This paper studies the long-run relationships between tourism expansion and economic growth in Romania during the period 1988–2009. The empirical evidence highlights the nature of causal relationships, if any, between domestic travel and tourism spending, internal travel and tourism consumption, the gross domestic product annual growth rate and the real exchange rate. The paper uses the cointegration method and Granger causality analysis based on the vector error correction model (VECM) and impulse functions. The findings suggest that there are Granger causality relationships running from tourism expansion to economic growth, which sustains the tourism-led growth hypothesis (TLGH). These results emphasize the need for more consistent tourism development plans and strategies to be implemented at national and regional levels by the governmental authorities.

International trade has an important share in GDP in different countries. Various companies from different countries are looking for new growth opportunities beyond their home country borders. Due to international trade, important sectors of the economies can be stimulated, such as transport and ICT sectors. Thus, international trade can be important for business, due to profits growth prospects, reduced dependence on known markets, business expansion, etc. The increase of international trade over the years has been a result of the globalization process. Thus, both consumers and companies can now choose from a wider range of products and services. Also, globalization refers to the interdependence between countries arising from the integration of different aspects of the economy, such as trade. International trade can stimulate economic growth of countries that are now so interconnected. Currently, globalization cannot be ignored by businesses, due to the opportunities offered by foreign markets

Heritage tourism entrepreneurship is related to the development of businesses in the field of heritage tourism, meaning businesses oriented towards the cultural heritage of the locations. In the 21st century, businesses have to face enormous challenges, induced by globalization and emergence of new information and communication technologies. More than ever, businesses have to assess consumer preferences, being more aware not just of their physical needs, but also of their aspiration. Social media comes with new challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurship in terms of developing the marketing mix and addressing to the preferences of visitors in tourism destinations. Consumers are now present on social networks due to the Internet development and thus businesses have to move on the on-line environment in order to be more close to the market. The answer to the question “Is this also available for Romanian heritage tourism?” seems positive and the paper will emphasize the role of social media in supporting the development of heritage tourism entrepreneurship in Romania

This paper analysis the determinants of international tourism demand for Romania and it quantifies their influences. The authors elaborate two models, a fixed-effects model and the Tobit model, to estimate tourist inflow data from twenty-three European countries, for the period 1997-2008. In the fixed effects static panel model, we find that GDP per capita, bilateral trade, population, prices are the main determinants of tourism flows to Romania. For the Tobit model, all the variables taken into consideration, GDP per capita, bilateral trade, population, geographical distance, prices are influencing the international tourism demand. Both models indicate that trade, population, and income are more important determinants than relative prices or geographical distance between Romania and countries of origin.

The paper aims to identify the powerful forces of Generation Z’s (Gen Z) work motivations, considering four key drivers: recognition, appreciation, well-being, and skills. Four hypotheses were developed, and Gen Z-triggering motivational factors at work were analyzed using a survey approach. Using the collected data, a logistic regression model was constructed to investigate the effects on work motivation. An in-depth interview of managers from different companies was applied to identify Gen Z’s perceptions about the workplace. All four predictors proved to influence work motivation significantly. According to the answers of Gen Z’s members, wage is the primary motivator for them to increase work efficiency, with other financial and non-financial factors being less significant. Gen Z is generally not teamwork-oriented and prefers working alone to demonstrate their abilities and achieve greater efficiency. Gen Z switches jobs frequently and shows low loyalty to organizations, often prioritizing personal preferences over long-term commitment. This study explores Romanian Gen Z-triggering motivational factors and shows the motivators for increasing work efficiency. It provides unique insights into a less teamwork-oriented, low loyalty to organizations segment, filling a literature gap and offering business recommendations for connecting with this generation.

This study investigates tax compliance patterns among individuals in Romania through a survey-based approach, aiming to comprehend factors influencing taxpayers’ behavior, including perception towards taxation, ethics, evasion, and public awareness. The insights garnered can inform policy decisions to enhance compliance rates. Additionally, it contributes to the tax compliance literature by examining unique Romanian context factors. The study delves into taxpayers’ opinions to discern specific views and behaviors within broader societal and economic transformations. A questionnaire was developed and administered online from April to June 2023, with a sample size of 185 respondents. A logistic regression model was constructed using the collected data to analyze the effects on tax compliance. The findings suggest that individuals comply with tax obligations when they perceive their contributions enhance public services and when the tax system aligns with their preferences. Surprisingly, a higher education level correlates with lower tax compliance, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions and educational campaigns. This underscores the necessity for effective communication about the societal benefits of paying taxes. Policymakers should tailor awareness campaigns to inform higher-educated individuals about the significance of tax compliance and its impact on public goods. This ensures a more informed populace and promotes voluntary compliance with tax regulations.