On the basis of the analysis of wide temporal monitoring data, a forecast of the integrated hydrochemical indicators of the waters of the Inhul river (Ukraine) was carried out. The performed analysis was also the basis for the determination of a mathematical model of natural fluctuations of the...

Water treatment, such as disinfection, is an integral stage of its use for human life. The use of plasma technology with high-voltage electric discharge in a liquid for obtaining a bactericidal effect is discussed. It has been experimentally shown that among the factors accompanying a high-voltage electric discharge in a liquid and affecting the viability of bacteria, cavitation is the main one. Simultaneous use of electric discharge in the special cavitation mode and oxidizing agents makes it possible to achieve stable disinfection of water. At the same time, bactericidal doses of the oxidizing agent are reduced by a factor of 10 relative to existing standards, and the energy costs for electric discharge exposure, enhanced by small doses of an oxidizing agent, are reduced by 6 times compared to the costs of disinfection by only an electric discharge.

An analysis of the physical and chemical phenomena accompanying electrical discharges is carried out, and the main factors influencing microorganisms’ abatement are studied. The similarity of the cavitation processes in water systems induced by underwater electric discharges and ultrasound is experimentally demonstrated. The characteristic features of electrical discharge in the cavitation mode, providing effective water disinfection with electric discharges with a significantly reduced amount of active chlorine, are identified in order of importance. The inactivation of microorganisms is intensified, firstly, by the generation of chemically active particles from the water medium itself, due to the integral action of the electro-discharge cavitation of the whole treated volume, and by local shock waves, acoustic flows, and ultraviolet radiation in the area near the cavitating bubbles. The main advantages of electric discharge cavitation over ultrasonic range are the wider range of high-frequency acoustic radiation inherent in an electric discharge, the high intensity and power of the cavitation processes, and the possibility of a significant increase in the volume of disinfected liquid. This study allows for a better understanding and prediction of the bacterial effects that occur during a high-voltage underwater electrical discharge.

Purpose is determination of interdependencies between hydrochemical indicators of surface water quality in the example of a small river as a limiting factor of formation of aquatic ecosystem of territories. Correlation analyses of the studied indicators of water quality was conducted on an average value of each indicator (pH, phosphates, nitrates, BOD, COD, soluble oxygen). Found a significant increase in phosphates with time, with a coefficient of correlation R=0.71, indicating contamination of the water facility. This can be explained by the arrival of various surface-active substances and, to a lesser extent, the lack of quality sewage treatment facilities. Positive changes are founded in water object that is related to a decrease in the value of BOD. This is due to a decrease in the use of oxygen on oxidation of inorganic and organic substances. In general, the use of river runoff of the river above normal, and the overall environmental state of river basin is defined as "extremely poor".

Atmospheric air temperature is a fundamental indicator of climate change, directly influencing ecosystems, water resources, and human livelihoods. Studying temperature trends is essential for understanding global warming's impacts and developing strategies for environmental sustainability and...

The electric discharge in special cavitation mode is an effective instrument for water disinfection, intensification of extraction, and material dispersion. The object of this work is to study the influence of individual elements and characteristics of electric discharge installations on the...