The early and accurate detection of cancer remains a critical challenge in biomedical diagnostics. In this work, we propose and investigate a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor platform based on a multilayer configuration incorporating copper (Cu), silicon nitride (Si₃N₄), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) for the optical detection of various cancer types. Four distinct sensor architectures (Sys₁–Sys₄) were optimized through the systematic tuning of Cu thickness, Si₃N₄ dielectric layer thickness, and the number of MoS₂ monolayers to enhance sensitivity, angular shift, and spectral sharpness. The optimized systems were evaluated using refractive index data corresponding to six cancer types (skin, cervical, blood, adrenal, breast T1, and breast T2), with performance metrics including sensitivity, detection accuracy, quality factor, figure of merit, limit of detection, and comprehensive sensitivity factor. Among the configurations, Sys₃ (BK7–Cu–Si₃N₄–MoS₂) demonstrated the highest sensitivity, reaching 254.64 °/RIU for adrenal cancer, while maintaining a low detection limit and competitive figures of merit. Comparative analysis revealed that the MoS₂-based designs, particularly Sys₃, outperform conventional noble-metal architectures in terms of sensitivity while using earth-abundant, scalable materials. These results confirm the potential of Cu/Si₃N₄/MoS₂-based SPR biosensors as practical and effective tools for label-free cancer diagnosis across multiple malignancy types.

One of the main problems in the food industries is the use of various additives for the preservation of their products and to give an artificial flavor without the need to add natural products in their product, so these products have a relatively low percentage in terms of organic raw material and therefore your product will not have the same nutritional characteristics as a product made to Base of organic raw material such as fruits, cereals and vegetables. For this reason, food companies need to formulate and develop products that are based on organic raw material to bring to market products with high nutritional values and that do not have a great cost of obtaining so that the product is directed to all social classes without exclusion. Taking into account the need of the food company, quinoa pop will be formulated and elaborated for later use in the formulation and elaboration of an energy bar based on organic raw material using different concentrations of quinoa pop, nuts and honey to obtain a product of quality and safety, and sensory characteristics that are ideal for the consumer.

Introduction: leadership in organizations is continuously studied, always in search of new models that can adapt to organizational processes with greater flexibility, a reality that obliges organizations to adapt to avant-garde styles to promote organizational commitment. Objective: to explain the relationship between leadership and organizational commitment in public universities of the provincial government of Tungurahua - Republic of Ecuador. Methods: it is an explanatory research, embedded in the positivist paradigm, with a quantitative approach. The research design is field-based, transactional, and non-experimental. As a technique for gathering information, a Likert scale questionnaire was designed, with two parts for estimating leadership styles and organizational commitment, comprising a total of 80 items. The same instrument was validated through expert judgment, applied in a pilot test to 20 subjects with characteristics similar to the study population, obtaining reliability through Cronbach's alpha of 0,910. The collected information underwent processing and analysis through descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The results showed a moderate presence of laissez-faire leadership styles with a mean of 2,76 and democratic leadership with a mean of 2,11. Results: regarding organizational commitment, there was a slight estimation with a mean of 1,93; within the analysis, a high correlation of (0,635**) was obtained, highlighting transformational leadership and organizational commitment. Conclusions: the factors of leadership influencing organizational commitment in public universities of the province of Tungurahua - Republic of Ecuador were determined. In this sense, it was determined that leadership style influences commitment within the organization with a strong correlation. It was established that promoting this type of leadership should continue through managerial guidelines that strengthen organizational commitment

Este estudio se centra en la evaluación de la seguridad alimentaria, el acceso a servicios básicos y las prácticas de salud en familias con menores de edad en las comunidades rurales de colta y Riobamba. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta a 173 personas para analizar aspectos relacionados con la alimentación, el acceso a servicios esenciales, y las prácticas de salud e higiene. Los resultados indican que el 73% de las familias mantuvieron una dieta variada, mientras que el 27% enfrentó dificultades significativas para una alimentación adecuada. La mayoría de los hogares tienen acceso a electricidad (94%) y agua potable (75%), aunque persisten áreas de mejora en la cobertura de estos servicios. En términos de salud, el 98% de los encuestados practica el lavado de manos antes de las comidas, pero se identificaron deficiencias en la dieta de menores de edad, con un 25% reportando una alimentación inadecuada. Además, el 27% de las familias enfrentaron problemas para mantener una dieta variada debido a restricciones económicas. Este estudio resalta la necesidad de políticas que mejoren la seguridad alimentaria, fortalezcan la infraestructura de servicios básicos y promuevan prácticas de salud adecuadas en la comunidad.

Through this document, it was possible to analyze the main characteristics of the volume of scientific production regarding the study of the variables Food Processing, Innovation and Healthy Eating. A bibliometric analysis was proposed to analyze details such as Year of Publication, Country of Origin of the publication, Area of Knowledge in which the published research is carried out and the Type of Publication most frequently used by the authors of each document published in high-impact journals indexed in the Scopus database during the period between 2017 and 2022. Among the main findings, it was possible to determine that, for the execution of the different research methodologies, the report of 80 scientific documents related to the study of innovative trends in food processing within the tenure to a healthier and more sustainable diet was achieved. The maximum number of publications made in a year was 27 papers submitted in 2022. The country of origin of the institutions that reported the highest number of records in Scopus, was China with 15 documents. The area of knowledge with the greatest influence at the time of executing the research projects that resulted in scientific publications was Agriculture and Biological Sciences with 51 documents. Finally, the type of publication most frequently used to publicize findings from the analysis of the aforementioned variables was the Article, which represented 46% of the total scientific production.

El presente estudio se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de realizar un análisis microbiológico de las carnes molidas comercializadas en un mercado de la Ciudad de Riobamba. Se recolectaron muestras de diferentes establecimientos durante un período determinado y se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio para detectar la presencia de microorganismos patógenos y determinar su carga bacteriana. Los resultados revelaron la presencia de diversos microorganismos en las muestras de carne molida, incluyendo bacterias como Escherichia coli, Coliformes Totales, Aerobios mesófilos, Salmonella spp., y Staphylococcus aureus. Estos patógenos representan un riesgo potencial para la salud pública, ya que pueden causar enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos.Además, se observó que algunas muestras presentaban una carga bacteriana elevada, lo que indica un deficiente manejo higiénico-sanitario durante la producción y manipulación de las carnes molidas. Esto resalta la importancia de implementar medidas de control y buenas prácticas en la cadena de producción de alimentos, con el fin de garantizar la seguridad y calidad de los productos cárnicos. En conclusión, este estudio destaca la necesidad de realizar una vigilancia microbiológica continua en los productos cárnicos comercializados en mercados, como una estrategia para prevenir la aparición de brotes de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos. Asimismo, resalta la importancia de concientizar a los productores y manipuladores de alimentos sobre la importancia de mantener buenas prácticas de higiene y manipulación para salvaguardar la salud de los consumidores.