Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), encompassing unstable angina, NSTEMI, and STEMI, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Novel inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers may provide incremental value for risk stratification beyond conventional predictors. This work sought to determine whether the Pan-Immune-Inflammatory Value (PIV) and the Hemoglobin-Albumin-Lymphocyte-Platelet (HALP) score could serve as independent prognostic indicators in individuals presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study included ACS patients hospitalized between January 2020 and May 2024. Demographics, clinical data, and laboratory results were collected. PIV was calculated as follows: neutrophils × platelets × monocytes/lymphocytes. HALP score was calculated as follows: hemoglobin × albumin × lymphocytes/platelets. Correlations with clinical parameters and mortality prediction were analyzed. Results: A total of 1134 patients (mean age 62 ± 12 years) were included. PIV showed positive correlations with WBC (Rho = 0.574), troponin (Rho = 0.381), and CRP (Rho = 0.295), and negative correlations with HDL (Rho = –0.101) and ejection fraction (Rho = –0.316) (all p < 0.01). PIV independently predicted mortality with a cut-off ≥1074.2 (AUC = 0.619, sensitivity 45%, specificity 79.9%). HALP score negatively correlated with age, troponin, CRP, and ICU stay, and predicted mortality with a cut-off ≤3.58 (AUC = 0.722, sensitivity 53.8%, specificity 82%). Comparative ROC analysis showed that HALP demonstrated superior discriminative ability for mortality prediction compared with PIV. Conclusions: PIV and HALP score are independent prognostic markers in ACS, reflecting inflammatory burden and nutritional status. Their integration into clinical workflows may enhance risk stratification and support individualized management strategies. Given their simplicity and universal availability, PIV and HALP may serve as practical adjunctive tools to established risk scores, enabling early identification of high-risk ACS patients at the time of admission.

Introduction Ascending aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an aortic disease that can progress with serious complications. The roles of hyperlipidemia and inflammation in its etiology are controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the predictive value of indices that can indirectly reflect hyperlipidemia and inflammation in patients with AAA. Methods This prospective study included 146 patients diagnosed with AAA and 88 controls. Demographic data, clinical history and laboratory results, including the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), atherogenic coefficient (AC), pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), were collected. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between these indices and the aortic diameter. Results Patients with AAA presented significantly higher PIV levels than controls did (p>0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the AIP, AC, or SII between the patient and control groups. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between the aortic diameter and the studied indices (p<0.05). PIV was the only significant parameter with a p-value of 0.026 (AUC: 0.587) according to the ROC analysis. Conclusion These findings suggest that while hyperlipidemia, as measured by the AIP and AC, may not play a direct role in AAA progression, inflammation indicated by PIV could be an important factor. Especially in resource-limited settings, these useful indicators can improve AAA management before the disease progresses to an advanced stage.

Introduction: It is now known that the microbiota is far beyond the microbial communities living in certain parts of our body and functions like a metabolic organ. In addition, the microbiota, through its metabolites, is involved in the pathophysiology or progression of a wide range of diseases, from atherosclerotic diseases to metabolic diseases and even neurological diseases. Among these metabolites, trimethylamine n‐oxide metabolite has been shown to be particularly effective in atherosclerotic heart diseases.Materials and Methods: A total of 155 patients, who underwent coroner angiography for stable angina were included in the study. Of these patients, 81 patients with coronary artery ectasia (patient group) and 74 patients without coronary artery ectasia (control group) were evaluated for trimethylamine n‐oxide metabolite.Results: Statistically significantly higher trimethylamine n‐oxide metabolite levels were observed in the coronary artery ectasia group compared to the control group.Conclusion: The significantly higher trimethylamine n‐oxide levels in patients with coronary artery ectasia without coronary artery disease suggest that the microbiota and its metabolites independently play a role in the pathophysiology or progression of vascular remodeling or endothelial dysfunctions. Also, its effect on the endothelial surface may depend on the threshold value.

Amaç: Bu çalışma, akut koroner sendrom (AKS) tanısı alan hastalarda eritrosit da%ılım genişli%i/albümin oranının (RAR) prognostik de%erini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif, iki merkezli çalışmaya, 1 Ocak 2020 ile 1 Haziran 2025 tarihleri arasında Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi ve Konya Beyhekim E%itim ve Araştırma Hastanesi kardiyoloji kliniklerinde AKS tanısı ile izlenen 677 hasta dahil edildi. Çalışma popülasyonunun %63,5'i (n = 430) STEMI, %27,5'i (n = 186) NSTEMI ve %9,0'ı (n = 61) instabil angina pektoris (UAP) olarak sınıflandırıldı. Demografik, klinik ve laboratuvar parametreleri retrospektif olarak kaydedildi. RAR de%erleri şu formül kullanılarak hesaplandı: RDW (%) / Albümin (g/dL). Hastalar hastane içi mortaliteye göre iki gruba ayrıldı ve karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Genel ortalama RAR 4,03 ± 0,92 idi. Eksitus olan hastalarda RAR, hayatta kalanlara göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (4,76 ± 1,01'e karşı 3,95 ± 0,84; p < 0,001). Lojistik regresyon analizinde yaş (OR 1,05; p = 0,001), ejeksiyon fraksiyonu (OR 0,93; p < 0,001) ve RAR (OR 2,87; p < 0,001) hastane içi mortalitenin ba%ımsız öngördürücüleri olarak belirlendi. ROC e%risi analizi, RAR için 0,864'lük bir AUC (%95 GA: 0,810–0,917) gösterdi; ≥ 0,373 kestirim de%erinde duyarlılık %93,2 ve özgüllük %71,2 olarak saptandı.Sonuçlar: RAR, AKS'li hastalarda mortaliteyi ve advers klinik sonuçları öngörmek için güçlü bir biyobelirteçtir. Rutin kan testlerinden kolayca elde edilen pratik ve düşük maliyetli bir parametre olarak RAR, klinisyenlere erken risk sınıflandırmasında yardımcı olabilir. Bu bulgular, kardiyovasküler prognozun belirlenmesinde inflamasyonun ve beslenme durumunun önemini desteklemektedir.