Cyberbullying is a form of bullying that occurs through digital technology on various social media platforms. This issue has become critical, particularly when it involves racial statements that can threaten community harmony. Many researchers worldwide are working on solutions for automatic hate speech and cyberaggression detection using different machine learning models. This study aims to introduce a novel hybrid method for detecting cyberbullying, utilizing a combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), collectively referred to as SVM-LDA. The methodology involves integrating SVM and LDA techniques. The models efficiency was assessed using various metrics, offering a comparative analysis of the hybrid model against individual machine learning models. The results show that the proposed hybrid model achieved 96.1% accuracy and outperformed single machine learning models on the Twitter dataset. The hybrid model also demonstrated robustness in handling imbalanced classes for cyberbullying detection. The proposed SVM-LDA hybrid approach shows significant potential in effectively detecting cyberbullying, even in cases of class imbalance. This model offers a more robust solution compared to traditional single machine learning models in detecting cyberaggression.

Businesses are leveraging digital technology through e-commerce platforms as a strategy to continue operating following the movement control order (MCO). Online shopping, a subset of e-commerce platforms, allows consumers to browse, select, and purchase products using digital interfaces. Unfortunately, there is a lack of understanding of how this platform can impact customer behavior. Therefore, this study aims to develop new knowledge of customer behavior and assess the relationship between consumer behavior and e-service quality in online shopping to better understand the e-service quality provided by the vendor in Malaysia. A novel model of e-service quality and consumer behavior has been developed and investigated. Survey questionnaires were distributed and tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) to 200 customers who had experienced online shopping during COVID-19. The finding revealed that website design, security/privacy, and fulfillment are statistically correlated with e-service quality. However, customer service is not significantly correlated with e-service quality. Meanwhile, the quality of e-services is statistically significantly related to customer behavior. This study shows that e-service quality can provide good customer behavior post-COVID-19. Online shopping is therefore predicted to boost the economy of the country, but consumers also want high-quality e-services to continue. Retailers can improve their storefronts, engage customers, and promote responsible consumption.

This research examines the impact of entrepreneurial skills on the sustainable performance of homestay businesses in Terengganu, Malaysia. Despite the recognised significance of entrepreneurial competencies for business success, research on their impact on sustainable performance in homestays remains limited. The research examines how entrepreneurs’ skills, knowledge, and attitudes contribute to their sustainable business performance. The research employed a quantitative approach and purposive sampling to analyse 102 completed questionnaires using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed an unexpected outcome: While a positive attitude towards sustainability significantly influenced sustainable performance, entrepreneurial skills and knowledge did not directly impact it. These findings challenge the conventional understanding of entrepreneurial competencies, emphasising the critical role of attitude in driving sustainable performance. The study suggests that technical skills and knowledge are essential. However, they may not directly translate into sustainable performance. Hence, the study underscores the need for further research to explore contextual factors influencing the relationship between competencies and sustainable performance in homestays. These insights have crucial implications for entrepreneurial development programmes and policies in the tourism sector, particularly in fostering sustainable business practices.