The study investigated the factors that influence the return on assets (ROA) of manufacturing firms in Bangladesh. The study relied on secondary data sourced from the audited annual reports of 15 leading manufacturing firms in Bangladesh, covering a period of ten years from 2013 to 2022. The sample firms were selected based on their listing on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE)-30 and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE)-30 indices and their status as leading firms in the manufacturing sector using the purposeful sampling method. The study employed the one-step generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator to analyze the data, addressing the presence of endogeneity and heteroskedasticity. The results of the study indicated that the natural logarithms of net profit margin (NPM) and total sales (TS) have a significant positive relationship with ROA, while the natural logarithm of total assets (TA) has a significant negative relationship with ROA. However, the study did not find any significant relationship between the leverage ratio (D RATIO) and ROA. The lagged value of the dependent variable (L) was also found to be insignificant. The study's findings suggest that firms can enhance their ROA by improving their profitability and increasing their sales while avoiding excessive growth in their asset base. Additionally, larger firms may face diseconomies of scale that reduce their profitability. However, the lack of a significant relationship between leverage and ROA is somewhat surprising, and further research is needed to better understand the relationship between leverage and ROA in different contexts. Overall, the study utilized a rigorous data collection approach to ensure the reliability and validity of the data used for analysis, providing accurate results that can be relied upon for making informed decisions.

Egypt is pivotal in the global energy transportation. It has committed to the Paris Agreement and presented its recognition of the necessity for international cooperation in tackling climate change. Despite these commitments, Egypt faces significant challenges in its energy sector. With the high domestic energy demands, the nation's crude oil reserve is projected to be depleted within the next 15 years. It is crucial to prioritize and focus on renewable energy technology and its utilization in the present and future frameworks of Egypt's energy by addressing these issues to maintain its strategic position in global energy markets. The study aims to examine Egypt's current energy landscape and assess its potential for adopting renewable energy sources. To meet the nation's electricity demands the study explores both the current state and future possibilities for renewable and sustainable energy in Egypt, taking into account plans from both the private and public sectors. The adoption of such strategies will guide the authorities of Egypt towards achieving the nation's renewable energy ambitions, including the 2035 energy strategy, with the ultimate goal of becoming a net-zero emissions nation. Egypt's renewable energy sector is largely underdeveloped and faces numerous challenges, despite it has abundant and varied resources. These challenges include barriers in manufacturing, political hurdles, economic constraints, and technological limitations. This study suggests several strategies for Egypt to optimize its utilization of renewable resources. The suggestions are made considering the existing energy policies and identifying potential obstacles in the deployment of renewable energy systems. This study would assist Egypt and other nations in establishing a clear path toward achieving the global objective of net zero emissions in the coming decades.

The smart cities strategy is crucial to safeguarding the environment, which is possible with the help of renewable energy and information and communication technologies (ICTs). Therefore, this research investigates the effect of ICT, green energy or renewable energy, urbanization, and economic growth (GDP) on environmental sustainability in China. The study employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method to analyze the data. The findings demonstrate that ICT and renewable energy have an adverse and significant effect on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the country. It states that the rise of ICT and renewable energy increases the quality of the environment. On the other hand, urbanization and economic growth have a positive and significant impact on CO2 emissions. The result argues that large-scale urbanization decreases the quality of the environment. The research recommends that ICT diffusion, renewable energy consumption, smart urbanization, and a low-carbon economy strategy assist in achieving environmental sustainability goals.

This study investigates the environmental sway of China's nuclear energy use in the perspective of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) and Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) by using the time series data from 1993 to 2022. The study used an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulating method. One of the limitations of the study is the short range of the data although the ARDL method perfectly applicable for the dataset with a short range. The findings of empirical research support that the PHH does not apply to China, meaning that foreign direct investment significantly impacts environmental results. Moreover, empirical findings confirmed the helpful impact of nuclear energy in reducing pollutants. Furthermore, the outcome confirms the EKC theory in the Chinese context, suggesting that increasing economic expansion may decrease emission levels in the future. Higher economic growth and increased foreign investment in nuclear energy generation are expected to improve environmental excellence by decreasing carbon emissions.