The article deals with the results of dynamic interpretation of 3D CDPM seismic data in combination with logging data. The authors were faced with the task of comparing the results of pre-stack seismic inversion and neural learning technology in the conditions of the Arykty gas condensate field. The reason for this was the low seismic knowledge of the studied area, the fairly good predicted prospects for oil and gas content in the region, and the need to study the criteria for selecting a particular dynamic interpretation procedure. In this regard, an attempt was made to consider the structure and oil and gas content of the Arykty gas condensate field from the point of view of a comparative analysis between pre-stack inversion, which is currently actively used in the geological exploration industry within the framework of a standard interpretation graph, and neural machine learning. Justification for the relevance of the studies performed is availability of new wells and updated logging data, the ability to update and to compare the results of synchronous pre-stack inversion, and the ability to test neural learning algorithms. The conducted studies make it possible to identify criteria for the preferential use of machine learning in the conditions of the Arykty field, to take a fresh look at the features of the internal structure of the rocks that make up the productive part of the section, and to demonstrate physically the advantages of machine learning results in comparison with pre-stack seismic inversion.

Purpose. To study and assess the possibility of effective application of electrical prospecting by magnetotelluric sounding (MT-sounding) and to determine the range of geological problems to be solved in the geoelectric conditions of the Shu-Sarysu geotraverse. Methodology. The issues of methodology of modern technologies of field observations, peculiarities of processing and interpretation of MT-sounding data are considered, which showed that modern instrumental and methodical electrical survey technologies of MT-sounding allow obtaining results of field measurements of increased reliability, due to their accuracy, productivity, mobility, noise immunity, level of automation. To identify the main features of the geoelectric structure of the Earth’s crust and the upper mantle, the modern technique of interpreting MT data allows for 1, 2D inversion of the effective curves of apparent resistivity and impedance phase. Findings. Based on MT-sounding data, a geoelectric section of the Shu-Sarysu geotraverse was constructed, characterizing the position and morphology of five geoelectric boundaries in the crustal section in the 0–40 km depth interval. The identified five geoelectric horizons show good coincidence with the conventional seismic horizons and confidently correlate with the geological references established by GIS data. Originality. On the basis of MT-sounding studies, the geological interpretation of the structure of suprasalt and subsalt structural-formation complexes is presented; the geological efficiency of MT-sounding electrical prospecting in revealing the complex structures in the conditions of the Shu-Sarysu geotraverse is shown. On the basis of model constructions of the geoelectric section, new data on the deep geological structure of the Shu-Sarysu geotraverse were obtained: new data on the structure of Mesozoic terrigenous-sedimentary rock complexes and the Paleozoic part of the section with the allocation of the supposed faults; on the basis of MT-sounding results, recommendations for further detailed geological exploration work were given. Practical value. A comprehensive interpretation is recommended of the obtained MT-sounding data together with the results of geological and geophysical research on the regional profile in order to establish search criteria for the discovery of mineral deposits and the prospects of gas content in the area.

The purpose of the studies presented in the article is to obtain the information of the deep structures along the Shu-Sarysu geotraverse, to determine the regularities in the distribution of mineral deposits and predictive assessment of the research area prospects for searching for hydrocarbons and other minerals. To achieve this purpose, a complex of high-precision gravitational and magnetometric measurements was used. There was shown a high efficiency of the integrated interpretation of 3D gravimagnetic modeling when studying the geological structure of the crystalline basement (assessment of the morphology of its surface, material-petrophysical mapping of the rocks that make up the basement) and the sedimentary cover (assessment of the morphology of the reference horizons, studying their material composition); when identifying and clarifying the position of discontinuous faults, conducting lineament analysis in order to decipher the block structure of the studied areas; when building 3D volumetric models of geophysical parameters; when substantiating predictive and search geophysical criteria for detecting oil and gas geological structures, both in the thickness of sedimentary formations and in the rocks of the crystalline basement. The progress of these methods is conditioned by the widespread introduction into practice of modern computer technologies for processing and interpreting data.

In this article, we consider the roles of transcrustal magma- and fluid-conducting faults (TCMFCFs) in the formation of mineral deposits, showing the importance of deep sources of heat and hydrothermal solutions in the genesis and history of deposit formation. As a result of the impact on the lithosphere of mantle plumes rising along TCMFCFs, intense block deformations and tectonic movements are generated; rift systems, and volcanic–plutonic belts spatially combined with them, are formed; and intrusive bodies are introduced. These processes cause epithermal ore formation as a consequence of the impact of mantle plumes rising along TCMFCF to the lithosphere. At hydrocarbon fields, they play extremely important roles in conductive and convective heat, as well as in mass transfer to the area of hydrocarbon generation, determining the relationship between the processes of lithogenesis and tectogenesis, and activating the generation of hydrocarbons from oil and gas source rock. Detection of TCMFCFs was carried out using MMSS (the method of microseismic sounding) and MTSM (the magnetotelluric sounding method), in combination with other geological and geophysical data. Practical examples are provided for mineral deposits where subvertical transcrustal columns of increased permeability, traced to considerable depths, have been found; the nature of these unique structures is related to faults of pre-Paleozoic emplacement, which determined the fragmentation of the sub-crystalline structure of the Earth and later, while developing, inherited the conditions of volumetric fluid dynamics, where the residual forms of functioning of fluid-conducting thermohydrocolumns are granitoid batholiths and other magmatic bodies. Experimental modeling of deep processes allowed us to identify the quantum character of crystal structure interactions of minerals with “inert” gases under elevated thermobaric conditions. The roles of helium, nitrogen, and hydrogen in changing the physical properties of rocks, in accordance with their intrastructural diffusion, has been clarified; as a result of low-energy impact, stress fields are formed in the solid rock skeleton, the structures and textures of rocks are rearranged, and general porosity develops. As the pressure increases, energetic interactions intensify, leading to deformations, phase transitions, and the formation of chemical bonds under the conditions of an unstable geological environment, instability which grows with increasing gas saturation, pressure, and temperature. The processes of heat and mass transfer through TCMFCFs to the Earth’s surface occur in stages, accompanied by a release of energy that can manifest as explosions on the surface, in coal and ore mines, and during earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

New+Geology +https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2024-2 +/jdownloads/pdf/2024/2/02_2024_Contents-en-GB.pdf

The paper presents research results on the enhancement of diamond composites designed for tools application for mining industry, hard rocks cutting, able to withstand harsh conditions under heavy dynamical loads. In the present study, both CrB2 micropowder and VN nanopowder additives were used in...