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Healthy city is an important aspect of sustainable city and society. This study constructed a healthy city evaluation framework, and calculated the healthy city index (HCI) of 258 cities in China in 2016 by using the entropy weight method. The results show disparities in the construction of healthy cities in China. The level of healthy city development in China was not optimistic, healthy class V and IV cities accounted for more than 80% of all cities, while healthy class I and II cities accounted for only 6.2%. Healthy city development was dramatically imbalanced, and large-scale cities and eastern developed areas led in healthy development. The HCI in eastern region was 1.50, 1.54 and 1.58 times that of the central, western and northeastern regions. The Moran's I was 0.151, indicating that the healthy development of cities had obvious learning and synergistic effects. Coal consumption, city size, meteorological conditions, economic development and education level were related to the healthy city development level in China. Promoting fairness in allocation of medical, sports, and education resources, strengthening health-oriented urban planning, and upgrading the energy structure will help raise the level of healthy city development in China, which should be verified in the future.
Daohao Yan; Shaohua Wu; Shenglu Zhou; Fufu Li; Yuanmin Wang. Healthy city development for Chinese cities under dramatic imbalance: evidence from 258 cities. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 74, 103157 .
AMA StyleDaohao Yan, Shaohua Wu, Shenglu Zhou, Fufu Li, Yuanmin Wang. Healthy city development for Chinese cities under dramatic imbalance: evidence from 258 cities. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 74 ():103157.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaohao Yan; Shaohua Wu; Shenglu Zhou; Fufu Li; Yuanmin Wang. 2021. "Healthy city development for Chinese cities under dramatic imbalance: evidence from 258 cities." Sustainable Cities and Society 74, no. : 103157.
This study detailed a complete research from Lead (Pb) content level to ecological and health risk to direct- and primary-sources apportionment arising from wheat and rice grains, in the Lihe River Watershed of the Taihu region, East China. Ecological and health risk assessment were based on the pollution index and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) health risk assessment model. A three-stage quantitative analysis program based on Pb isotope analysis to determine the relative contributions of primary sources involving (1) direct-source apportionment in grains with a two-end-member model, (2) apportionment of soil and dustfall sources using the IsoSource model, and (3) the integration of results of (1) and (2) was notedly first proposed. The results indicated that mean contents of Pb in wheat and rice grains were 0.54 and 0.45 mg/kg and both the bio-concentration factors (BCF) were <<1; the ecological risk pollution indices were 1.35 for wheat grains and 1.11 for rice grains; hazard quotient (HQ) values for adult and child indicating health risks through ingestion of grains were all <1; Coal-fired industrial sources account for up to 60% of Pb in the grains. This study provides insights into the management of grain Pb pollution and a new method for its source apportionment.
Lian Chen; Shenglu Zhou; Qiong Yang; Qingrong Li; Dongxu Xing; Yang Xiao; Cuiming Tang. Pb Content, Risk Level and Primary-Source Apportionment in Wheat and Rice Grains in the Lihe River Watershed, Taihu Region, Eastern China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6256 .
AMA StyleLian Chen, Shenglu Zhou, Qiong Yang, Qingrong Li, Dongxu Xing, Yang Xiao, Cuiming Tang. Pb Content, Risk Level and Primary-Source Apportionment in Wheat and Rice Grains in the Lihe River Watershed, Taihu Region, Eastern China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (12):6256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLian Chen; Shenglu Zhou; Qiong Yang; Qingrong Li; Dongxu Xing; Yang Xiao; Cuiming Tang. 2021. "Pb Content, Risk Level and Primary-Source Apportionment in Wheat and Rice Grains in the Lihe River Watershed, Taihu Region, Eastern China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12: 6256.
Due to a lack of the realization mechanism and operational pattern of the urban-rural integration by land use, this study employs land use to regulate interface elements to achieve urban-rural integration development. Therefore, we analyzed urban-rural reality in Pukou District of Nanjing City, a typical metropolitan fringe of China, and investigated farmers’ willingness of typical representative villages. The results show that (1) According to the combination of resource environment, development intensity and development potential, Pukou District is divided into four land use areas, including optimization integration area, key development area, urban agricultural area, and ecotourism area. Most of the investigated farmers have a strong willingness to realize urban-rural integration by land use; (2) This study proposes an operational pattern of regional land use. The pattern is mainly based on “reality + willingness + policy” by using the three tools of “farmland reconsolidation, village reconstruction and factor reallocation”. It achieves urban-rural integration development through “zoning guidance–willingness driven–pattern selection–differentiated tools”.
Wei Cao; Shenglu Zhou; Minyu Zhou. Operational Pattern of Urban-Rural Integration Regulated by Land Use in Metropolitan Fringe of China. Land 2021, 10, 515 .
AMA StyleWei Cao, Shenglu Zhou, Minyu Zhou. Operational Pattern of Urban-Rural Integration Regulated by Land Use in Metropolitan Fringe of China. Land. 2021; 10 (5):515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Cao; Shenglu Zhou; Minyu Zhou. 2021. "Operational Pattern of Urban-Rural Integration Regulated by Land Use in Metropolitan Fringe of China." Land 10, no. 5: 515.
Cd accumulation in paddy soils and its subsequent transfer to the food chain are widespread environmental issues, which has been extensively investigated in China. However, most studies focused on regional scales and these results may not be applicable to present the Cd contamination status in soil-rice ecosystems at a national scale. Therefore, based on collected data from China’s rice cultivation dominated regions, this study provides the Cd pollution level of paddy soils and rice grains in China. Results indicates that the Yangtze River basin, especially Hunan, required more attention due to the elevated Cd concentrations in soil-rice ecosystems. Moreover, this review summarizes the significant natural and anthropogenic sources, transport and accumulation mechanism as well as the influencing factors of Cd in soil-rice ecosystems. The wide occurrence of Cd contamination in paddy soils derived primarily from mining activities, intensive application of phosphates fertilizers and e-waste. Physicochemical characteristics of soil, soil microorganisms, temperature as well as the physiological features of rice plants all contribute to Cd accumulation in rice grains, which can be controlled to mitigate Cd accumulation in rice grains. This review will provide a scientific reference for Cd pollution control and management with respect to paddy field ecosystems in China and other countries.
Mengmeng Zou; Shenglu Zhou; Yujie Zhou; Zhenyi Jia; Tianwei Guo; Junxiao Wang. Cadmium pollution of soil-rice ecosystems in rice cultivation dominated regions in China: A review. Environmental Pollution 2021, 280, 116965 .
AMA StyleMengmeng Zou, Shenglu Zhou, Yujie Zhou, Zhenyi Jia, Tianwei Guo, Junxiao Wang. Cadmium pollution of soil-rice ecosystems in rice cultivation dominated regions in China: A review. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 280 ():116965.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMengmeng Zou; Shenglu Zhou; Yujie Zhou; Zhenyi Jia; Tianwei Guo; Junxiao Wang. 2021. "Cadmium pollution of soil-rice ecosystems in rice cultivation dominated regions in China: A review." Environmental Pollution 280, no. : 116965.
Elemental carbon (EC) is a chemically heterogeneous class of carbonaceous particles—including char, soot, coke, charcoal, and others—that form by incomplete fossil fuel and biomass combustion. Many previous studies indicate that EC has a better correlation with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) distribution in urban soils than total organic carbon (TOC). Nevertheless, the correlation between EC components and PAHs in developed regions is still not clear. Accordingly, we explored the concentrations, sources, and correlations of EC components with PAHs in soils from different areas of the Yangtze River Delta region, China. The results showed that soil EC and PAH levels were higher in Nanjing (high urbanization) than in Dingshu or Lujia (lower urbanization), yet TOC exhibited the opposite trend with respect to PAH levels. The main sources of both EC and PAHs were fossil fuel and biomass combustion, but there were differences between the study areas. The ∑16PAHs concentration was strongly associated with char-EC and soot-EC levels in Nanjing (P < 0.01), yet was only strongly associated with char-EC level in Dingshu (P < 0.01). We found no significant correlations between the concentrations of PAHs and any carbon component in Lujia (P > 0.05), mainly due to the relatively low EC and PAH levels in these rural samples. Based on our results, we built quantitative equations that describe the relationships between the concentrations of PAHs and specific carbon types. Moreover, we also constructed a quantitative relationship model of soil PAH distribution association with urbanization indicators, soil properties, and other factors. Our findings will help researchers deeply understand the formation mechanism of PAHs in urban soils.
Chunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou; Junhong Tang; Yan Li; Huanxuan Li; Jia Du; Shaodan Xu; Qinwei Zhou; Zeyu Xu; Shaohua Wu. Elemental carbon components and PAHs in soils from different areas of the Yangtze River Delta region, China and their relationship. CATENA 2020, 199, 105086 .
AMA StyleChunhui Wang, Shenglu Zhou, Junhong Tang, Yan Li, Huanxuan Li, Jia Du, Shaodan Xu, Qinwei Zhou, Zeyu Xu, Shaohua Wu. Elemental carbon components and PAHs in soils from different areas of the Yangtze River Delta region, China and their relationship. CATENA. 2020; 199 ():105086.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou; Junhong Tang; Yan Li; Huanxuan Li; Jia Du; Shaodan Xu; Qinwei Zhou; Zeyu Xu; Shaohua Wu. 2020. "Elemental carbon components and PAHs in soils from different areas of the Yangtze River Delta region, China and their relationship." CATENA 199, no. : 105086.
The global prevalence of microplastics (MPs) poses a potential threat and unpredictable risk to the function and health of environmental systems. However, the research progress of soil MPs is restricted by the inherent technical inconformity and difficulties in analyzing particles in complex matrices. Here, we reviewed a selection of papers and then extrapolated a tentative standardized method for such analyses. The multiple sources of soil MPs in soil need to be quantified. Global monitoring data of soil MPs is far from sufficient. The interaction between MPs and different properties and environmental factors controls the migration and retention of MPs in soil. The migration behavior and key mechanisms of MPs in real-world environments remain to be determined. The presence of MPs threatens soil microbial-plant-animal ecosystem function and health, and may enter the human body through the food chain, although the extent of these hazards is currently debated. In particular, attention should be paid to the potential transport and ecotoxicological mechanisms of contaminants derived and adsorptive from MPs and of harmful microorganisms (such as pathogens) attached as biofilms. Although there exist preliminary studies on soil MPs, it is urgent to consider the diversity of MPs as a suite of contaminants and to systematically understand the sources, flux and effects of these artificial pollutants in time and space from the perspective of plastic environmental cycle. More comprehensive quantification of their environmental fate is undertaken to identify risks to global human and ecological systems. From the perspective of controlling soil MP pollution, the responsibility assignment of government manage-producer-consumer system and the strategy of remediation should be implemented. This review is helpful for providing an important roadmap and inspiration for the research methods and framework of soil MPs and facilitates the development of waste management and remediation strategies for regional soil MP contamination.
Yujie Zhou; Junxiao Wang; Mengmeng Zou; Zhenyi Jia; Shenglu Zhou; Yan Li. Microplastics in soils: A review of methods, occurrence, fate, transport, ecological and environmental risks. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 748, 141368 .
AMA StyleYujie Zhou, Junxiao Wang, Mengmeng Zou, Zhenyi Jia, Shenglu Zhou, Yan Li. Microplastics in soils: A review of methods, occurrence, fate, transport, ecological and environmental risks. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 748 ():141368.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYujie Zhou; Junxiao Wang; Mengmeng Zou; Zhenyi Jia; Shenglu Zhou; Yan Li. 2020. "Microplastics in soils: A review of methods, occurrence, fate, transport, ecological and environmental risks." Science of The Total Environment 748, no. : 141368.
The lack of linear correlation between regional soil and rice heavy metal (HM) content aggravates the difficulty of risk management in farmland. Hence, an effective HM contamination risk control strategy is urgently required for rice paddy. Here, a novel integrated spatial interaction and risk identification methodology was proposed. Bivariate local indicators of spatial association (BL-LISA) was used to analyze the spatial interaction between soil and rice HM. The mechanism of the spatial interaction pattern was elucidated with lead isotope ratios and redundancy analysis. The rice HM risk was predicted via a Bayesian decision tree (BDT). The spatial interaction patterns were mainly High-Low and Low-High. Thus, there was antagonism between soil and rice HM. Emission sources and sinks accounted for the observed spatial interaction patterns. The parent material contributed 69% to the soil HM content but only 10.2% to that of rice. Seven risk rules and 13 security rules were identified by BDT. The risk identification accuracy of these rules was 96.8% for the overall sample. BL-LISA mapping was combined with BDT to demarcate and classify the risk zones and project differentiated and refined management modes. The risk, potential risk and clean zones comprised 7.8%, 14.1% and 46.6% of the farmland, respectively. The integrated method was superior to other traditional techniques in terms of farm HM risk management and may enhance decision-making in HM risk management for soil-rice system.
Zhenyi Jia; Junxiao Wang; Baojie Li; Yan Li; Yujie Zhou; Guijie Tong; Daohao Yan; Shenglu Zhou. An integrated methodology for improving heavy metal risk management in soil-rice system. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 273, 122797 .
AMA StyleZhenyi Jia, Junxiao Wang, Baojie Li, Yan Li, Yujie Zhou, Guijie Tong, Daohao Yan, Shenglu Zhou. An integrated methodology for improving heavy metal risk management in soil-rice system. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 273 ():122797.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhenyi Jia; Junxiao Wang; Baojie Li; Yan Li; Yujie Zhou; Guijie Tong; Daohao Yan; Shenglu Zhou. 2020. "An integrated methodology for improving heavy metal risk management in soil-rice system." Journal of Cleaner Production 273, no. : 122797.
In this study, we collected samples of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), one of the most developed regions in China, during four seasons, from June 2017 to May 2018. We identified the spatiotemporal distribution of PAHs in YRD, and analyzed the factors (source contribution, meteorological conditions, and backward trajectory) influencing these concentrations. First, our results showed that the average PAH concentration was 41.46 ± 15.57 ng/m3 in YRD, and was highest in Jiangsu (44.47 ± 11.37 ng/m3). The concentration of PAHs has decreased since 2001. The relatively balanced development of urban and rural areas in the YRD has resulted in a relatively low ratio (∼1.12) of PAHs between urban and rural areas. The PAH level in YRD was highest in winter (52.21 ± 14.70 ng/m3) and lowest in summer (31.23 ± 12.88 ng/m3). Second, principal component and multivariate linear regression analyses (PCA-MLR) were used to identify three main PAH sources: vehicle emissions (52.83%), coke ovens and volatilization (23.67%), and coal and biomass combustion (23.51%). The seasonal variations in the PAH source contribution were mainly attributed to seasonal differences in the amounts of coal and biomass burned, the prevailing wind direction, and traffic control in winter. Third, we found that the PAH concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with the temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity throughout the year. Finally, backward trajectory analysis indicated that the PAHs in YRD were significantly affected by air masses from northern China, particularly during winter. The results of this study suggest that enforcing stricter controls on coal and biomass combustion in northern China, improving the fuel quality of vehicles, increasing the proportion of gas/electric vehicles, and strengthening the joint control of air pollution could further reduce the PAH concentrations in China. The analysis conducted in this study will help develop pollution control strategies to reduce lung cancer risk for the whole YRD region.
Baojie Li; Shenglu Zhou; Teng Wang; Yujie Zhou; Liang Ge; Hong Liao. Spatio-temporal distribution and influencing factors of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 267, 122049 .
AMA StyleBaojie Li, Shenglu Zhou, Teng Wang, Yujie Zhou, Liang Ge, Hong Liao. Spatio-temporal distribution and influencing factors of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 267 ():122049.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaojie Li; Shenglu Zhou; Teng Wang; Yujie Zhou; Liang Ge; Hong Liao. 2020. "Spatio-temporal distribution and influencing factors of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta." Journal of Cleaner Production 267, no. : 122049.
Urbanization is an important driving force for the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils. Research on factors affecting PAH distribution in urban soils has focused on analyses of statistical relationships, and quantitative models are not available in the literature. Accordingly, we chose the urban area of Nanjing (high urbanization), and Dingshu (low urbanization), and then comprehensively utilized soil sample test analyses, multivariate statistics, and other technical means to (1) study the concentration and sources of PAHs in urban soils, and (2) identify the main controlling factors that affect urban soil PAH distribution. We found that the population density and black carbon (BC) components were the critical factors of soil PAH distribution in Nanjing, yet BC components and leaf area index in Dingshu. We then constructed a quantitative relationship model of urban soil PAH distribution in different levels of urbanization. Using this model, we conducted a preliminary analysis of the formation mechanism of urban soil PAHs under different urbanization levels. This research provides a basis for finely controlling regional urban soil PAH pollution.
Chunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou; Jing Song; Junhong Tang; Shaohua Wu. Formation mechanism of soil PAH distribution: High and low urbanization. Geoderma 2020, 367, 114271 .
AMA StyleChunhui Wang, Shenglu Zhou, Jing Song, Junhong Tang, Shaohua Wu. Formation mechanism of soil PAH distribution: High and low urbanization. Geoderma. 2020; 367 ():114271.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou; Jing Song; Junhong Tang; Shaohua Wu. 2020. "Formation mechanism of soil PAH distribution: High and low urbanization." Geoderma 367, no. : 114271.
Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans. However, little is known about PAH exposure to people living in urban and suburban areas through comparative studies. Some studies have indicated that human hair can be used as a noninvasive biomarker of PAH exposure. Therefore, we collected hair samples from 66 volunteers from Nanjing and Ningbo, China, to detect PAH concentrations in this work. The highest levels in the hair samples were found in phenanthrene > anthracene > naphthalene among the parent PAHs. Sixteen parent PAHs showed higher concentrations in the samples from Nanjing than in the samples from Ningbo. Significantly higher levels of some PAHs were observed in male hair than in female hair in Nanjing, and in hair from smokers than in hair from non-smokers in both Nanjing and Ningbo. In addition, there was a significant effect of the age on the concentration of low-molecular-weight PAHs and ∑PAHs in human hair in both Nanjing and Ningbo. Studying the inter-chemical associations between these PAHs indicated similarities and differences between Nanjing and Ningbo.
Chunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou; Shaohua Wu; Junhong Tang; Huanxuan Li; Jia Du. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in people living in urban and rural areas as revealed by hair analysis. Chemosphere 2019, 246, 125764 .
AMA StyleChunhui Wang, Shenglu Zhou, Shaohua Wu, Junhong Tang, Huanxuan Li, Jia Du. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in people living in urban and rural areas as revealed by hair analysis. Chemosphere. 2019; 246 ():125764.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou; Shaohua Wu; Junhong Tang; Huanxuan Li; Jia Du. 2019. "Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in people living in urban and rural areas as revealed by hair analysis." Chemosphere 246, no. : 125764.
Southwestern China contains the largest and most well-developed karst region in the world, and the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) content in the soils of the region is remarkably high. To explore the internal and external control factors and sources of soil PTEs enrichment in this area and to provide a basis for the treatment of PTE pollution, 113 soil samples were collected from Hengxian County, a karst region in Guangxi Province, southwestern China. The importance of eighteen influencing factors including parent material, weathering, physicochemical properties, topography and human activities were quantitatively analyzed by (partial) redundancy analysis. The sources of PTEs were identified using the Pb isotope ratio and absolute principal component score/multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model. The contents of all soil PTEs were higher than the corresponding background values of Guangxi soils. The contents in Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb were the highest in the soil from carbonate rock. The factor group of geological background and weathering explained 26.5% for the accumulation and distribution of soil PTEs and the influence of physicochemical properties was less than 2% but increased to 25.6% through interaction with weathering. Fe (47.1%), Al (42.1%), Mn (22%), chemical index of alteration (12.8%), clay (11.9%) were the key factors affecting the soil PTEs, while the influence of human activities was weak. Pb isotope ratio and APCS-MLR classified 62.8–74% of soil PTEs as derived from natural sources, whereas 18.23% and 18.95% were derived from industrial activities and agricultural practice/traffic emissions, respectively. The Pb isotope ratio showed that the natural sources account for up to 90% of the Pb in the soil from carbonate rock, the highest contribution among the studied soils. The results of the study can provide background information on the soil PTEs contamination in the karst areas of China and other areas worldwide.
Zhenyi Jia; Junxiao Wang; Xiaodan Zhou; Yujie Zhou; Yan Li; Baojie Li; Shenglu Zhou. Identification of the sources and influencing factors of potentially toxic elements accumulation in the soil from a typical karst region in Guangxi, Southwest China. Environmental Pollution 2019, 256, 113505 .
AMA StyleZhenyi Jia, Junxiao Wang, Xiaodan Zhou, Yujie Zhou, Yan Li, Baojie Li, Shenglu Zhou. Identification of the sources and influencing factors of potentially toxic elements accumulation in the soil from a typical karst region in Guangxi, Southwest China. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 256 ():113505.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhenyi Jia; Junxiao Wang; Xiaodan Zhou; Yujie Zhou; Yan Li; Baojie Li; Shenglu Zhou. 2019. "Identification of the sources and influencing factors of potentially toxic elements accumulation in the soil from a typical karst region in Guangxi, Southwest China." Environmental Pollution 256, no. : 113505.
This study investigated ecological and human-health risks associated with heavy-metal pollution arising from deposition in the Lihe River region of eastern China. Ecological risk assessment was based on the geoaccumulation index and health risk using a US Environmental Protection Agency health risk assessment model. Pollution source contributions were assessed through enrichment factors, positive matrix factor analysis, and Pb isotopic analyses. Mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn measured in deposited particulates were 8.842, 79.92, 150.3, 46.86, 231.7 and 1920 mg kg−1, respectively. Deposition fluxes of these six heavy metals were 0.6, 6.0, 10.9, 3.3, 16.4, and 157 mg m−2 a−1, respectively. The order of ecological risk was Cd > Zn ≈ Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr. Ingestion is the main pathway of human exposure, however hazard quotient and hazard index values of the heavy metals studied were <1, indicating little or minimal risk to human health. The contributions to atmospheric deposition of coal-fired industries were Cd 82.4%, Cu 51.9%, Ni 51.2%, and Pb 68.3%. Zn was derived mainly from vehicular emissions (75.7%), and Cr concentrations (66.3%) were controlled mainly by natural sources. The qualitative and quantitative methods employed here resulted in improved accuracy of source apportionment. The results provide insights into the management of heavy-metal pollution in atmospheric deposition and serve as a reference for other regions of China.
Lian Chen; Shenglu Zhou; Shaohua Wu; Chunhui Wang; Di He. Concentration, fluxes, risks, and sources of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition in the Lihe River watershed, Taihu region, eastern China. Environmental Pollution 2019, 255, 113301 .
AMA StyleLian Chen, Shenglu Zhou, Shaohua Wu, Chunhui Wang, Di He. Concentration, fluxes, risks, and sources of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition in the Lihe River watershed, Taihu region, eastern China. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 255 ():113301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLian Chen; Shenglu Zhou; Shaohua Wu; Chunhui Wang; Di He. 2019. "Concentration, fluxes, risks, and sources of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition in the Lihe River watershed, Taihu region, eastern China." Environmental Pollution 255, no. : 113301.
Concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc in agricultural soils at 32 sites in the Lihe River Watershed of the Taihu region, East China, and their potential ecological risks and possible sources were investigated. Enrichment factor analysis demonstrated enrichment in the order Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr. The potential ecological risk index and risk assessment code analyses indicated that, of the metals studied, Cd posed the most significant ecological risk in the study area. Statistical analyses, GIS mapping, and enrichment factor analysis suggested that Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were derived mainly from anthropogenic sources, including agricultural, industrial, and vehicular emissions, while Cr and Ni were mainly from natural sources. Positive matrix factorization revealed that Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were sourced from industrial and vehicular emissions (73.7%, 21.3%, 71.4%, 20.3%, 75.0%, and 62.2%, respectively), the agricultural sector (26.3%, 36.3%, 6.8%, 38.9%, 15.7%, and 6.9%, respectively), and parent materials (0%, 42.4%, 21.8%, 40.8%, 9.2%, and 30.9%, respectively). It was recommended that strategies be implemented to reduce industrial point-source pollution.
Lian Chen; Genmei Wang; Shaohua Wu; Zhen Xia; Zhenang Cui; Chunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou. Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 2094 .
AMA StyleLian Chen, Genmei Wang, Shaohua Wu, Zhen Xia, Zhenang Cui, Chunhui Wang, Shenglu Zhou. Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (12):2094.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLian Chen; Genmei Wang; Shaohua Wu; Zhen Xia; Zhenang Cui; Chunhui Wang; Shenglu Zhou. 2019. "Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 12: 2094.
The adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by components such as elemental carbon (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), and particles is different, and EC and PAHs are good materials for reconstructing historical human activity patterns and pollution conditions. In this study, the effects of EC (soot and char), TOC and particles of different grain size on PAHs in surface sediments were quantitatively analysed, and their historical concentrations in a sediment core from western Taihu Lake were reconstructed. The contents of soot, TOC, clay, EC and char explained 57.2%, 27.6%, 26.0%, 24.0% and 16.4%, respectively, of the PAH concentrations in surface sediments. The correlation between the soot and PAH levels was significantly higher than that between the char, TOC, and clay contents and PAH levels, and PAHs were mainly affected by the local economic development and human activity, as indicated by metrics of population, highway mileage, coal burning, and industrial output. With the development of the economy of the Taihu Lake Basin, the composition of PAHs in the sediments has changed: the proportion of low-molecular-weight PAHs decreased from 42.4% to 17.5%, and that of high-molecular-weight PAHs increased from 58.7% to 82.5%. The concentration of PAHs in pore water from Taihu Lake over the past 100 years was reconstructed and ranged from 43.1 to 961.2 μg L−1, with an average of 180.7 μg L−1. After China's reform and opening up, the concentrations of various PAHs in Taihu Lake changed from safe to chronic pollution levels. The ratios of lead (Pb) isotopes and the diagnostic ratios of PAHs showed that the main sources of PAHs in western Taihu Lake sediments were human activities such as coal and petroleum combustion.
Yan Li; Genmei Wang; Junxiao Wang; Zhenyi Jia; Yujie Zhou; Chunhui Wang; Yanyan Li; Shenglu Zhou. Determination of influencing factors on historical concentration variations of PAHs in West Taihu Lake, China. Environmental Pollution 2019, 249, 573 -580.
AMA StyleYan Li, Genmei Wang, Junxiao Wang, Zhenyi Jia, Yujie Zhou, Chunhui Wang, Yanyan Li, Shenglu Zhou. Determination of influencing factors on historical concentration variations of PAHs in West Taihu Lake, China. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 249 ():573-580.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Li; Genmei Wang; Junxiao Wang; Zhenyi Jia; Yujie Zhou; Chunhui Wang; Yanyan Li; Shenglu Zhou. 2019. "Determination of influencing factors on historical concentration variations of PAHs in West Taihu Lake, China." Environmental Pollution 249, no. : 573-580.
Landscape urbanization and intensive agriculture dramatically alter stream ecosystems, but it is little known how urban and agriculture land use change the quantity, quality and ultimate fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in stream ecosystems via nonpoint source pathways. Size-exclusion chromatography with fluorescence excitation-emission matrices, as well as absorbance and lignin biomarkers were applied to investigate the characteristics and microbial fate of DOM in 15 first-order agricultural, urban and forest headwater streams in Taihu Lake Watershed, a subtropical region of SE China. Results showed that both urban and agricultural land cover increased the amount of dissolved organic matter (DOC) with a lower C/N ratio, and that the majority of DOC was bound to terrestrial humic-like substances. Compared to forest-impacted headwater streams, the aromaticity and molecularity of OM were greatly decreased as the amounts of anthropogenic/aquagenic fulvic acid-like and protein-like DOM enriched in urban streams, and that of microbially soil-derived humic-like DOM and low molecular-weight substances (e.g., neutrals and acids) increased in agricultural streams, respectively. Human-influenced land use also influenced the seasonal variability of stream DOM biogeochemistry. Natural watersheds produced high DOC specific loads and concentrations only in the rainy season (high-flow period). Agricultural streams contributed a higher amount of terrestrial humic-like and protein-like fractions and urbanized watersheds had high values of autochthonous protein-like fractions only. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that DOM quality (explainable variables: molecular source, 43.29%; molecular-weight, 29.74%) were the most prominent factor impacting microbial carbon processing, followed by inorganic nutrients (17.29%). A higher proportion of DOM from urban streams was eventually mineralized to carbon dioxide mainly due to the inefficient utilization of humic and nonhumic (e.g., protein, polysaccharides and lignin) substances as well as higher levels of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, whereas a significant fraction of DOM from agricultural and forest streams tended to enter microbial production and the recalcitrant-DOM pool due to the presence of less labile substrates. Our findings indicate that differences in stream-DOM and environmental properties due to urbanization and farming practices may influence stream microbial carbon processing and cause bottom-up changes in the fate of organic carbon moving through freshwater ecosystems.
Zhipeng Wu; Weidong Wu; Chen Lin; Shenglu Zhou; Junfeng Xiong. Deciphering the origins, composition and microbial fate of dissolved organic matter in agro-urban headwater streams. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 659, 1484 -1495.
AMA StyleZhipeng Wu, Weidong Wu, Chen Lin, Shenglu Zhou, Junfeng Xiong. Deciphering the origins, composition and microbial fate of dissolved organic matter in agro-urban headwater streams. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 659 ():1484-1495.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhipeng Wu; Weidong Wu; Chen Lin; Shenglu Zhou; Junfeng Xiong. 2018. "Deciphering the origins, composition and microbial fate of dissolved organic matter in agro-urban headwater streams." Science of The Total Environment 659, no. : 1484-1495.
In order to quantitatively study the effect of environmental protection in China since the twenty-first century and the environmental pollution projected for the next ten years (under the model of extensive economic development), this paper establishes a Bayesian regulation back propagation neural network (BRBPNN) to analyze the typical pollutants (i.e., cadmium (Cd) and benzopyrene (BaP)) for Taihu Lake, a typical Chinese freshwater lake. For the periods 1950–2003 and 1950–2015, the neural network model estimated the BaP concentration for the database with Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NS) = 0.99 and 0.99 and root-mean-square error (RMSE) = 3.1 and 9.3 for the total database and the Cd concentration for the database with NS = 0.93 and 0.98 and RMSE = 45.4 and 65.7 for the total database, respectively. In the model of extensive economic development, the concentration of pollutants in the sediments of Taihu reached the maximum value at the end of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century, and there was an inflection point. After the early twenty-first century, the concentration of pollutants was controlled under various environmental policies and measures. In 2015, the environmental protection ratio of Cd and BaP reached 52% and 89%, respectively. Without environmental protection measures, the concentrations of Cd and BaP obtained from the neural network model is projected to reach 2015.5 μg kg−1 and 407.8 ng g−1, respectively, in 2030. Based on the results of this study, the Chinese government will need to invest more money and energy to clean up the environment.
Yan Li; Shenglu Zhou; Zhenyi Jia; Liang Ge; Liping Mei; Xueyan Sui; Xiaorui Wang; Baojie Li; Junxiao Wang; Shaohua Wu. Influence of Industrialization and Environmental Protection on Environmental Pollution: A Case Study of Taihu Lake, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2628 .
AMA StyleYan Li, Shenglu Zhou, Zhenyi Jia, Liang Ge, Liping Mei, Xueyan Sui, Xiaorui Wang, Baojie Li, Junxiao Wang, Shaohua Wu. Influence of Industrialization and Environmental Protection on Environmental Pollution: A Case Study of Taihu Lake, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (12):2628.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Li; Shenglu Zhou; Zhenyi Jia; Liang Ge; Liping Mei; Xueyan Sui; Xiaorui Wang; Baojie Li; Junxiao Wang; Shaohua Wu. 2018. "Influence of Industrialization and Environmental Protection on Environmental Pollution: A Case Study of Taihu Lake, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12: 2628.
An improved gridded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission inventory for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region from 2001 to 2015 was developed using satellite data. Despite rapid increases in energy consumption, the annual total emissions of the 16 PAHs showed overall decreasing trends, from a maximum of 5445 t in 2001 to a minimum of 2619 t in 2015, with the largest decline (84.6%) observed in the residential sector. Different spatial allocation methods used in gridded PAH emission inventories have substantial influences on the distributions of PAHs; therefore, we improved the accuracy of the spatial allocation of industrial and open biomass burning PAH emissions using various satellite data. The gridded secondary and tertiary industrial GDP (GDP23) calculated using corrected nighttime light data was the best spatial proxy for the spatial allocation of industrial PAH emissions in the YRD region. We generated a gridded burned area for 2001–2015 by coupling the MCD64A1 and MCD14ML fire products, which was used to allocate PAH emissions from open biomass burning. Finally, we found that changes in the spatial distribution of PAH emissions were mainly driven by energy consumption and degree of technological advancement in different regions during 2001–2015.
Baojie Li; Shenglu Zhou; Teng Wang; Xueyan Sui; Zhenyi Jia; Yan Li; Junxiao Wang; Shaohua Wu. An improved gridded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission inventory for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta region from 2001 to 2015 using satellite data. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2018, 360, 329 -339.
AMA StyleBaojie Li, Shenglu Zhou, Teng Wang, Xueyan Sui, Zhenyi Jia, Yan Li, Junxiao Wang, Shaohua Wu. An improved gridded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission inventory for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta region from 2001 to 2015 using satellite data. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2018; 360 ():329-339.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaojie Li; Shenglu Zhou; Teng Wang; Xueyan Sui; Zhenyi Jia; Yan Li; Junxiao Wang; Shaohua Wu. 2018. "An improved gridded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission inventory for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta region from 2001 to 2015 using satellite data." Journal of Hazardous Materials 360, no. : 329-339.
Analysis of sediment grain sizes and heavy metal correlations in the western part of Lake Taihu shows that the grain size of the sediment is stable as a whole. With increasing depth, the grain size tends to decrease. Heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Pd and Sr are strongly correlated and influence each other. Based on the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, this study classified the origin of heavy metals in the sediments of western Lake Taihu into three major categories: Agricultural, industrial and geogenic. The contributions of the three heavy metal sources in each sample were analyzed and calculated. Overall, prior to the Chinese economic reform, the study area mainly practiced agriculture. The sources of heavy metals in the sediments were mostly of agricultural and geogenic origin, and remained relatively stable with contribution rates of 44.07 ± 11.84% (n = 30) and 35.67 ± 11.70% (n = 30), respectively. After the reform and opening up of China, as the economy experienced rapid development, industry and agriculture became the main sources of heavy metals in sediments, accounting for 56.99 ± 15.73% (n = 15) and 31.22 ± 14.31% (n = 15), respectively. The PMF model is convenient and efficient, and a good method to determine the origin of heavy metals in sediments.
Yan Li; Liping Mei; Shenglu Zhou; Zhenyi Jia; Junxiao Wang; Baojie Li; Chunhui Wang; Shaohua Wu. Analysis of Historical Sources of Heavy Metals in Lake Taihu Based on the Positive Matrix Factorization Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1540 .
AMA StyleYan Li, Liping Mei, Shenglu Zhou, Zhenyi Jia, Junxiao Wang, Baojie Li, Chunhui Wang, Shaohua Wu. Analysis of Historical Sources of Heavy Metals in Lake Taihu Based on the Positive Matrix Factorization Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (7):1540.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Li; Liping Mei; Shenglu Zhou; Zhenyi Jia; Junxiao Wang; Baojie Li; Chunhui Wang; Shaohua Wu. 2018. "Analysis of Historical Sources of Heavy Metals in Lake Taihu Based on the Positive Matrix Factorization Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 7: 1540.
Multiple studies have evaluated the concentration and lung cancer risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the monitoring and dynamic modeling of PAHs with a high resolution were relatively insufficient. We investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of gaseous PAH concentrations using passive air samplers with high sampling density in an industrial city of Nanjing, China (January and October 2015) and found that the gaseous PAH concentrations in western Nanjing were higher than those in eastern Nanjing, mainly because of emission source distribution and wind action. There were notable seasonal changes in PAH concentrations: winter > autumn > spring > summer. We developed an atmospheric PAH dynamic model with a high resolution of 1 km2 based on the advection–diffusion equation and coupled with an emissions inventory and atmospheric transportation processes. Acenaphthene was selected as a proxy for gaseous PAHs. The modeled acenaphthene concentrations were similar to the concentrations measured. Moreover, we used the model to identify the impact of meteorological factors on gaseous PAHs via scenario analysis and found that a narrow-range temperature change and even heavy rainfall may not significantly affect atmospheric gaseous PAH concentrations, whereas the wind played an important part in transferring PAHs and changing their geographic distribution.
Baojie Li; Shaohua Wu; Shenglu Zhou; Teng Wang; Chunhui Wang. Spatiotemporal distribution and dynamic modeling of atmospheric gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a rapidly urbanizing city: Nanjing, China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 2018, 40, 2603 -2616.
AMA StyleBaojie Li, Shaohua Wu, Shenglu Zhou, Teng Wang, Chunhui Wang. Spatiotemporal distribution and dynamic modeling of atmospheric gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a rapidly urbanizing city: Nanjing, China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 2018; 40 (6):2603-2616.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaojie Li; Shaohua Wu; Shenglu Zhou; Teng Wang; Chunhui Wang. 2018. "Spatiotemporal distribution and dynamic modeling of atmospheric gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a rapidly urbanizing city: Nanjing, China." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 40, no. 6: 2603-2616.
Long-term trends of sediment compositions are important for assessing the impact of human activities on the sediment and protecting the sediment environment. In this study, based on the contents of heavy metals and the Pb isotope ratios in lake sediments, atmospheric dustfall and soil in Yixing, China, the representative heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd) in lake sediments from western Taihu Lake were studied. The evolution history of heavy metals in the local environment was constructed for the past 100 years. From 1892 to the 1990s, the anthropogenic fluxes of the representative heavy metals were negligible, indicating minimal anthropogenic emissions of heavy metals. Since the 1990s, anthropogenic fluxes of the representative heavy metals began to increase, concurrent with the economic growth and development in the western Taihu Lake Basin after the Chinese economic reform. The maximum flux percentage of the heavy metals in the sediments, caused by human activities, is 23.0% for Zn, 31.6% for Pb, 39.5% for Cr and 85.3% for Cd, indicating that most of the Cd comes from human activities. The Cd content in the western Taihu Lake Basin was significantly higher than that in the other areas, and the rapid development of the industry in the western Taihu Lake Basin and ceramics in Yixing led to the enrichment of heavy metals in local sediments. Since the 21st century, measures have been taken to control the pollution of heavy metals, including the increase in local government attention and the deployment of environmental monitoring technology. However, heavy metal content remains high, and the Pb content is still increasing. The ratios of Pb isotopes show that the main sources of heavy metals in the western Taihu Lake sediments, the local soil of Yixing and the atmospheric dustfall are coal combustion, leaded gasoline combustion, industrial wastewater and domestic sewage.
Yan Li; Shenglu Zhou; Qing Zhu; Baojie Li; Junxiao Wang; Chunhui Wang; Lian Chen; Shaohua Wu. One-century sedimentary record of heavy metal pollution in western Taihu Lake, China. Environmental Pollution 2018, 240, 709 -716.
AMA StyleYan Li, Shenglu Zhou, Qing Zhu, Baojie Li, Junxiao Wang, Chunhui Wang, Lian Chen, Shaohua Wu. One-century sedimentary record of heavy metal pollution in western Taihu Lake, China. Environmental Pollution. 2018; 240 ():709-716.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Li; Shenglu Zhou; Qing Zhu; Baojie Li; Junxiao Wang; Chunhui Wang; Lian Chen; Shaohua Wu. 2018. "One-century sedimentary record of heavy metal pollution in western Taihu Lake, China." Environmental Pollution 240, no. : 709-716.