Farmer regeneration in agribusiness sustainability originates from the innovation of knowledge co-creation among farmer generations and interaction between stakeholders within and outside local contexts. The present work aims at exploring knowledge co-creation in the context of different orientations between young and old farmers. It also seeks to characterize the orientation of the two farmer groups from the aspect of agriculture, processing, and marketing of coconut through knowledge co-creation interaction to further their agricultural activities. All data in this grounded theory research came from in-depth interviews; the data were further examined using an open, axial, and selective coding method. The transcription of the field note was analyzed using an ATLAS.ti version 9, a program for analyzing qualitative data. The sample of the study was 13 of young farmers (25 to 45 years old) and 17 of old farmers (45 to 65 years old). The results revealed that the old farmers focused on revitalizing coconut trees for long-term purposes. The knowledge co-creation process among this farmer group (with other stakeholders) put an emphasis on copra and cooking oil production. Young farmers, however, focused on coconut tree integration with annual plants for short-term purposes, especially on the virgin coconut oil and innovative products from foreign technology adaptation. In conclusion, coconut business sustainability is the byproduct of knowledge co-creation and engagement between old and young farmers. This condition results in the survivability of coconut farmers. The novelty of this study lies in the classification of the orientation of the two coconut farmer groups in terms of agricultural, processing, and marketing aspects, which results in knowledge co-creation and its relation to the sustainability of coconut agriculture.

Production and farmers income still becomes a global issue in economic development. The study aims to (1) describe the implementation of the role of Joined farmer groups (called Gapoktan) in accordance its function and (2) to analyze the role of Gapoktan in increasing production and farming income. The study was conducted in Camba Sub District, Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia in 2017 and choosing Aspana Gapoktan as Case Unit. Data collection is done by a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data were collected by Focus Group Discussions method, indepth interview and document study while quantitative data was collected through survey method on 60 farmers respondents. The results showed that, (1) Aspana Gapoktan has implemented a role related to its function as a business unit in the provision of production facilities and farming as well as marketing but has not implemented roles related to its function as a processing business unit, and saving and loan (2) Gapoktan role in increasing production and income of farming is facilitating procurement of farm inputs and agricultural production tools for farmers and developing various commodities in farming activities, especially horticultural crops. More than 44.00% of farmers perceived that their production increased about 10.00% - 25.00% and more than 68.00% of farmers perceived that their income increased by about 10.00% - 25.00% for the last three years. It is necessary to increase the role of Gapoktan through (1) the procurement of horticultural product processing industry and (2) doing savings and loan activities by utilizing 40.00% of funds managed by Gapoktan or through the formation of cooperatives under the management of Gapoktan.

Food availability of one area affects its community food consumption patterns. The area will use its natural resources to satisfy all needs of its society. This study aimed to explain the patterns of consumption and production of food in a mountainous area. This research is a descriptive study using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In qualitative approach, the data obtained by indepth-interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD), whereas quantitative data obtained through household surveys of 40 households as samples. Field data collection is done systematically through questionnaires and interviews. There are two data sources namely primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from people in the local area either as informants selected using snowball techniqueor respondents selected purposively. Furthermore, the secondary data were obtained from the literature that correlates with research areas. The result shows that the pattern of food production in the mountainous region is divided into two types based on the land used that is wetland and dry land. The wetland is used by mountainous community to produce food such as rice and corn with a frequency of twice a year. As for the dry land, it is cultivated to produce vegetables that are produced throughout the year as daily necessities. The pattern of consumption in the community correlates with the amount, type and consumptive frequency of the food. In general, people in mountainous areas still consume rice as a staple food by eating vegetables and fish as complementary with a frequency of 2-3 times a day. This is because the access is still relatively easy to obtain these foods.

COVID-19 has caused global problems with complex ramifications. Vulnerable households worry about disruptions to food security. Mobility restrictions, decreased salaries, and supply chain disruptions have increased food insecurity. This study examined the best food security model and its determinants. The primary research data were collected from 257 respondents via cluster random sampling. Binary logistic regression, using R-Studio, was employed to analyze the data. The study showed that the Minimal Model (MM) was optimal in explaining food security status, with three predictors: the available food stock (AFS), education of the household head (EHH), and household income (HIc). This aligned with studies showing that food purchase ability depends on income and education. Male household heads demonstrated better food security than females, while women’s education influenced consumption through improved nutritional knowledge. Higher income provides more alternatives for meeting needs, while decreased income limits options. Food reserve storage influenced household food security during the pandemic. The Minimal Model effectively influenced food security through the AFS, EHH, and HIc. The findings underline the importance of available food stock, household head education, and household income in developing approaches to assist food-insecure households. The research makes a significant contribution to ensuring food availability and promoting sustainable development post-pandemic.

The objective of this research was to examine the determinants of farmer participation and shallot-farming development in search of effective farm management practices. The study used structural equation modeling data analysis. The primary data were collected from direct structural interviews with 150 randomly chosen shallot farmers in Bantaeng Regency, Indonesia. It was found that the latent variables of Physical Aspects of Land, System of Economy Peasant Society, and System of Political Peasant Society were fundamental factors that exerted a positive and significant influence on the latent variable of Farmer Participation. Therefore, improvements in the physical aspects of the land, the economic framework, and the political structure of agricultural communities could promote farmer participation. Furthermore, the latent variable of Farmer Participation and System of Political Peasant Society had a positive and significant impact on shallot-farming development. Thus, by increasing the influence of government officials and community leaders, shallot farming can be promoted. The farmers can then enhance their participation in shallot-farming plan formulation and implementation, providing the continued development of shallot farming. The findings of this study contribute significantly to the body of knowledge by validating previous research and proposing different ways to improve effective farm management practices in shallot farming.