Modern day hardware design is heavily focused on software simulations and verification. ASIC design is complex, and its abstraction may lead to losing motivation to develop knowledge and skills in the field. It is also very costly and inaccessible outside the industry, especially on a larger scale. FPGAs are devices which are affordable and allow unexperienced people, like students, to have an accessible and observable starting point in hardware development. On the other hand, protocol standards and devices nowadays are so complex that one will need to spend years to understand and feel comfortable dealing with corporate methodologies, environments and development process. One of the still evolving, recently developed ISA for example, RISC-V, is a broad area to learn. Often the fastest and in-depth way to learn is by observation, getting familiar with accessible yet challenging design and making modifications to and experimenting with such platforms.

The observed processes of digitization of the economy resulted in transformation of the labor market as a response to the emerging demands of jobs and processes The observed processes of digitization of the economy resulted in transformation of the labor market as a response to the emerging demands of jobs and processes

The paper describes our program implementation of Global Sequence alignments of DNA sequences using the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm. This modified Neeedlenan-Wunsch algorithm is designed to align multiple sequences in parallel with OpenMP. The algorithm supports different sequence sizes by scanning and equalizing them simultaneously. The results of our experiment are obtained by comparing Sars-CoV-2 fasta files in a versatile, speedy and convenient manner. The program is adapted for optimal performance when aligning Sars-CoV-2 sequences. We analyze program hotspots, multithreading execution and potential bottlenecks using the Intel vTune Profiler.

Ancient anatomically modern humans (AMHs) encountered other archaic human species, most notably Neanderthals and Denisovans, when they left Africa and spread across Europe and Asia ~60,000 years ago. They interbred with them, and modern human genomes retain DNA inherited from these interbreeding events. High quality (high coverage) ancient human genomes have recently been sequenced allowing for a direct estimation of individual heterozygosity, which has shown that genetic diversity in these archaic human groups was very low, indicating low population sizes. In this study, we analyze ten ancient human genome-wide data, including four sequenced with high-coverage. We screened these ancient genome-wide data for pathogenic mutations associated with monogenic diseases, and established unusual aggregation of pathogenic mutations in individual subjects, including quadruple homozygous cases of pathogenic variants in the PAH gene associated with the condition phenylketonuria in a ~120,000 years old Neanderthal. Such aggregation of pathogenic mutations is extremely rare in contemporary populations, and their existence in ancient humans could be explained by less significant clinical manifestations coupled with small community sizes, leading to higher inbreeding levels. Our results suggest that pathogenic variants associated with rare diseases might be the result of introgression from other archaic human species, and archaic admixture thus could have influenced disease risk in modern humans.

The journal retracts the article “Pathogenic Variants Associated with Rare Monogenic Diseases Established in Ancient Neanderthal and Denisovan Genome-Wide Data”