Carbon nanomaterials have attracted vast attention due to the rising demand for various nanotechnology applications. The possibility of preparing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and graphene on large scale are demonstrated using direct current arc discharge with transverse magnetic field effect at low ambient pressure. In this work, we study, the effect of external transverse magnetic effect on structural perfection of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube. High quality carbon-nanotube were synthesized by arc discharge plasma in Hydrogen ambient at pressure 1 mbar in presence of external transverse magnetic field. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by electron microscopy, XRD and Raman Spectroscopy. A significant increase in the quantity and quality of carbon nanotube and graphene in the presence of transverse magnetic field during arc discharge process.

Carbon nanotubes have long attracted great scientific interest because of their simplicity, ease of synthesis and unique properties. The novel properties of nanostructured carbon nanotubes including its high surface area, stiffness, tensile strength, thermal and electrical properties which become suitable for the application in the fields of energy storage, hydrogen storage, electrochemical supercapacitor, field-emitting devices, transistors, nanoprobes and sensors, composite material, templates, etc. In this study, carbon nanotubes were synthesized through arc discharge plasma with two different configurations, transverse and axial field, applied across arc plasma synthesis process to enable a much rapid rate growing of tubular carbon multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). TEM, FESEM, RAMAN, FTIR and XRD were used to investigate the morphology and structural evolution of the MWCNTs samples produced with different synthesize environment. Introduction of magnetic field during the MWCNTs synthesized through arc discharge plasma technique has also been found to enhance the carbon nanotube growth, increase the high aspect ratio and its chemical stability, and shows potential for regulating the number of walls formed.

A First-principles research based on density functional theory is used to explore the various properties of pure and Sr-doped-KNbO_3-perovskites compounds such as structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical characteristics. The Sr impact on structural, optical, electronic, and magnetic properties of Sr-doped-KNbO₃ are investigated using ultra-soft pseudo-potential. The band gap of Sr-doped-KNbO₃ is found to be remarkably increased from 1.50 eV to 1.83 eV after the doping of Strontium (Sr) with various percentages (0%, 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%). Under the DFT study, strontium(Sr) is appropriate material for increasing the band gap of KNbO₃. Owing to the difference in ionic radii of Mo and Sr volume of crystal cells also decreased from 82.68 to 42.89 A³ after the doping of Strontium (Sr). The bandgap nature is found indirect furthermore bandgap showed that the material is a prominent semiconductor. A significant increment is obtained in the optical conductivity and also bandgap. After the doping of strontium (Sr) impurities, the energy absorption peaks are amplified. It is also observed that due to Sr substitution optical conductivity shifted toward higher energies. Sr-doped-KNbO₃ has enhanced optical conductivity, energy absorption, and refractive index, making it an appropriate material for perovskite solar cell applications.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were grown on cathode deposit by arc discharge plasma under H₂, Ar, and air ambient environment. The influence of ambient gas pressure on the structure and physical properties of carbon nanotube were compared. Herein, we highlight the influence of ambient environment and pressure to grow high quality carbon nanotubes. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used for structural characterization and yield determination. The result revealed that background gas and pressure were crucial factor for growing highly crystalline and highly graphitic with I_D/I_G ratio 0.237 obtained for MWCNTs' synthesized in H₂ environment with extreme low defects.

The growth of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been extensively studied using electron microscopy. The ex situ structural behavior was examined to investigate the growth of the MWCNTs under different environments and pressures using electron microscopy. The arc discharge plasma technique was applied to synthesize the MWCNTs by evaporating carbon through the arc plasma between two cylindrical graphite rods, with a background pressure of 10⁻² to 10² mbar, inside a vacuum chamber under different ambient environments. The results showed that long MWCNT structures were successfully grown. We suggest that the mechanism involves: (i) fullerene formation; (ii) the elongation of fullerenes; and (iii) the growth of MWCNTs. Agglomeration with other structures then forms MWCNT bundles. We note that the pressure and environment in the vacuum chamber can affect the structure of the MWCNTs.