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Maurizio Carotenuto
Department of Chemical and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy

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Journal article
Published: 11 April 2021 in Water
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The removal of contaminants of emerging concern from urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) remains a challenge to promote safe wastewater reuse practices. Macrolides are the most abundant antibiotics detected in untreated wastewater and their concentration in WWTPs effluents is only partially reduced by conventional treatments. Among several advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), photocatalysis has demonstrated the capability to effectively remove pharmaceuticals from different aqueous matrices. Recently, ZnO has emerged as an efficient, promising, and less expensive alternative to TiO2, due to its photocatalytic capability and attitude to exploit better the solar spectrum than TiO2. In this study, the behaviors of ZnO photocatalysis were evaluated using a representative macrolide antibiotic, spiramycin (SPY), in aqueous solutions and urban wastewater. After 80 min of photocatalysis, 95–99% removal of SPY was achieved at 1 g L−1 ZnO concentrations in aqueous solutions and wastewater, respectively. After treatment, the effluent toxicity, evaluated using the bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri, the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata, and the crustacean Daphnia magna ranged between slight acute and high acute hazard. Filterable and ultrafilterable Zn concentrations were quantified in treated effluents and shown to be high enough to contribute to the observed toxicity.

ACS Style

Davide Vignati; Giusy Lofrano; Giovanni Libralato; Marco Guida; Antonietta Siciliano; Federica Carraturo; Maurizio Carotenuto. Photocatalytic ZnO-Assisted Degradation of Spiramycin in Urban Wastewater: Degradation Kinetics and Toxicity. Water 2021, 13, 1051 .

AMA Style

Davide Vignati, Giusy Lofrano, Giovanni Libralato, Marco Guida, Antonietta Siciliano, Federica Carraturo, Maurizio Carotenuto. Photocatalytic ZnO-Assisted Degradation of Spiramycin in Urban Wastewater: Degradation Kinetics and Toxicity. Water. 2021; 13 (8):1051.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Davide Vignati; Giusy Lofrano; Giovanni Libralato; Marco Guida; Antonietta Siciliano; Federica Carraturo; Maurizio Carotenuto. 2021. "Photocatalytic ZnO-Assisted Degradation of Spiramycin in Urban Wastewater: Degradation Kinetics and Toxicity." Water 13, no. 8: 1051.

Journal article
Published: 22 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Conventional fertilization practices in agroecosystems concern the supply of bioavailable nutrients, such as mineral fertilizers. A consolidated alternative to restoring the long-term fertility of agricultural soils is their amendment with organic fertilizers. Soil amendment with biowaste compost or sewage sludge represents a sustainable strategy to avoid the landfilling of organic matter derived from urban waste and sewage sludge. This study aims at validating the use of quality biowaste compost and sewage sludge from secondary sedimentation (alone or in combination with mineral fertilizers) in a Mediterranean agroecosystem and their effects on soil chemical and biological quality, with a view to verifying the maintenance of soil fertility and functionality. In particular, the dynamics of soil organic matter, pH, potentially toxic elements and microbial community functionality were assessed, in experimental mesocosms, during 6 months of incubation. The research showed that, while soil amendment with biowaste compost induces positive effects on soil organic matter and phosphorous concentrations, as well as on microbial community functionality, the amendment with the selected sewage sludge does not determine any benefit to the microbial community or any danger in relation to soil potentially toxic element concentrations and toxicity. The quantity of sewage sludge employed, chosen according to regional directives, was thus not enough to stimulate the edaphic microflora activity.

ACS Style

Enrica Picariello; Luca Pucci; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Giusy Lofrano; Daniela Baldantoni. Compost and Sewage Sludge for the Improvement of Soil Chemical and Biological Quality of Mediterranean Agroecosystems. Sustainability 2020, 13, 26 .

AMA Style

Enrica Picariello, Luca Pucci, Maurizio Carotenuto, Giovanni Libralato, Giusy Lofrano, Daniela Baldantoni. Compost and Sewage Sludge for the Improvement of Soil Chemical and Biological Quality of Mediterranean Agroecosystems. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):26.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Enrica Picariello; Luca Pucci; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Giusy Lofrano; Daniela Baldantoni. 2020. "Compost and Sewage Sludge for the Improvement of Soil Chemical and Biological Quality of Mediterranean Agroecosystems." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 26.

Review
Published: 07 April 2020 in Sustainability
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Analytical models for the simulation of contaminants’ fate and transport in the unsaturated zone are used in many engineering applications concerning groundwater resource management and risk assessment. As a consequence, several scientific studies dealing with the development and application of analytical solutions have been carried out. Six models have been selected and compared based on common characteristics to identify pros and cons as well as to highlight any difference in the final output. The analyzed models have been clustered into three groups according to the assumptions on contaminant source and physico-chemical mechanisms occurring during the transport. Comparative simulations were carried out with five target contaminants (Benzene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Vinyl Chloride, Trichloroethylene and Aldrin) with different decay’s coefficient, three types of soil (sand, loam and clay) and three different thicknesses of the contaminant source. The calculated concentration at a given depth in the soil for the same contamination scenario varied greatly among the models. A significant variability of the concentrations was shown due to the variation of contaminant and soil characteristics. As a general finding, the more advanced is the model, the lower the predicted concentrations; thus, models that are too simplified could lead to outcomes of some orders of magnitude greater than the advanced one.

ACS Style

Maria Grazia Stoppiello; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giacomo Viccione; Claudio Guarnaccia; Leonardo Cascini. A Comparative Assessment of Analytical Fate and Transport Models of Organic Contaminants in Unsaturated Soils. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2949 .

AMA Style

Maria Grazia Stoppiello, Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto, Giacomo Viccione, Claudio Guarnaccia, Leonardo Cascini. A Comparative Assessment of Analytical Fate and Transport Models of Organic Contaminants in Unsaturated Soils. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2949.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maria Grazia Stoppiello; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giacomo Viccione; Claudio Guarnaccia; Leonardo Cascini. 2020. "A Comparative Assessment of Analytical Fate and Transport Models of Organic Contaminants in Unsaturated Soils." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2949.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2019 in Process Safety and Environmental Protection
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Nonylphenol ethoxylated (NPEOs) nonionic surfactants have been increasingly used in different industrial, commercial and domestic applications. Unfortunately, they are classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (and also considered as contaminants of emerging concern) having adverse effects on animal and human reproduction. The treatment of nonylphenol-decaethoxylated (NP-10) via H2O2/UV-C process at different reaction times (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 min) and H2O2 concentrations was investigated. After 80 min treatment the removal rates of NP-10 solution (initial concentration 100 mg/L) in deionized water were 88%, 97% and 98% for 10, 20 and 100 mg/L of H2O2 respectively. The same experimental conditions were applied to real wastewater spiked with 100 mg/L of NP-10 showing the following removal rates: 84%, 98% and 99%, respectively. The possible contribution of different radicals to NP-10 degradation by H2O2/UV-C treatment was investigated by evaluating the effect of different radical scavengers (namely NO3-, NaCl, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, KH2PO4 and phatalate). Toxicity data (Aliivibrio fischeri, Raphidocelis subcapitata and Daphnia magna) on treated solutions and wastewater highlighted the presence of residual toxicity in all samples evidencing that no complete mineralization occurred.

ACS Style

Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Hatice Gürses; Antonietta Siciliano; Luigi Rizzo; Marco Guida; Giusy Lofrano. Nonylphenol deca-ethoxylate removal from wastewater by UV/H2O2: Degradation kinetics and toxicity effects. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2019, 124, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Maurizio Carotenuto, Giovanni Libralato, Hatice Gürses, Antonietta Siciliano, Luigi Rizzo, Marco Guida, Giusy Lofrano. Nonylphenol deca-ethoxylate removal from wastewater by UV/H2O2: Degradation kinetics and toxicity effects. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 2019; 124 ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Hatice Gürses; Antonietta Siciliano; Luigi Rizzo; Marco Guida; Giusy Lofrano. 2019. "Nonylphenol deca-ethoxylate removal from wastewater by UV/H2O2: Degradation kinetics and toxicity effects." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 124, no. : 1-7.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Journal of Environmental Sciences
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The fate of indigenous surface-water and wastewater antibiotic resistant bacteria in a mild slope stream simulated through a hydraulic channel was investigated in outdoor experiments. The effect of (i) natural (dark) decay, (ii) sunlight, (iii) cloudy cover, (iv) adsorption to the sediment, (v) hydraulic conditions, (vi) discharge of urban wastewater treatment plant (UWTP) effluent and (vii) bacterial species (presumptive Escherichia coli and enterococci) was evaluated. Half-life time (T) of E. coli under sunlight was in the range 6.48-27.7min (initial bacterial concentration of 10CFU/mL) depending on hydraulic and sunlight conditions. E. coli inactivation was quite similar in sunny and cloudy day experiments in the early 2hr, despite of the light intensity gradient was in the range of 15-59W/m; but subsequently the inactivation rate decreased in the cloudy day experiment (T=23.0min) compared to sunny day (T=17.4min). The adsorption of bacterial cells to the sediment (biofilm) increased in the first hour and then was quite stable for the remaining experimental time. Finally, when the discharge of an UWTP effluent in the stream was simulated, the proportion of indigenous antibiotic resistant E. coli and enterococci was found to increase as the exposure time increased, thus showing a higher resistance to solar inactivation compared to the respective total populations.

ACS Style

Antonino Fiorentino; Giuliana De Luca; Luigi Rizzo; Giacomo Viccione; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto. Simulating the fate of indigenous antibiotic resistant bacteria in a mild slope wastewater polluted stream. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018, 69, 95 -104.

AMA Style

Antonino Fiorentino, Giuliana De Luca, Luigi Rizzo, Giacomo Viccione, Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto. Simulating the fate of indigenous antibiotic resistant bacteria in a mild slope wastewater polluted stream. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2018; 69 ():95-104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonino Fiorentino; Giuliana De Luca; Luigi Rizzo; Giacomo Viccione; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto. 2018. "Simulating the fate of indigenous antibiotic resistant bacteria in a mild slope wastewater polluted stream." Journal of Environmental Sciences 69, no. : 95-104.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Antibiotics are emerging pollutants released into the environment through wastewater and manure or effluents from livestock plants. Compared to the wide literature on the effects of antibiotics on the development of drug-resistant bacteria and on the adverse effects on animals and human beings, the effects on plants are less investigated. Here we evaluated the effects of four antibiotics (cloramphenicol: CAP, spiramycin: SPR, spectinomycin: SPT, vancomycin: VAN) belonging to different chemical groups, on seed germination and root development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. San Marzano). Specifically, seed germination and root elongation kinetics, as well as the number of mithotic figures in root apical meristem, were studied in relation to different concentrations of each antibiotic (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000mgL(-1)) for 10 and 7 days, respectively. Results showed that seed germination was not affected, but root development (root elongation kinetics and cell division) was impaired at concentrations from 10mgL(-1) (SPT) and 100mgL(-1) (CAP) to 1000mgL(-1) (SPR and VAN).

ACS Style

Alessandro Bellino; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Daniela Baldantoni. Antibiotic effects on seed germination and root development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2018, 148, 135 -141.

AMA Style

Alessandro Bellino, Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto, Giovanni Libralato, Daniela Baldantoni. Antibiotic effects on seed germination and root development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018; 148 ():135-141.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandro Bellino; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Daniela Baldantoni. 2018. "Antibiotic effects on seed germination and root development of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 148, no. : 135-141.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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The Sarno River is considered the most polluted river in Europe and one of the ten most polluted rivers in the\ud world. So far, its quality has been usually evaluated by water and sediment analyses of either inorganic or\ud organic pollutants. However, a biomonitoring approach would be of paramount importance in the evaluation of\ud river quality, since it integrates pollutant temporal fluctuations, as in the case of discontinuous inputs from\ud urban, industrial and agricultural activities. To this end, a passive biomonitoring study of the Sarno River was\ud carried out, using two native aquatic plants accumulators of inorganic pollutants. The spring area was monitored\ud analysing the roots of the semi-submerged Apium nodiflorum, whereas the whole river course was monitored\ud analysing the shoots of the submerged Potamogeton pectinatus. The information on the four macronutrient (Ca, K,\ud Mg, P), the six micronutrient (Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, Ni, Zn) and the four toxic element (Cd, Cr, Pb, V) concentrations\ud were separately combined in the Nemerow Pollution Index. Results evidenced a severe pollution degree of the\ud Sarno River, attributable to toxic elements>micronutrients>macronutrients. In particular, the spring area\ud showed high K concentrations, as well as high concentrations of several micronutrients and toxic elements. A\ud generalized Zn contamination and a progressive macronutrient (above all Ca and P), micronutrient (above all Ni,\ud Cu and Fe) and toxic element (above all Cr and Pb) accumulation toward the mouth was related to pollution\ud from agricultural and urban activities. Industrial sources, especially tanneries along the Solofrana tributary,\ud accounted for high Mn concentrations, whereas the volcanic origin of the substrate accounted for a generalized V\ud contamination

ACS Style

Daniela Baldantoni; Alessandro Bellino; Giusy Lofrano; Giovanni Libralato; Luca Pucci; Maurizio Carotenuto. Biomonitoring of nutrient and toxic element concentrations in the Sarno River through aquatic plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2018, 148, 520 -527.

AMA Style

Daniela Baldantoni, Alessandro Bellino, Giusy Lofrano, Giovanni Libralato, Luca Pucci, Maurizio Carotenuto. Biomonitoring of nutrient and toxic element concentrations in the Sarno River through aquatic plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018; 148 ():520-527.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniela Baldantoni; Alessandro Bellino; Giusy Lofrano; Giovanni Libralato; Luca Pucci; Maurizio Carotenuto. 2018. "Biomonitoring of nutrient and toxic element concentrations in the Sarno River through aquatic plants." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 148, no. : 520-527.

Review
Published: 26 April 2017 in Current Organic Chemistry
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Year-by-year, the amount of antibiotics for human and veterinary use increases. Their presence in both treated and untreated wastewater was highlighted in several studies, suggesting that traditional activated sludge processes are unsuitable for their efficient removal. In this review paper, we summarized the role of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in antibiotics removal evidencing their pros, cons and limitations. In most cases, they are still applied at laboratory or pilot scale, with just few examples of full-scale applications. Main constraints are related to energy cost, catalyst management and potential residual toxicity in treated effluents. The main advantages are related to the full mineralization of target compounds or the ability to increase their relative biodegradability. Future challenges include nano-based green synthetized catalysts maximizing the use of solar radiation for energy saving. Generally, AOPs application is part of a more structured wastewater treatment process including operating units at various technological contents

ACS Style

Giusy Lofrano; Roberta Pedrazzani; Giovanni Libralato; Maurizio . Carotenuto. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Antibiotics Removal: A Review. Current Organic Chemistry 2017, 21, 1054 -1067.

AMA Style

Giusy Lofrano, Roberta Pedrazzani, Giovanni Libralato, Maurizio . Carotenuto. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Antibiotics Removal: A Review. Current Organic Chemistry. 2017; 21 (12):1054-1067.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giusy Lofrano; Roberta Pedrazzani; Giovanni Libralato; Maurizio . Carotenuto. 2017. "Advanced Oxidation Processes for Antibiotics Removal: A Review." Current Organic Chemistry 21, no. 12: 1054-1067.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Chloramphenicol sodium succinate (CAP, C15H15Cl2N2 Na2O8) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic exhibiting activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as other groups of microorganisms only partially removed by conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Thus, CAP and its metabolites can be found in effluents. The present work deals with the photocatalytic degradation of CAP using TiO2 as photocatalyst. We investigated the optimization of reaction contact time and concentration of TiO2 considering CAP and its by-products removal as well as effluent ecotoxicity elimination. Considering a CAP real concentration of 25mgL(-1), kinetic degradation curves were determined at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2gL(-1) TiO2 after 5, 10, 30, 60 and 120min reaction time. Treated samples were checked for the presence of by-products and residual toxicity (V. fischeri, P. subcapitata, L. sativum and D. magna). Results evidenced that the best combination for CAP and its by-products removal could be set at 1.6gL(-1) of TiO2 for 120min with an average residual toxicity of approximately 10%, that is the threshold set for negative controls in most toxicity tests for blank and general toxicity test acceptability

ACS Style

Giusy Lofrano; Giovanni Libralato; Roberta Adinolfi; Antonietta Siciliano; Patrizia Iannece; Mco Guida; Maurizio Giugni; Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini; Maurizio Carotenuto. Photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic chloramphenicol and effluent toxicity effects. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2016, 123, 65 -71.

AMA Style

Giusy Lofrano, Giovanni Libralato, Roberta Adinolfi, Antonietta Siciliano, Patrizia Iannece, Mco Guida, Maurizio Giugni, Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini, Maurizio Carotenuto. Photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic chloramphenicol and effluent toxicity effects. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2016; 123 ():65-71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giusy Lofrano; Giovanni Libralato; Roberta Adinolfi; Antonietta Siciliano; Patrizia Iannece; Mco Guida; Maurizio Giugni; Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini; Maurizio Carotenuto. 2016. "Photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic chloramphenicol and effluent toxicity effects." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 123, no. : 65-71.

Books
Published: 16 September 2014 in Heavy Metals In Water
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Tannery wastewater is considered to be one of the most polluting effluents due to it containing a large variety of toxic heavy metals that range from chromium, cadmium, cobalt, lead, nickel, selenium to arsenic. As consequence of most tannery wastewater treatments, the tannery sludge that is produced contains considerable amounts of heavy metals, which are harmful to the environment and human health. Hence, tannery wastewater and sludge treatments have become a serious environmental issue. At present, the conventional options for sewage sludge disposal, such as fertilizers and soil amendment materials for the land and landfill, are widely applied. However, heavy metals in the tannery sludge often outweigh the soil's heavy metal content, and the application of sludge can indeed increase the concentration of heavy metals in the agricultural soil and affect the crop production owing to uptake of the metals. Research on devising appropriate treatment technologies for tannery wastewaters has gone through various phases of development over the past decades following developments in processes related to the leather manufacturing industry. This chapter attempts to revise environmental concerns and future challenges related to the management of tannery wastewater and sludge.

ACS Style

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Ravindra Kumar Gautam; Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya. CHAPTER 12. Heavy Metals in Tannery Wastewater and Sludge: Environmental Concerns and Future Challenges. Heavy Metals In Water 2014, 249 -260.

AMA Style

Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto, Ravindra Kumar Gautam, Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya. CHAPTER 12. Heavy Metals in Tannery Wastewater and Sludge: Environmental Concerns and Future Challenges. Heavy Metals In Water. 2014; ():249-260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Ravindra Kumar Gautam; Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya. 2014. "CHAPTER 12. Heavy Metals in Tannery Wastewater and Sludge: Environmental Concerns and Future Challenges." Heavy Metals In Water , no. : 249-260.

Book chapter
Published: 16 September 2014 in Heavy Metals In Water
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Arsenic (As) contamination, especially in groundwater, has been receiving increasing attention in recent years due to its adverse effects on human health and the environment. Its biogeochemical cycle involves several physico-chemical processes as well as biological mechanisms, in which microorganisms play a key role. The inorganic compounds arsenite [As(iii)] and arsenate [As(v)] are the most toxic and abundant species of arsenic in water. Depending on the environmental physico-chemical condition these compounds have a relatively high solubility and are readily transported through aqueous routes into the environment, transferred from soils to crops and accumulated in various food crops and aquatic plants, threating human health. According to recent studies rice may be the primary source of inorganic arsenic for human exposure. In this chapter sources, pathways and levels of arsenic are presented to address the problem of its contamination of the environment. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art treatment of arsenic-contaminated waters, including a variety of treatment technologies based on oxidation, coprecipitation, adsorption, ion exchange and membrane and bio-processes are reported. The efficiency and applicability/appropriateness of the technologies have been evaluated, with regard to influent arsenic concentration, differences in source water composition, production of toxic sludge, economical aspects and social acceptance.

ACS Style

Maurizio Carotenuto; Giusy Lofrano; Sanjay K. Sharma. CHAPTER 5. Arsenic Contamination: An Overview. Heavy Metals In Water 2014, 86 -121.

AMA Style

Maurizio Carotenuto, Giusy Lofrano, Sanjay K. Sharma. CHAPTER 5. Arsenic Contamination: An Overview. Heavy Metals In Water. 2014; ():86-121.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maurizio Carotenuto; Giusy Lofrano; Sanjay K. Sharma. 2014. "CHAPTER 5. Arsenic Contamination: An Overview." Heavy Metals In Water , no. : 86-121.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2014 in Science of The Total Environment
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The use of compost for soil amendment is a promising agricultural practice environmentally and economically viable. In the framework of a wide research project designed to evaluate the effects of soil amendment with municipal solid waste compost in comparison with traditional mineral fertilization practices, 54 different cultivars (Cvs) of potatoes were AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) molecularly fingerprinted. The seven most genetically biodiverse potato Cvs were used to establish an experimental field in southern Italy. The field area was divided into two portions fertilized with compost (20 Mg ha(-1)) or with ammonium sulphate (200 kg ha(-1)). No significant differences in productivity, organoleptic characteristics and element concentrations were observed between the potato tubers obtained with both kinds of soil fertilization, while the tubers grown on compost amended soil showed, on average, higher K concentrations with respect to those grown on mineral fertilised soil. cDNA-AFLP (complementary DNA-AFLP) and MSAP (methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism) analyses were carried out on both leaves and tubers of one selected Cv to estimate if any transcriptome alterations or epigenetic modifications were induced by the two kinds of fertilization, however no variations were detected. Chemical and biological soil qualities (i.e., microbial respiration, FDA hydrolysis, alkaline and acid phosphatase) were assessed on soil samples at the start of the experiment and at the end of potato crop cycle. No significant differences in soil pH and limited ones, in the available fraction of some trace elements, were observed; while conductivity was much higher for the compost amended portion of the experimental field. Microbial respiration, FDA hydrolysis and acid phosphatase activities were significantly increased by compost amendment, in comparison with mineral fertilization. Finally, a sensory panel of potato Cvs detected no significant differences among qualitative descriptors and among potatoes coming from the two differently fertilized soils.

ACS Style

Angela Cicatelli; Daniela Baldantoni; Paola Iovieno; Maurizio Carotenuto; Anna Alfani; Italia De Feis; Stefano Castiglione. Genetically biodiverse potato cultivars grown on a suitable agricultural soil under compost amendment or mineral fertilization: yield, quality, genetic and epigenetic variations, soil properties. Science of The Total Environment 2014, 493, 1025 -1035.

AMA Style

Angela Cicatelli, Daniela Baldantoni, Paola Iovieno, Maurizio Carotenuto, Anna Alfani, Italia De Feis, Stefano Castiglione. Genetically biodiverse potato cultivars grown on a suitable agricultural soil under compost amendment or mineral fertilization: yield, quality, genetic and epigenetic variations, soil properties. Science of The Total Environment. 2014; 493 ():1025-1035.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angela Cicatelli; Daniela Baldantoni; Paola Iovieno; Maurizio Carotenuto; Anna Alfani; Italia De Feis; Stefano Castiglione. 2014. "Genetically biodiverse potato cultivars grown on a suitable agricultural soil under compost amendment or mineral fertilization: yield, quality, genetic and epigenetic variations, soil properties." Science of The Total Environment 493, no. : 1025-1035.

Original articles
Published: 09 December 2013 in Environmental Technology
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The photocatalytic degradation of an antibiotic, vancomycin B hydrochloride (VAN-B), has been investigated in aqueous suspensions of titanium dioxide (TiO2) by monitoring the change in its concentration as well as the production of ammonia and chlorides as a function of irradiation time. The removal of 50 mg L−1 VAN-B solution yields maximum concentrations of 2.45 and 2.53 mg N-NH3 L−1 after 120 min of photocatalytic oxidation using 0.1 and 0.2 g TiO2 L−1, respectively. When 0.2 g TiO2 L−1 were applied up to 87% of the stoichiometric amount of chloride was reached within 120 min of irradiation, corresponding to 0.087 mmol L−1. A set of bioassays (Daphnia magna, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Ceriodaphnia dubia) was performed to evaluate the potential detoxification of VAN-B and its by-products of oxidation under chronic and acute tests. The toxicity of the treated VAN-B samples varied during the oxidation, due to the formation of some intermediate products more toxic than VAN-B. Despite almost total removal of VAN-B that was achieved within 120 min of irradiation, a significant increase in toxicity was observed in chronic tests proving that the chronic assays are more appropriate than acute ones to detect the impact of by-products formed during the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics.

ACS Style

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Ceyda Senem Uyguner-Demirel; Alessia Vitagliano; Antonietta Siciliano; Mco Guida. An integrated chemical and ecotoxicological assessment for the photocatalytic degradation of vancomycin. Environmental Technology 2013, 35, 1234 -1242.

AMA Style

Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto, Ceyda Senem Uyguner-Demirel, Alessia Vitagliano, Antonietta Siciliano, Mco Guida. An integrated chemical and ecotoxicological assessment for the photocatalytic degradation of vancomycin. Environmental Technology. 2013; 35 (10):1234-1242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Ceyda Senem Uyguner-Demirel; Alessia Vitagliano; Antonietta Siciliano; Mco Guida. 2013. "An integrated chemical and ecotoxicological assessment for the photocatalytic degradation of vancomycin." Environmental Technology 35, no. 10: 1234-1242.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2013 in Water
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It has been said that Palermo is short of available water. However, nothing could be more wrong. Well-documented Arab sources and narrative chronicles reported an abundance of groundwater resources in Palermo Plain since the Middle Ages. The scarcity of sources and surface water in the Palermo Plain, compared to the groundwater abundance, led the inhabitants to use groundwater both for irrigation and domestic usage through a complex and sustainable hydraulic system. Vertical and horizontal (qanāts) wells, conveyed water towards gardens and public fountains making the Arabic Bal’harm (Palermo) a flourishing town. When visitors walk through the streets of Palermo’s historical center, among Arab ruins and Baroque architecture, they hardly imagine that there is a wide and varied cultural heritage of underground cavities hidden in the basements where water flows in intricate networks fed from a numerous springs. Only in recent years was a part of this system brought to light. Moreover, the city still has a wide and fascinating water distribution system consisting of irrigation basin (gebbie), ingenious hydraulic machines named senie, and distribution chessboard of irrigation (saje) and drinking water (catusi) canals. The medieval water collection and distribution systems and their various components in the Palermo Plain are reviewed together with the influence of the Arab water management on environment.

ACS Style

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Roberta Maffettone; Pietro Todaro; Silvia Sammataro; Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis. Water Collection and Distribution Systems in the Palermo Plain during the Middle Ages. Water 2013, 5, 1662 -1676.

AMA Style

Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto, Roberta Maffettone, Pietro Todaro, Silvia Sammataro, Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis. Water Collection and Distribution Systems in the Palermo Plain during the Middle Ages. Water. 2013; 5 (4):1662-1676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Roberta Maffettone; Pietro Todaro; Silvia Sammataro; Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis. 2013. "Water Collection and Distribution Systems in the Palermo Plain during the Middle Ages." Water 5, no. 4: 1662-1676.

Journal article
Published: 13 June 2013 in Water
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Perchlorate is regarded as an emerging persistent inorganic contaminant. It is widely known that perchlorate is an endocrine disruptor as it competitively inhibits iodide transport in the thyroid gland. As drinking water is the major source of human exposure to perchlorate, its occurrence in commercially available bottled waters purchased in different regions of Italy was investigated. Perchlorate was measured using the rapid, sensitive, and selective LC-ESI-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry) method by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) of the transition 98.8→82.8, which corresponds to the loss of one oxygen atom in the perchlorate ion (ClO4−→ClO3−). The chlorine isotope ratio (35Cl/37Cl) was used as a confirmation tool. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for this method was 5 ng/L, and the recovery ranged from 94% to 108%. Perchlorate was detected in 44 of the 62 drinking waters tested, with concentrations ranging from <5 to 75 ng/L. These values are similar in magnitude to those reported in drinking water from the USA and do not pose an immediate health concern.

ACS Style

Patrizia Iannece; Oriana Motta; Rossella Tedesco; Maurizio Carotenuto; Antonio Proto. Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy. Water 2013, 5, 767 -779.

AMA Style

Patrizia Iannece, Oriana Motta, Rossella Tedesco, Maurizio Carotenuto, Antonio Proto. Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy. Water. 2013; 5 (2):767-779.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patrizia Iannece; Oriana Motta; Rossella Tedesco; Maurizio Carotenuto; Antonio Proto. 2013. "Determination of Perchlorate in Bottled Water from Italy." Water 5, no. 2: 767-779.