector accounts for 58% of total national electricity consumption and therefore plays an important role in addressing these challenges. This article investigates how energy efficiency in green buildings certified by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system contribute towards achieving United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Jordan. Furthermore, this paper proposes a new Comprehensive Contribution to Sustainable Development Index (CCSDI) to assess the contributions of implementation of the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category to achieve UN SDGs in Jordan. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to obtain data. Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to evaluate the contributions of LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the EA category. Results indicate a positive relationship between the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in category and UN SDGs 7−9 and 12−13. We conclude that our proposed CCSDI is a robust tool for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings towards achieving UN SDGs in Jordan.

A stable methodology for conserving the natural environment has been a concern for developing countries. The fast-paced growth of urbanization generated significant demand for automobiles, leading to greater utilization of fuel. The consumption of fuel is fulfilled by the Filling Station (FS). An FS is undoubtedly an important facility, but it is reported that it has high potential for degradation of natural resources, pollution problems, environmental degradation, and hydrological, geological, and socio-economic hazards, and therefore the site selection of such facilities is an essential problem. The traditional approach utilizes EIA assessments and GIS separately and existing models lacks integration. Thus, this study provides an integrated GIS-based land suitability modeling using EIA assessments, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used as key land use feature prioritization for the appropriate selection of FS locations. A case study is also carried out to assess the precision of the suggested model. The findings indicate that more than 73% of the present FS are in the acceptable region, while 27% of the FS are not in the adequate region using the local code. Furthermore, 58% of the present FS are in the acceptable region, while 42% of current FS are not in the adequate region using the international code. The findings of the comparative code analysis show a difference in the codes. The international code looks safer compared to the local code because it has higher buffer distances. This model will assist decision-makers in making better decisions for such land suitability problems for filling stations, and this model can also be extended to other facilities by some modifications in the filters and data layers of the model.

Public procurement is the most corrupt government activity. Process disintegration, limited competition, and corruption are the most common challenges in the procurement system. Thus, post-contracting project activities are contingent upon the effectiveness of the precontracting procurement process. This study examined the disintegration of the procurement process. It filled the gap related to the lack of comprehensive investigation in previous studies for identifying the barriers to procurement integrity. This research aimed to evaluate the procurement system’s performance by examining the impediments to embedding novel frameworks and achieving the integration of the procurement process. The researchers conducted a systematic review and proposed a conceptual framework for common issues in the procurement system. Moreover, the study employed a focus group of eight experts to examine the framework’s suitability for further studies in the public sector. The findings demonstrated ten thematic categories representing barriers to integrating multiple stages in the procurement system. The most frequent groups were fraud and corruption, accountability, lack of knowledge and skills, and lack of transparency. Due to the strict government conventional systems and regulations, this study emphasized clients’ central position and limited role in facilitating team integration, adaptiveness, and upgrading the procurement system.