Research on medicinal plants is essential for their conservation, propagation, resistance to environmental stress, and domestication. The use of organic nutrition has been demonstrated to improve soil fertility and plant quality. It is also important to study the effects of the Basic Cation Saturation Ratio (BCSR) approach, which is a topic where there is currently controversy and limited scientific information. Evaluating the growth and yields of Agastache mexicana subsp. mexicana (Amm) in different environments is crucial for developing effective propagation and domestication strategies. This includes examining warm and subhumid environments with rain in summer in comparison to mild environments with summer rain. Significant differences were observed in the effects of cold, waterlogging, and heat stresses on the plant’s biomass yield and the morphometric-quantitative modeling by means of isolines. The biomass yield was 56% higher in environment one compared to environment two, 19% higher in environment one with organic nutrition, and 48% higher in environment two with organic nutrition compared to using only BCSR nutrition. In the second harvesting cycle, the plants in environment one did not survive, while the plants in environment two managed to survive without needing additional nutrition. Statistical and mathematical analyses provided information about the population or sample. Additionally, further analysis using isolines as a new approach revealed new insights into understanding phenology and growth issues.

El problema a investigar fue la limitada comprensión de qué enfoques formativos favorecen realmente el desarrollo de ciudadanía digital crítica en estudiantes de educación media superior y superior. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar sistemáticamente la evidencia empírica sobre programas, cursos e intervenciones orientadas a dicha ciudadanía digital crítica, identificando sus enfoques y resultados. El método utilizado fue una revisión sistemática basada en la declaración PRISMA 2020, con búsquedas en Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, SciELO y Redalyc de estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2025, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente definidos y seleccionando 12 estudios empíricos. Los resultados de la investigación mostraron mejoras consistentes en conocimientos, actitudes éticas y uso responsable de las tecnologías, pero avances más modestos en participación cívica digital y activismo crítico, junto con importantes limitaciones metodológicas. Se trata de un campo emergente que demanda diseños formativos integrados, evaluación auténtica y una mayor contextualización en contextos latinoamericanos.

Projects integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) are essential to interdisciplinary research. This study presents a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) methodology with the primary objective of designing, constructing, and validating a functional cannabinoid extraction device. To inform the device’s drying parameters, the dehydration kinetics of female hemp buds or flowering buds (FHB) were first analyzed using infrared drying at 100 °C for different durations. The plants were cultivated and harvested in accordance with good agricultural practices using Dinamed CBD Autoflowering seeds. The FHB were harvested and prepared by manually separating them from the stems and leaves. Six 5 g samples were prepared, each with a slab geometry of varying surface area and thickness. Two of these samples were ground: one into a fine powder and the other into a coarse powder. Mathematical fits were obtained for each resulting curve using either an exponential decay model or the logarithmic equation $y\left(t\right)=A\left(e^{-kt}\right)+y_0$ calculate the equilibrium moisture (m_E). The Moisture Rate (MR) was calculated, and by modelling with the logarithmic equation, the constant k and the effective diffusivity (Deff) were determined with the analytical solution of Fick’s second law. The Deff values (ranging from 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁵) were higher than previously reported. The coarsely ground powder sample yielded the highest k and Deff values and was selected for oil extraction. The device was then designed using Quality Function Deployment (QFD), specifically the House of Quality (HoQ) matrix, to systematically translate user requirements into technical specifications. A 200 g sample of coarsely ground, dehydrated FHB was prepared for ethanol extraction. Chemical results obtained by Liquid Chromatography coupled with Photodiode Array Detection (LC-PDA) revealed the presence of THC, CBN, CBC, and CBG. The extraction device design was validated using previous results showing the presence of CBD and CBDA. The constructed device successfully extracted cannabinoids, including Δ9-THC, CBG, CBC, and CBN, from coarsely ground FHB, validating the integrated STEM approach. This work demonstrates a practical framework for developing accessible agro-technical devices through interdisciplinary collaboration.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la actividad ovicida in vitro del extracto acuoso (Aq-E) de concentraciones a 12, 6, and 3 µg/ml del látex de Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) en el parásito de las ovejas Haemonchus contortus. Los datos se analizaron con un diseño completamente al azar. Cambios morfo estructurales de huevos expuestos al extracto fueron observados bajo un microscopio óptico, y los compuestos secundarios del látex fueron analizados con pruebas cualitativas de fitoquímicos. Los resultados mostraron alta inhibición de eclosión de huevos (EHI ovicidal test) in vitro, con valores cercanos a 100% (P < 0.05) a la concentración 12 µg/ml, muy similares al control. La inhibición disminuyó a 55.4% con la concentración 3 µg/ml, lo que indica un efecto dependiente de la concentración. El análisis fitoquímico de Aq-E mostró alcaloides, y micrográficas daño celular en huevos expuestos al extracto, comparados con los que no fueron expuestos. Los resultados sugieren que Aq-E de la papaya tiene compuestos bioactivos con fuerte actividad ovicida in vitro, lo que puede ser una opción buena y costeable para controlar nemátodos gastrointestinales en rumiantes pequeños.

Medicinal plants are crucial for developing new medicines; the Agastache mexicana subspecies mexicana (Amm) or “toronjil morado” is considered an at-risk plant because of its inability to grow outside of its natural habitat. This research aims to measure the response of Amm to achieve survival with low nutrient levels and water stress, supported by different dioxide silicon (SiO₂) (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8%) and artificial shading (AS) levels (38, 87, and 94%). Applying AS and SiO₂ supported gradual tolerance to the effects of both waterlogging and drought stresses. The survival values were statistically significant in the interaction and simple analysis of SiO₂ and AS, where p = 0.0001. The highest survival percentage (SP) value was SP = 91.3% for treatment number six (τ₆), where AS = 94% and SiO₂ = 0.2%. Additionally, the index of survival efficiency under water stress (SI_ef) was calculated, with the highest value being SI_ef = 0.062 for the hypothetical interaction of AS = 94% and SiO₂ = 0.4. Research has shown that applying both SiO₂ and a high level of AS can guarantee the survival of Amm under water stress.

Upper secondary education requires teachers who develop transformative skills and competencies to improve the teaching process through innovative practices integrated with the use of disruptive technologies. These technologies encompass common and complex digital tools such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Robotics, and learning analytics. This study aimed to review 22 articles obtained from the Scielo, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases, published between 2020 and 2025, using the PRISMA method. The results indicate that the most frequently used disruptive technologies are AI, digital platforms, specialized software, and robotics. This allows teachers to generate innovative teaching strategies, thereby strengthening their skills and competencies. However, limitations and challenges exist within educational institutions, such as a lack of infrastructure, the digital divide, insufficient training, and inadequate conditions for implementing disruptive technologies.