Background: CrossFit^® has become a popular and effective training methodology. This study aimed to compare the effects of a four-week CrossFit training program and analyze the inter-individual variability on body composition (fat mass and fat-free mass) and physical fitness (push-ups, military press, back squat, deadlift, countermovement jump (CMJ), sit-ups, and 30 m sprint speed) in novice and advanced practitioners. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used, with single-blinded (evaluators) and 2 parallel groups: novices (n = 10; age = 22.30 ± 0.81) and advanced practitioners (n = 11; age = 22.80 ± 1.41). The intervention consisted of 3 weekly 75 min sessions (4 weeks), with pre- and post-assessments. A two-factor mixed ANOVA and inter-individual analyses to classify responders (Rs) and non-responders (NRs) were performed. Results: No significant interaction effects were found. However, the novice group significantly improved back squat performance (p = 0.031). Inter-individual analysis showed higher proportions of Rs in the novice group for back squat (40%), deadlift (20%), military press (10%), CMJ (10%), sit-ups (30%), push-ups (30%), and 30 m sprint speed (10%) compared to the advanced group. Conclusions: CrossFit program did not significantly affect body composition, but novices exhibited significant back squat improvements. Considering experience levels can enhance training outcomes.

Background: A negative lifestyle is reported to be related to cognitive problems. However, there is little information about this in relation to university students. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between executive functions (EFs) and lifestyle parameters (i.e., physical activity (PA), sleep duration, screen time (ST), and food habits) among Chilean university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 150 university students (94 females and 56 males, aged 21.28 ± 3.15 and 22.18 ± 2.90 years, respectively). Cognitive outcomes were measured using the CogniFit assessment battery. Lifestyle was measured through validated questionnaires. Results: Across the total sample, attention exhibited a positive association with PA h/week (β: 24.34 95% CI: 12.46 to 36.22, p = 0.001). Additionally, coordination was positively associated with PA h/week (β: 15.06 95% CI: 0.62 to 29.50, p < 0.041). PA h/week was positively linked with reasoning (β: 20.34 95% CI: 4.52 to 36.17, p = 0.012) and perception (β: 13.81 95% CI: 4.14 to 23.49, p = 0.005). Moreover, PA h/week was significantly linked to memory (β: 23.01 95% CI: 7.62 to 38.40, p = 0.004). In terms of the EFs, PA h/week showed a positive association with cognitive flexibility (β: 45.60 95% CI: 23.22 to 67.69, p = 0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, lifestyle (PA h/week) was positively associated with EFs. Therefore, an increase in PA levels among these students should be a target for community- and university-based interventions in order to promote cognitive development such as attention, coordination, reasoning, perception, memory, and cognitive flexibility.

Introducción: El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue analizar los estudios que evalúan las diferencias morfológicas y de condición física en futbolistas adolescentes según posición de juego.Material y métodos: Para su elaboración se siguió el protocolo PRISMA-P, se utilizó la base de datos PubMed/MEDLINE y se aplicó la evaluación de calidad metodológica de Downs & Black. Seis estudios cumplieron con todos los criterios de selección, sumando 784 futbolistas (229 defensas [DF]; 271 mediocampistas [MC], 168 delanteros [DL] y 69 porteros [PT]) con una edad media de 16,2 años. Resultados: Los estudios analizados indican que los PT y DF poseen una altura, peso corporal, componente endomórfico y grasa corporal mayor que MC y DL, excepto un estudio que reporta valores más altos para peso corporal en DL y DF respecto a MC. En relación a la condición física, la sentadilla máxima exhibió valores más elevados para DL respecto a MC; la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria fue superior en DF y MC al compararlos con PT y la resistencia muscular abdominal fue mayor en MC respecto a DF. Conclusión: Los PT y DF ostentan mayor altura, peso corporal y grasa corporal que los MC y DL. Mientras que la condición física, indica que los DL demuestran mayor fuerza del tren inferior, los MC y DF consiguen mayor capacidad cardiorrespiratoria y los MC presentan mayor resistencia muscular abdominal cuando se analizan futbolistas adolescentes según posición de juego.

En los últimos años, las redes sociales han cambiado de manera profunda la forma en que las personas se relacionan entre sí, así como la manera en que se ven a sí mismas y a los demás. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar cómo las redes sociales inciden en la percepción de la imagen corporal de estudiantes de Educación Física. La metodología utilizada fue cualitativa con enfoque fenomenológico descriptivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 80 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Física de una universidad del centro-sur de Chile. Los resultados revelan que las redes sociales juegan un papel importante en la configuración de la autoimagen y la toma de decisiones estéticas de los usuarios, aunque los efectos no son siempre negativos ni homogéneos. Se concluye que la autoimagen virtual y las relaciones sociales reflejan el deseo de los participantes de proyectar una imagen positiva y saludable, aunque muchas veces influenciada por estándares de belleza poco realistas que prevalecen en las plataformas.

Background: Unhealthy lifestyles have been reported among university students, characterized by excess body weight and physical inactivity, which affects body composition and increases the risk of non-communicable diseases. Physical exercise (PE) is an effective strategy for body reshaping; however, its demands and difficulties make its practice complex. Therefore, there was an interest in investigating the effects of a low-volume, moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) protocol. Methods: A 5-week quasi-experimental study was conducted. Twelve university students (ten women and two men), aged 22 ± 3.4 years, engaged in low-level physical activity. The intervention group (n = 6) performed a MIIT protocol of 1′ × 1′ × 7′ (seven series of 1 min of moderate-intensity exercise interleaved with a recovery period of 1 min) three times a week, while the control group (n = 6) continued with its regular activities. Results: Significant improvements were reported in body fat percentage (%BF) (p = 0.04; d = 0.9), fat mass (FM) (p = 0.00; d = 0.7) and recovery heart rate (RHR) (p = 0.001); d = 1) in the MIIT group compared with the pre-test and control group values. Furthermore, the body weight (p = 0.04) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.04) values also improved in the MIIT group, compared to the pre-test values. Conclusions: MIIT is an effective strategy for short-term improvement in body composition, as well as in anthropometric measures and fitness parameters, in university students with a low PAL. Its ease of applicability—based on low exercise volume and intensity—is notable, making it feasible of incorporation into student health programs.