Biodegradable magnesium alloys have emerged as promising alternatives to permanent metallic implants due to their unique combination of mechanical compatibility with bone and complete resorption, addressing the persistent issues of stress shielding and secondary removal surgeries. This review critically examines the historical development of magnesium-based biomaterials, highlighting advances in alloy design, manufacturing processes, and surface engineering that now enable tailored degradation and improved clinical performance. Drawing on recent clinical and preclinical studies, we summarize improvements in corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility that have supported the clinical translation of magnesium alloys across a variety of orthopedic and emerging medical applications. However, challenges remain, including unpredictable in vivo degradation kinetics, limited long-term safety data, lack of standardized testing protocols, and ongoing regulatory uncertainties. We conclude that while magnesium-based biomaterials have advanced from experimental concepts to clinically validated solutions, further progress in personalized degradation control, real-time monitoring, and harmonized regulatory frameworks is needed to fully realize their transformative clinical potential.

The problem of developing a calculation-experimental method for calculating wear of a sliding bearing based on a two-factor wear model (contact pressure - sliding velocity) with identification of wear resistance parameters was considered. Analysis of known studies has shown that existing approaches required solution of complex systems of integral-differential equations or cumbersome numerical methods that are unacceptable in the engineering practice. As a result, a model of the sliding bearing wear in conditions of boundary friction was obtained in a form of dependence of the wear rate on the dimensionless complexes of contact pressure and sliding velocity. On the basis of the proposed wear model, the wear-contact problem for a cylindrical sliding bearing was solved. The equation of equilibrium for medium pressures and the approximating function of linear wear from the arc of contact between the shaft and the bushing were used as the determining equations. The solution was obtained in a closed form as a dependence of wear degree on the friction path. To identify parameters of wear resistance in the wear model, a calculation-experimental method for determining calculated dependences of wear resistance parameters was developed on the basis of the wear test by the «cone – three balls» scheme. The results of wear tests of bronze conical specimens with a variable wear spot and two values of sliding velocity were taken as a base. An example of implementation of the calculation-experimental method for calculating wear of a cylindrical bearing was given. It has shown that the calculated wear values were consistent with the operational data on wear of sliding bearings. Influence of determining factors of sliding velocity and load on bearing wear was studied. The obtained results were recommended for predicting wear of sliding bearings at the design stage and optimizing their design and operational parameters

The problem of developing a calculation-experimental method for calculating wear of a sliding bearing based on a two-factor wear model (contact pressure - sliding velocity) with identification of wear resistance parameters was considered. On the basis of the proposed wear model, the wear-contact problem for a cylindrical sliding bearing was solved. The equation of equilibrium for medium pressures and the approximating function of linear wear from the arc of contact between the shaft and the bushing were used as the determining equations. To identify parameters of wear resistance in the wear model, a calculation-experimental method for determining calculated dependences of wear resistance parameters was developed on the basis of the wear test by the «cone – three balls» scheme. The results of wear tests of bronze conical specimens with a variable wear spot and two values of sliding velocity were taken as a base. The obtained results were recommended for predicting wear of sliding bearings at the design stage and optimizing their design and operational parameters.

In this work, the theory of ball wear for a four-ball wear-testing scheme is presented. The direct problem of determining the dimensions of the worn place depending on the sliding distance and the inverse problem of determining the parameters of the wear model based on the data of wear tests have been solved. Solutions have been obtained for the initial zero and nonzero contact patch and are based on the assumption of a uniform distribution of the pressures over the contact area. The examples of numerical solutions to the problem of contact wears under consideration have been provided.

Substantiation of diagnostic parameters for determining the technical condition of transmission assemblies in trucks

Study and development of the technology for hardening rope blocks by reeling