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Agata Czarnigowska
Department Of Construction Methods and Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

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Journal article
Published: 25 August 2021 in Sustainability
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The paper puts forward a mixed integer linear programming model to support the long-term planning and budgeting for renewal and capital improvements of residential buildings, i.e., to select the optimal sequence of repair and improvement actions over a predefined planning horizon. The input is provided by the evaluation of the building performance according to a set of criteria. Then a set of possible repairs, replacements and improvements needs to be proposed together with the estimates of their cost and benefits; the latter are expressed by increments of building performance ratings according to predefined criteria. The renewal and modernization measures are not mutually independent: at least some of them are complementary and should be carried out in a specific order. The optimization problem was to define the order of renewal/improvement measures resulting with the highest benefits available within the budget, or to achieve the required levels of building performance at the lowest cost. A unique feature of the model is the approach to the constraints on sequential relationships between the measures and to their selection. The model can be used to construct long-term renewal and capital improvement plans.

ACS Style

Robert Bucoń; Agata Czarnigowska. Sequential Model for Long-Term Planning of Building Renewal and Capital Improvement. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9575 .

AMA Style

Robert Bucoń, Agata Czarnigowska. Sequential Model for Long-Term Planning of Building Renewal and Capital Improvement. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9575.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Bucoń; Agata Czarnigowska. 2021. "Sequential Model for Long-Term Planning of Building Renewal and Capital Improvement." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9575.

Research article
Published: 25 January 2020 in Pest Management Science
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BACKGROUND Achieving sustainability of agricultural production is one of the key challenges for humanity. Minimizing the use of chemicals and replacing them with biological plant protection is, firstly, fully in line with the agriculture's development strategy and, secondly, confirmed to be achievable in practice. For instance, many researchers point to the potential of using Trichogramma spp. to control Ostrinia nubilalis in maize. However, the application methods for preparations containing Trichogramma spp. are still at the stage of development. So far, ground application proved time and energy consuming. Aerial application using ultralight aircraft is a new option. RESULTS The paper presents the results of tests on the effectiveness of applying Trichogramma spp. from the board of an ultralight gyroplane. A 6‐year experiment was conducted on a maize monoculture located in south‐western Poland. The results indicate that the low‐height aerial application allows precise dosing and satisfactory distribution of the biopesticide. The efficacy of 60–85% (depending on the year) of the gyroplane‐based spraying operations was comparable with that observed for ground application. CONCLUSION Considering the speed and high efficiency of the treatment, using a gyroplane as a carrier of the biopesticide application system is a good alternative to the other methods. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Małgorzata Bzowska‐Bakalarz; Piotr Bulak; Paweł K. Bereś; Agata Czarnigowska; Jacek Czarnigowski; Bartłomiej Karamon; Michał Pniak; Andrzej Bieganowski. Using gyroplane for application of Trichogramma spp. against the European corn borer in maize. Pest Management Science 2020, 76, 2243 -2250.

AMA Style

Małgorzata Bzowska‐Bakalarz, Piotr Bulak, Paweł K. Bereś, Agata Czarnigowska, Jacek Czarnigowski, Bartłomiej Karamon, Michał Pniak, Andrzej Bieganowski. Using gyroplane for application of Trichogramma spp. against the European corn borer in maize. Pest Management Science. 2020; 76 (6):2243-2250.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Małgorzata Bzowska‐Bakalarz; Piotr Bulak; Paweł K. Bereś; Agata Czarnigowska; Jacek Czarnigowski; Bartłomiej Karamon; Michał Pniak; Andrzej Bieganowski. 2020. "Using gyroplane for application of Trichogramma spp. against the European corn borer in maize." Pest Management Science 76, no. 6: 2243-2250.

Conference paper
Published: 18 September 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The selection of suppliers is one of the key issues of supply logistics of any business entity. Due to the globalization of the economy and the rapid technological progress, the choice of products and the number of vendors is growing, which makes the selection process difficult. The specific character of the construction projects (one-off contracts with no incentives of the steady orders from one client, the need to adjust the batch size to the pace of the construction works whereas this pace is affected by risks and uncertainties, short time for planning, etc.) poses extra challenges to the suppliers' production and transportation capacities and defines what "capable suppliers" mean for the project success. Therefore, the criteria of a construction project supplier selection go far beyond the obvious "price". They need to refer to the supplier's bid as well as the supplier's own qualities (financial standing, reputation, flexibility). Though the selection process is expected to be based on unequivocal and objective input, in practice, it rests upon opinions and artificial measures used in lieu of the complete information. This input is, thus, fuzzy by nature and ignoring this fact may lead to wrong decisions. Therefore, the authors analyze the ways of quantifying supplier selection criteria and the methods of using them in the decision-making process presented in the literature. Then, they present a numerical example of supplier selection based on AHP with the fuzzy input, juxtaposing it with the results of the "classical" AHP with a crisp input. The results are different. Though this difference cannot be generalized, it indicates that the method of analysis may strongly affect the decision-makers choices.

ACS Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaskowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Fuzzy AHP for selecting suppliers of construction materials. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 603, 032093 .

AMA Style

Sławomir Biruk, Piotr Jaskowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Fuzzy AHP for selecting suppliers of construction materials. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 603 (3):032093.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaskowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2019. "Fuzzy AHP for selecting suppliers of construction materials." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 603, no. 3: 032093.

Conference paper
Published: 18 September 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The Monte Carlo simulation has become a standard tool in the practice of planning risk-affected projects. In particular, it is frequently applied to testing the impact of risk on schedule networks with deterministic structures and random activity durations defined by distribution functions of any type. The accuracy of simulation-based estimates can be improved by increasing the number of replications or by applying variance reduction methods. This paper focuses on the latter and analyzes the impact of the variance reduction method on the scale of the standard error of the estimated mean value of project duration. Three methods of variance reduction were examined: the Quasi-Monte Carlo with Weyl sequence sampling, the antithetic variates, and the Latin Hypercube Sampling. The object of the simulation experiment was a sample network model with the activity durations of triangular distributions. This type of distribution was selected as it is often applied in the practice of construction scheduling to capture the variability of operating conditions in the absence of grounds for assuming other types of distribution. The results of the sample simulation provided an indirect proof that applying variance reduction measures may reduce the time of the simulation experiment (reduced number of replications) as well as improve the confidence in the estimates of the model's characteristics.

ACS Style

Slawomir Biruk; Piotr Jaskowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Assessing the Efficiency of Variance Reduction Methods in the Construction Project Network Simulation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 603, 032094 .

AMA Style

Slawomir Biruk, Piotr Jaskowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Assessing the Efficiency of Variance Reduction Methods in the Construction Project Network Simulation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 603 (3):032094.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Slawomir Biruk; Piotr Jaskowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2019. "Assessing the Efficiency of Variance Reduction Methods in the Construction Project Network Simulation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 603, no. 3: 032094.

Journal article
Published: 27 June 2019 in Open Engineering
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The approach used by construction companies to determine bid prices is an element of their strategy used to win jobs in competitive tenders. Such strategies build upon an analysis of the contactor’s potential and capabilities (am I able to deliver? am I eligible to participate in the tender?), and the analysis of the economic environment, including the expected behavior of competitors. The tender strategy sets out both the guidelines and the procedure in deciding whether or not to bid as well as the rules for determining the price. The price, on the one hand, should be high enough to cover expected direct and indirect costs as well as risk-adjusted profit. On the other hand, it needs to be low enough to be considered most attractive (typically: the lowest) among the prices offered by the competitors. The paper focuses on the price definition component of the bidding strategy. It provides a brief overview of the existing methods that support bidding decisions by comparing their demand for input and limitations in practical applications and presents a simulation-based method supporting the determination of the profit ratio. This probabilistic method assumes the existence of a positive correlation between the prices offered by the competitors. Its application is illustrated by means of a numerical example. The outcomes of the simulation prompt the amount of the profit margin that maximizes the expected value of the contractor’s profit.

ACS Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Contractor’s bid pricing strategy: a model with correlation among competitors’ prices. Open Engineering 2019, 9, 159 -166.

AMA Style

Piotr Jaśkowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Contractor’s bid pricing strategy: a model with correlation among competitors’ prices. Open Engineering. 2019; 9 (1):159-166.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2019. "Contractor’s bid pricing strategy: a model with correlation among competitors’ prices." Open Engineering 9, no. 1: 159-166.

Conference paper
Published: 24 February 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Despite strict safety regulations and general awareness of risks related with work at height, scaffoldings are associated with many accidents. The scale of the problem of unsafe scaffolding can be indirectly analysed on the basis of individual accident reports and statistics. However, the total number, types, purposes, sizes, and condition of scaffoldings used in the practice of Polish construction sites have not been assessed do far. The authors intend to fill this gap by conducting regular observation of scaffoldings erected in selected Polish urban areas. This paper presents the methodology of data collection and compares scaffoldings observed in two big cities, Warsaw and Poznań. Although the method misses scaffoldings out of sight of the assessor and, due to urban locations, focuses on building and not industrial or infrastructure projects, it gives a good idea of the qualities of scaffoldings in use, and enables estimating changes in the number of scaffoldings over the year. As comes from the analysis, frame scaffoldings are the most popular type used in Polish construction. Users commonly choose the narrowest option (less than 70 cm of usable width of the platform) and apply them to a variety of works, be it placing concrete, cladding walls with ETICS or even heavy stone elements, or providing access to roofs. Modular scaffoldings are second most popular, whereas the tube and fitting type is used in extremely rare cases. Small projects (individual housing, small-scale repairs) frequently rely on combination of elements of systems scaffoldings and are often incomplete. Interestingly, "bad scaffoldings" do not appear only in remote suburbs. As for the changes of the number of scaffoldings over the year, the pattern is not as clear as could be expected in the case of a cold climate country. The findings indicate that occupational safety culture is still low.

ACS Style

Robert Bucon; Agata Czarnigowska; Piotr Kmiecik; Aleksander Robak. Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Scaffolding Used in Polish Cities: Focus on Safety. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 471, 112059 .

AMA Style

Robert Bucon, Agata Czarnigowska, Piotr Kmiecik, Aleksander Robak. Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Scaffolding Used in Polish Cities: Focus on Safety. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 471 (11):112059.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Bucon; Agata Czarnigowska; Piotr Kmiecik; Aleksander Robak. 2019. "Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Scaffolding Used in Polish Cities: Focus on Safety." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471, no. 11: 112059.

Conference paper
Published: 23 February 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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A competitive tender with the lowest price as the only (or the main) criterion of contractor selection is one of the most common approaches to procurement in construction. On the one hand, it is expected to offer the greatest benefits of competition to the client; on the other hand, it forces numerous competitors to engage time and resources for bid preparation with a low chance to win the job. To stay in the market, the contractor needs to foresee the behaviour of the competitors (which implies knowing who they are and what prices are they likely to offer), and apply some strategy to increase his/her probability to win without compromising the profits. A number of mathematical models of competitive bidding process can be found in the literature, from the earliest basing on probability theory, to more recent that apply artificial neural networks or fuzzy set theory. The paper presents a probability-based method of estimating the optimal bid price (which means a price of maximum expected value of the contractor's profit) in lowest bid tenders that stems from Friedman's model (1956). The authors discuss the assumptions that make the model applicable to real-life situations of specialized construction contractors. A worked example based on case-study data is presented to illustrate the idea. To be used in practice, the proposed model has to be fed with up-to-date results of tenders (number of competitors, and their bid prices). The proposed strategy thus rests upon careful monitoring of the market and internal condition of the bidder.

ACS Style

Piotr Jaskowski; Sławomir Biruk; Agata Czarnigowska. Strategy for Mark-up Definition in Competitive Tenders for Construction Work. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 471, 112060 .

AMA Style

Piotr Jaskowski, Sławomir Biruk, Agata Czarnigowska. Strategy for Mark-up Definition in Competitive Tenders for Construction Work. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 471 (11):112060.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Jaskowski; Sławomir Biruk; Agata Czarnigowska. 2019. "Strategy for Mark-up Definition in Competitive Tenders for Construction Work." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471, no. 11: 112060.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2018 in Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska
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Authors put forward a mixed linear programming model for optimizing supplies of construction material consumed in non-uniform way. The model enables the user to consider cost implications of material substitution and selecting suppliers that offer the material at varying level of pre-processing, as well as buying to stock with limited capacity of stacking areas. The model serves finding the economic order quantities in consecutive units of time and selecting supply chains.

ACS Style

Agata Czarnigowska; Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka. Model decyzyjny wyboru łańcuchów zaopatrzenia przedsięwzięcia w wyroby budowlane. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2018, 27, 269 -279.

AMA Style

Agata Czarnigowska, Piotr Jaśkowski, Anna Sobotka. Model decyzyjny wyboru łańcuchów zaopatrzenia przedsięwzięcia w wyroby budowlane. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2018; 27 (3):269-279.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agata Czarnigowska; Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka. 2018. "Model decyzyjny wyboru łańcuchów zaopatrzenia przedsięwzięcia w wyroby budowlane." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 27, no. 3: 269-279.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Automation in Construction
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ACS Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka; Agata Czarnigowska. Decision model for planning material supply channels in construction. Automation in Construction 2018, 90, 235 -242.

AMA Style

Piotr Jaśkowski, Anna Sobotka, Agata Czarnigowska. Decision model for planning material supply channels in construction. Automation in Construction. 2018; 90 ():235-242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka; Agata Czarnigowska. 2018. "Decision model for planning material supply channels in construction." Automation in Construction 90, no. : 235-242.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2017 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Subcontracting has been a worldwide practice in the construction industry. It enables the construction enterprises to focus on their core competences and, at the same time, it makes complex project possible to be delivered. Since general contractors bear full responsibility for the works carried out by their subcontractors, it is their task and their risk to select a right subcontractor for a particular work. Although subcontractor management has been admitted to significantly affect the construction project's performance, current practices and past research deal with subcontractor management and scheduling separately. The proposed model aims to support subcontracting decisions by integrating subcontractor selection with scheduling to enable the general contractor to select the optimal combination of subcontractors and own crews for all work packages of the project. The model allows for the interactions between the subcontractors and their impacts on the overall project performance in terms of cost and, indirectly, time and quality. The model is intended to be used at the general contractor's bid preparation stage. The authors claim that the subcontracting decisions should be taken in a two-stage process. The first stage is a prequalification – provision of a short list of capable and reliable subcontractors; this stage is not the focus of the paper. The resulting pool of available resources is divided into two subsets: subcontractors, and general contractor's in-house crews. Once it has been defined, the next stage is to assign them to the work packages that, bound by fixed precedence constraints, form the project's network diagram. Each package is possible to be delivered by the general contractor's crew or some of the potential subcontractors, at a specific time and cost. Particular crews and subcontractors can be contracted more than one package, but not at the same time. Other constraints include the predefined project completion date (the project is not allowed to take longer) and maximum total value of subcontracted work. The problem is modelled as a mixed binary linear program that minimizes project cost. It can be solved using universal solvers (e.g. LINGO, AIMMS, CPLEX, MATLAB and Optimization Toolbox, etc.). However, developing a dedicated decision-support tool would facilitate practical applications. To illustrate the idea of the model, the authors present a numerical example to find the optimal set of resources allocated to a project.

ACS Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Minimizing Project Cost by Integrating Subcontractor Selection Decisions with Scheduling. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2017, 245, 72007 .

AMA Style

Sławomir Biruk, Piotr Jaśkowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Minimizing Project Cost by Integrating Subcontractor Selection Decisions with Scheduling. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017; 245 (7):72007.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2017. "Minimizing Project Cost by Integrating Subcontractor Selection Decisions with Scheduling." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 245, no. 7: 72007.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2017 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Many civil engineering projects involve sets of tasks repeated in a predefined sequence in a number of work areas along a particular route. A useful graphical representation of schedules of such projects is time-distance diagrams that clearly show what process is conducted at a particular point of time and in particular location. With repetitive tasks, the quality of project performance is conditioned by the ability of the planner to optimize workflow by synchronizing the works and resources, which usually means that resources are planned to be continuously utilized. However, construction processes are prone to risks, and a fully synchronized schedule may expire if a disturbance (bad weather, machine failure etc.) affects even one task. In such cases, works need to be rescheduled, and another optimal schedule should be built for the changed circumstances. This typically means that, to meet the fixed completion date, durations of operations have to be reduced. A number of measures are possible to achieve such reduction: working overtime, employing more resources or relocating resources from less to more critical tasks, but they all come at a considerable cost and affect the whole project. The paper investigates the problem of selecting the measures that reduce durations of tasks of a linear project so that the cost of these measures is kept to the minimum and proposes an algorithm that could be applied to find optimal solutions as the need to reschedule arises. Considering that civil engineering projects, such as road building, usually involve less process types than construction projects, the complexity of scheduling problems is lower, and precise optimization algorithms can be applied. Therefore, the authors put forward a linear programming model of the problem and illustrate its principle of operation with an example.

ACS Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Updating Linear Schedules with Lowest Cost: a Linear Programming Model. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2017, 245, 72011 .

AMA Style

Sławomir Biruk, Piotr Jaśkowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Updating Linear Schedules with Lowest Cost: a Linear Programming Model. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017; 245 ():72011.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2017. "Updating Linear Schedules with Lowest Cost: a Linear Programming Model." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 245, no. : 72011.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in Engineering Management in Production and Services
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The authors aim to provide a set of tools to facilitate the main stages of the competitive bidding process for construction contractors. These involve 1) deciding whether to bid, 2) calculating the total price, and 3) breaking down the total price into the items of the bill of quantities or the schedule of payments to optimise contractor cash flows. To define factors that affect the decision to bid, the authors rely upon literature on the subject and put forward that multi-criteria methods are applied to calculate a single measure of contract attractiveness (utility value). An attractive contract implies that the contractor is likely to offer a lower price to increase chances of winning the competition. The total bid price is thus to be interpolated between the lowest acceptable and the highest justifiable price based on the contract attractiveness. With the total bid price established, the next step is to split it between the items of the schedule of payments. A linear programming model is proposed for this purpose. The application of the models is illustrated with a numerical example.The model produces an economically justified bid price together with its breakdown, maintaining the logical proportion between unit prices of particular items of the schedule of payment. Contrary to most methods presented in the literature, the method does not focus on the trade-off between probability of winning and the price but is solely devoted to defining the most reasonable price under project-specific circumstances.The approach proposed in the paper promotes a systematic approach to real-life bidding problems. It integrates practices observed in operation of construction enterprises and uses directly available input. It may facilitate establishing the contractor’s in-house procedures and managerial decision support systems for the pricing process.

ACS Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Modelling contractor’s bidding decision. Engineering Management in Production and Services 2017, 9, 64 -73.

AMA Style

Sławomir Biruk, Piotr Jaśkowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Modelling contractor’s bidding decision. Engineering Management in Production and Services. 2017; 9 (1):64-73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2017. "Modelling contractor’s bidding decision." Engineering Management in Production and Services 9, no. 1: 64-73.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Modeling Contractor's Bidding Decisions. Procedia Engineering 2017, 182, 91 -98.

AMA Style

Sławomir Biruk, Piotr Jaśkowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Modeling Contractor's Bidding Decisions. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 182 ():91-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sławomir Biruk; Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2017. "Modeling Contractor's Bidding Decisions." Procedia Engineering 182, no. : 91-98.

Journal article
Published: 28 September 2015 in The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering
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Efficiency of road works is conditioned by selection of machines and synchronizing their operations. Modelling these works using queuing theory allows the planner to conduct an in-depth analysis of the system’s operation to find the best machine types and their optimal number. For simple cases, analytic formulas are used to calculate such parameters as a probability of a server’s standing idle, average length of a queue, or average waiting time. However, complex real-life systems are to be analyzed more efficiently by means of simulations. The paper presents simulation model of a road repaving project. Using it, the authors evaluated the economic effect and output of the system served by different machine sets. Applying a number of additional optimization criteria (cost, productivity, machine utilization rates, etc.) the authors were able to find most suitable machine sets.

ACS Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska; Zbigniew Tokarski; Anna Sobotka. Simulation for selecting road works equipment. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 2015, 10, 216 -223.

AMA Style

Piotr Jaśkowski, Agata Czarnigowska, Zbigniew Tokarski, Anna Sobotka. Simulation for selecting road works equipment. The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering. 2015; 10 (3):216-223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Agata Czarnigowska; Zbigniew Tokarski; Anna Sobotka. 2015. "Simulation for selecting road works equipment." The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 10, no. 3: 216-223.

Conference paper
Published: 02 September 2015 in Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management
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ACS Style

Jacek Czarnigowski; Agata Czarnigowska. Aviation Regulations and Project Management: Developing a New System for an Aircraft Piston Engine. Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management 2015, 1 .

AMA Style

Jacek Czarnigowski, Agata Czarnigowska. Aviation Regulations and Project Management: Developing a New System for an Aircraft Piston Engine. Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management. 2015; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacek Czarnigowski; Agata Czarnigowska. 2015. "Aviation Regulations and Project Management: Developing a New System for an Aircraft Piston Engine." Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 02 September 2015 in Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management
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ACS Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka; Agata Czarnigowska. Assessing Construction Supply Chains: Search for the Best Configuration. Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management 2015, 1 .

AMA Style

Piotr Jaśkowski, Anna Sobotka, Agata Czarnigowska. Assessing Construction Supply Chains: Search for the Best Configuration. Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management. 2015; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka; Agata Czarnigowska. 2015. "Assessing Construction Supply Chains: Search for the Best Configuration." Proceedings of the 2015 (6th) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 12 March 2014 in Engineering Economics
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ACS Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka; Agata Czarnigowska. Decision Model for Selecting Supply Sources of Road Construction Aggregates. Engineering Economics 2014, 25, 1 .

AMA Style

Piotr Jaśkowski, Anna Sobotka, Agata Czarnigowska. Decision Model for Selecting Supply Sources of Road Construction Aggregates. Engineering Economics. 2014; 25 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Jaśkowski; Anna Sobotka; Agata Czarnigowska. 2014. "Decision Model for Selecting Supply Sources of Road Construction Aggregates." Engineering Economics 25, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2014 in Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management
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ACS Style

A. Czarnigowska; A. Sobotka. Estimating Construction Duration for Public Roads During the Preplanning Phase. Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management 2014, 4, 26 -35.

AMA Style

A. Czarnigowska, A. Sobotka. Estimating Construction Duration for Public Roads During the Preplanning Phase. Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management. 2014; 4 (1):26-35.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Czarnigowska; A. Sobotka. 2014. "Estimating Construction Duration for Public Roads During the Preplanning Phase." Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management 4, no. 1: 26-35.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2013 in Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering
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ACS Style

Agata Czarnigowska; Anna Sobotka. Time–cost relationship for predicting construction duration. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 2013, 13, 518 -526.

AMA Style

Agata Czarnigowska, Anna Sobotka. Time–cost relationship for predicting construction duration. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 2013; 13 (4):518-526.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agata Czarnigowska; Anna Sobotka. 2013. "Time–cost relationship for predicting construction duration." Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 4: 518-526.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2013 in Budownictwo i Architektura
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The paper aims at creating a model of road construction duration in the function of project qualities including the construction cost. The qualities considered are likely to be defined or possible to be estimated at early stages of project planning, giving no consideration to construction method or organisation of works. Potentially, the model might be applied by construction clients in their feasibility studies. It could also be used for comparing construction duration or construction rate with respect to project qualities.

ACS Style

Agata Czarnigowska; Anna Sobotka. Time-Cost Relationship for Predicting Construction Duration. Budownictwo i Architektura 2013, 12, 023 -030.

AMA Style

Agata Czarnigowska, Anna Sobotka. Time-Cost Relationship for Predicting Construction Duration. Budownictwo i Architektura. 2013; 12 (1):023-030.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agata Czarnigowska; Anna Sobotka. 2013. "Time-Cost Relationship for Predicting Construction Duration." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 1: 023-030.