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Prof. Dr. Nengling Tai
School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Fault Analysis
0 HVDC Protection
0 Multi-terminal DC grids
0 Smart grid monitoring
0 HVDC converter topologies

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Multi-terminal DC grids

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Journal article
Published: 08 July 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
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Ports are major energy consumers and carbon emission producers. Developing integrated port energy systems (IPES) is the key to solve this problem. The energy forms in an IPES include electricity, hydrogen, heat and natural gas. Hydrogen can be generated from surplus renewable energies via water electrolysis, and thus power the previously oil-fueled equipment. Meanwhile, the remaining hydrogen can be converted to natural gas by the methanation reaction. By using fuel cells, gas turbine, hydrogen boiler and gas boiler, hydrogen and natural gas can supply the electrical and heat loads in the port area, forming a closed-loop of energy flow. Based on the above energy coupling structure, a day-ahead optimal economic dispatching model for IPES is established. The model takes the energy conversion loss and carbon dioxide emissions into account. The second order conic relaxation is used to deal with the nonlinear part of power flow calculation. The linearization model for connecting heat source and heat load is built. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed economic dispatching model effectively reduces the total energy cost and carbon dioxide emissions of IPES.

ACS Style

Xiaobo Wang; Wentao Huang; Wei Wei; Nengling Tai; Ran Li; Yiwen Huang. Day-Ahead Optimal Economic Dispatching of Integrated Port Energy Systems Considering Hydrogen. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2021, PP, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Xiaobo Wang, Wentao Huang, Wei Wei, Nengling Tai, Ran Li, Yiwen Huang. Day-Ahead Optimal Economic Dispatching of Integrated Port Energy Systems Considering Hydrogen. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2021; PP (99):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaobo Wang; Wentao Huang; Wei Wei; Nengling Tai; Ran Li; Yiwen Huang. 2021. "Day-Ahead Optimal Economic Dispatching of Integrated Port Energy Systems Considering Hydrogen." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications PP, no. 99: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 03 May 2021 in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
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With the high penetrations of diverse renewable energy resources and energy storage devices, the optimal planning of microgrids based on selected representative operating periods (ROPs) are facing significant challenges. This paper proposes a full data-driven planning method to cope with such challenges. The proposed method takes the full data, which contain all the information on load and meteorological conditions in the planning horizon as input, and applies a two-stage data processing approach to obtain weekly and hourly ROPs, while preserving the chronological order of the raw data. Two time series with different resolutions are established in the planning model in order to satisfy coarse time intervals required for investment decisions and conform to finer time scales required for operating decisions. The proposed method reduces the scale of data, speeds up the solution process, and surmounts the computational burdens in solving the planning model in the designated horizon. Numerical results on an industrial park microgrid in Shanghai demonstrate that the proposed method can provide more accurate ROP and planning results than competitive methods.

ACS Style

Mohammad Shahidehpour; Canbing Li; Xiaobo Wang; Wentao Huang; Tai Nengling. Two-Stage Full-Data Processing for Microgrid Planning With High Penetrations of Renewable Energy Sources. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 2021, PP, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shahidehpour, Canbing Li, Xiaobo Wang, Wentao Huang, Tai Nengling. Two-Stage Full-Data Processing for Microgrid Planning With High Penetrations of Renewable Energy Sources. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. 2021; PP (99):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shahidehpour; Canbing Li; Xiaobo Wang; Wentao Huang; Tai Nengling. 2021. "Two-Stage Full-Data Processing for Microgrid Planning With High Penetrations of Renewable Energy Sources." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy PP, no. 99: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2020 in IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
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With the rapid development of renewable energy, multi-terminal flexible DC grids composed of modular multilevel converters have been widely used in power systems. To ensure the safe and stable operation of a DC grid, this paper proposes a DC line protection scheme for MMC-based DC grids using AC/DC transient information. In the proposed scheme, the difference between the transient voltage root mean square ratios (DTVR) on both sides of the current-limiting inductor of DC lines is used to identify the DC line fault, and the instantaneous zero sequence voltage (IZSV) of the AC side of the converter station is used to discriminate the faulted poles. According to the theoretical analysis result, a fault criterion setting method suitable for faulted pole discrimination is proposed. The proposed scheme is based on local information and tested in a PSCAD/EMTDC model of a four-terminal MMC-based DC grid. The simulation results show that the scheme can fast and accurately identify faults.

ACS Style

Yangyang He; Xiaodong Zheng; Tai Nengling; Jin Wang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Jian Liu. A DC Line Protection Scheme for MMC-Based DC Grids Based on AC/DC Transient Information. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 2020, PP, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Yangyang He, Xiaodong Zheng, Tai Nengling, Jin Wang, Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Jian Liu. A DC Line Protection Scheme for MMC-Based DC Grids Based on AC/DC Transient Information. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2020; PP (99):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yangyang He; Xiaodong Zheng; Tai Nengling; Jin Wang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Jian Liu. 2020. "A DC Line Protection Scheme for MMC-Based DC Grids Based on AC/DC Transient Information." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery PP, no. 99: 1-1.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2020 in Electronics
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The large-scale grid connection of renewable energy causes great uncertainty in power system planning and operation. The power system flexibility index can quantify the system’s ability to adjust to uncertain events such as renewable energy, load fluctuations, and faults. Compared with traditional planning methods, the flexibility planning method can accurately evaluate the impact of various uncertain events on the system during the planning process, thus effectively ensuring the safe and economic operation of renewable energy systems. First, from the perspective of power transmission and safe operation, the flexibility index of the transmission line is defined. On this basis, considering the system’s economic operation strategy, aiming at the optimization of flexibility, investment cost, operation cost, and renewable energy consumption, a multi-objective transmission grid planning model based on flexibility and economy is proposed. The NSGAII optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, the simulation is performed in the modified Garver-6 and IEEE RTS-24 node systems to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that the planning model can meet the needs of flexibility and economy, improve the transmission capacity of power grids, reduce the probability of renewable energy abandonment or exceeding power flow, as well as enhance the flexibility, economy, and reliability of power systems.

ACS Style

Zhanpeng Chen; Yan Hu; Nengling Tai; Xiangying Tang; Guangzeng You. Transmission Grid Expansion Planning of a High Proportion Renewable Energy Power System Based on Flexibility and Economy. Electronics 2020, 9, 966 .

AMA Style

Zhanpeng Chen, Yan Hu, Nengling Tai, Xiangying Tang, Guangzeng You. Transmission Grid Expansion Planning of a High Proportion Renewable Energy Power System Based on Flexibility and Economy. Electronics. 2020; 9 (6):966.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhanpeng Chen; Yan Hu; Nengling Tai; Xiangying Tang; Guangzeng You. 2020. "Transmission Grid Expansion Planning of a High Proportion Renewable Energy Power System Based on Flexibility and Economy." Electronics 9, no. 6: 966.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2020 in Sustainability
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The integration of wind power as an alternative energy source has gotten much attention globally. In this paper, the Weibull distribution model based on different artificial intelligent algorithms and numerical methods is used to evaluate the wind profile. The application of Weibull distribution in wind data assessment can be extensively found, but the methods applied for estimating the parameters still need improvement. Three artificial intelligent algorithms are presented as an alternative method for estimation of Weibull parameters, and an objective function is proposed through the concept of maximum distance metric. Its convergence was proven mathematically through its boundedness for all wind data types. The optimization methods based on the proposed objective function are compared with the conventional numerical approaches for Weibull parameter estimation. Two-year wind data from the site in the southern area of Pakistan has been used to conduct this analysis. Furthermore, this work provides an eloquent way for the selection of a suitable area, evaluation of parameters, and appropriate wind turbine models through real-time data for power production.

ACS Style

Mehr Gul; Nengling Tai; Wentao Huang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Moduo Yu. Evaluation of Wind Energy Potential Using an Optimum Approach based on Maximum Distance Metric. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1999 .

AMA Style

Mehr Gul, Nengling Tai, Wentao Huang, Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Moduo Yu. Evaluation of Wind Energy Potential Using an Optimum Approach based on Maximum Distance Metric. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (5):1999.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehr Gul; Nengling Tai; Wentao Huang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Moduo Yu. 2020. "Evaluation of Wind Energy Potential Using an Optimum Approach based on Maximum Distance Metric." Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1999.

Journal article
Published: 07 November 2019 in Electronics
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The southwestern part of Pakistan is still not connected to the national grid, despite its abundance in renewable energy resources. However, this area becomes more important for energy projects due to the development of the deep-sea Gwadar port and the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). In this paper, a voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission model is proposed to link this area to the national gird. A two-terminal VSC-HVDC model is used as a case study, in which a two-level converter with standard double-loop control is employed. The proposed model has a capacity of transferring bulk power of 3500 MW at 350 kV from Gwadar to Matiari. Furthermore, the discounted cash flow analysis of VSC-HVDC against the HVAC system shows that the proposed system is economically sustainable. The outcomes of this study reveal that the implementation of this project can bring economic stability and energy security in the southwestern region.

ACS Style

Mehr Gul; Nengling Tai; Wentao Huang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Muhammad Ahmad; Moduo Yu. Technical and Economic Assessment of VSC-HVDC Transmission Model: A Case Study of South-Western Region in Pakistan. Electronics 2019, 8, 1305 .

AMA Style

Mehr Gul, Nengling Tai, Wentao Huang, Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Muhammad Ahmad, Moduo Yu. Technical and Economic Assessment of VSC-HVDC Transmission Model: A Case Study of South-Western Region in Pakistan. Electronics. 2019; 8 (11):1305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehr Gul; Nengling Tai; Wentao Huang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Muhammad Ahmad; Moduo Yu. 2019. "Technical and Economic Assessment of VSC-HVDC Transmission Model: A Case Study of South-Western Region in Pakistan." Electronics 8, no. 11: 1305.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2019 in Energies
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The ability to withstand extreme disasters has a profound impact on the distribution network operation. This paper proposes a novel optimal operation strategy for an active distribution network to enhance system resilience.. The objectives in the proposed optimal strategy include, the resilience, operation cost, and its pollutant emissions. According to the existence of uncontrollable distributed energy resources in the active distribution network, the problem which takes the uncertainty most into account, is this multi-objective optimization problem. Thus, it can be treated as a min-max dual robust optimization problem. Benders decomposition is employed to decouple the problem, then non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II is applied to search the multi-objective optimal solution which has an extremely low CPU time. The modified standard IEEE 34-node system, with different distributed energy resources types, is employed, as a studied case, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal operation strategy. The simulation results illustrate that, compared to other economic-oriented robust optimal operation models, the proposed strategy can enhance system resilience without a significant increase in the operation cost and pollutant emissions.

ACS Style

Jun Wang; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Wei Wei; Lingfang Li. Resilience-Oriented Optimal Operation Strategy of Active Distribution Network. Energies 2019, 12, 3380 .

AMA Style

Jun Wang, Xiaodong Zheng, Nengling Tai, Wei Wei, Lingfang Li. Resilience-Oriented Optimal Operation Strategy of Active Distribution Network. Energies. 2019; 12 (17):3380.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun Wang; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Wei Wei; Lingfang Li. 2019. "Resilience-Oriented Optimal Operation Strategy of Active Distribution Network." Energies 12, no. 17: 3380.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2019 in Energies
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This paper proposes a method of fault line selection for a DC distribution network. Firstly, the 1-mode current is calculated using the measured currents of the positive and the negative line. Then, it is time reversed and further decomposed by wavelet technology. Secondly, the lossless mirror line network is established according to the parameters and the topology of the DC distribution network. Thirdly, it is presumed that several virtual current sources are employed at the locations where the corresponding observers are, and the values of these current sources are equal to the processed 1-mode currents. Fourthly, a fault is placed at every point of the lossless mirror line network the RMS value of every assumed fault current is calculated. During this process, the phase coefficient of every lossless mirror line is set to vary along with the length of the line obeying Gaussian distribution. Finally, the line with the peak value of the RMS values of the currents is selected as the fault line. The result of fault line selection is updated using the fewest observers that are set in advance according to the initial result. A DC distribution network is simulated in PSCAD/EMDTC to verify the correctness of the proposed method.

ACS Style

Xipeng Zhang; Nengling Tai; Pan Wu; Xiaodong Zheng; Wentao Huang. A Fault Line Selection Method for DC Distribution Network Using Multiple Observers. Energies 2019, 12, 1245 .

AMA Style

Xipeng Zhang, Nengling Tai, Pan Wu, Xiaodong Zheng, Wentao Huang. A Fault Line Selection Method for DC Distribution Network Using Multiple Observers. Energies. 2019; 12 (7):1245.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xipeng Zhang; Nengling Tai; Pan Wu; Xiaodong Zheng; Wentao Huang. 2019. "A Fault Line Selection Method for DC Distribution Network Using Multiple Observers." Energies 12, no. 7: 1245.

Journal article
Published: 06 March 2019 in Sustainability
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Wind power is the fastest growing and environmentally sustainable source of energy among all available renewable energy resources. The primary objective of this paper is to analyze the wind characteristics and power potential at Hyderabad, Southeastern province in Pakistan. Two years of wind speed data measured at 10 m above ground level (AGL) have been considered in this study. The annually, monthly, and seasonal variations in wind speed were analyzed, and minimum, maximum, and average values of recorded wind speeds are presented in this paper. Weibull and Rayleigh distribution functions have been applied to analyze the wind characteristics and evaluate the wind power potential of the proposed site. The Weibull shape k and scale c parameters have been estimated using the Weibull function. The higher values of k showed that the wind speed is steady at the site. The average wind speed was found above 6 m/s throughout the year. The most probable wind speed (Vmp) and maximum carrying energy (VmaxE) wind speed were also calculated using Weibull parameters. Root mean square error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination (R2), and mean bias error (MBE) were computed to ensure the good fit of Weibull distribution function. The annual average wind power and energy densities were estimated at more than 255 W/m2 and 2245 kWh/m2, respectively. The power density calculated by Weibull and Rayleigh functions was compared with that calculated by using measured wind data. The energy output and capacity factor of different commercially available wind turbines (WTs), i.e., power ratings from 0.33 to 2.75 MW, have been calculated. The cost of energy was estimated and ranged from $19.27 to $32.80 per MWh. Wind power potential and economic analysis of the collected data reveals that the site is suitable for developing wind power generation projects to power the local communities.

ACS Style

Mehr Gul; Nengling Tai; Wentao Huang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Moduo Yu. Assessment of Wind Power Potential and Economic Analysis at Hyderabad in Pakistan: Powering to Local Communities Using Wind Power. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1391 .

AMA Style

Mehr Gul, Nengling Tai, Wentao Huang, Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Moduo Yu. Assessment of Wind Power Potential and Economic Analysis at Hyderabad in Pakistan: Powering to Local Communities Using Wind Power. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1391.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mehr Gul; Nengling Tai; Wentao Huang; Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Moduo Yu. 2019. "Assessment of Wind Power Potential and Economic Analysis at Hyderabad in Pakistan: Powering to Local Communities Using Wind Power." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1391.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2019 in Energies
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Multiple microgrids (MMGs) are clusters of interconnected microgrids that have great potential for integrating a large number of distributed renewable energies (DREs). The grid-connected control scheme is important for the exploration of the MMGs’ operation potential. In this paper, a multi-layer coordinated control scheme for DC interconnected MMGs is proposed to optimize their operation and improve their operation friendliness. An adaptive droop control method is designed for the DC connection interfaces of the MMGs to adaptively manage the power exchange among the sub-microgrids. Meanwhile, the strategy of power fluctuation suppression is developed for the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) in the MMGs. The coordination among the sub-microgrids and the HESS is then clarified by the proposed control scheme to optimize the AC tie-line power and make the MMGs a highly coordinated collective. A case study is performed in PSCAD/EMTDC based on the demonstration project in Guangxi, China. The results show that the proposed multi-layer coordinated control scheme realizes the coordinated operation of the MMGs, fully exploits the complementarity of the MMGs, and improves the operation friendliness among the sub-microgrids and the utility grid. Thus the integration and utilization of a large number of DREs is enhanced.

ACS Style

Pan Wu; Wentao Huang; Nengling Tai; Zhoujun Ma; Xiaodong Zheng; Yong Zhang. A Multi-layer Coordinated Control Scheme to Improve the Operation Friendliness of Grid-Connected Multiple Microgrids. Energies 2019, 12, 255 .

AMA Style

Pan Wu, Wentao Huang, Nengling Tai, Zhoujun Ma, Xiaodong Zheng, Yong Zhang. A Multi-layer Coordinated Control Scheme to Improve the Operation Friendliness of Grid-Connected Multiple Microgrids. Energies. 2019; 12 (2):255.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pan Wu; Wentao Huang; Nengling Tai; Zhoujun Ma; Xiaodong Zheng; Yong Zhang. 2019. "A Multi-layer Coordinated Control Scheme to Improve the Operation Friendliness of Grid-Connected Multiple Microgrids." Energies 12, no. 2: 255.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2018 in Energies
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In recent years, distributed generation (DG) has developed rapidly. Renewable energy, represented by wind energy and solar energy, has been widely studied and utilized. At present, most distributed generators follow the principle of “installation is forgetting” after they are connected to a distribution network. This principle limits the popularization and benefit of distributed generation to a great extent. In order to solve these problems, this paper presents a two-tier model for optimal allocation of distributed power sources in active distribution networks (ADN). The objective of upper level planning is to minimize the annual comprehensive cost of distribution networks, and the objective of lower level planning is to minimize the active power cut-off of distributed generation through active management mode. Taking into account the time series characteristics of load and distributed power output, the improved K-means clustering method is used to cluster wind power and the photovoltaic output in different scenarios to get the daily curves in typical scenarios, and a bilevel programming model of distributed generation based on multiscenario analysis is established under active management mode. The upper level programming model is solved by Quantum genetic algorithm (QGA), and the lower level programming model is solved by the primal dual interior point method (PDIPM). The rationality of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by simulation and analysis of a 33-bus distribution network.

ACS Style

Zhong Shi; Zhijie Wang; Yue Jin; Nengling Tai; Xiuchen Jiang; Xiaoyu Yang. Optimal Allocation of Intermittent Distributed Generation under Active Management. Energies 2018, 11, 2608 .

AMA Style

Zhong Shi, Zhijie Wang, Yue Jin, Nengling Tai, Xiuchen Jiang, Xiaoyu Yang. Optimal Allocation of Intermittent Distributed Generation under Active Management. Energies. 2018; 11 (10):2608.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhong Shi; Zhijie Wang; Yue Jin; Nengling Tai; Xiuchen Jiang; Xiaoyu Yang. 2018. "Optimal Allocation of Intermittent Distributed Generation under Active Management." Energies 11, no. 10: 2608.

Journal article
Published: 29 August 2018 in Energies
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Inverter-interfaced distributed generators (IIDGs) have been widely applied due to their control flexibility. The stability problems of IIDGs under large signal disturbances, such as large load variations and feeder faults, will cause serious impacts on the system. The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control is an effective scheme for IIDGs to increase transient stability. However, the existing linearized stability models of IIDGs are limited to small disturbances. Hence, this paper proposes a Lyapunov approach based on non-linearized models to assess the large signal stability of VSG-IIDG. The electrostatic machine model is introduced to establish the equivalent nonlinear model. On the basis of Popov’s theory, a Lyapunov function is derived to calculate the transient stability domain. The stability mechanism is revealed by depicting the stability domain using the locus of the angle and the angular frequency. Large signal stability of the VSG-IIDG is quantified according to the boundary of the stability domain. Effects and sensitivity analysis of the key parameters including the cable impedance, the load power, and the virtual inertia on the stability of the VSG-IIDG are also presented. The simulations are performed in PSCAD/EMTDC and the results demonstrate the proposed large signal stability assessment method.

ACS Style

Meiyi Li; Wentao Huang; Nengling Tai; Moduo Yu. Lyapunov-Based Large Signal Stability Assessment for VSG Controlled Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators. Energies 2018, 11, 2273 .

AMA Style

Meiyi Li, Wentao Huang, Nengling Tai, Moduo Yu. Lyapunov-Based Large Signal Stability Assessment for VSG Controlled Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators. Energies. 2018; 11 (9):2273.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meiyi Li; Wentao Huang; Nengling Tai; Moduo Yu. 2018. "Lyapunov-Based Large Signal Stability Assessment for VSG Controlled Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators." Energies 11, no. 9: 2273.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2018 in Energies
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Voltage-source-converter-based multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MTDC) networks are extensively recognized as a viable solution for meeting the increasing demand of electrical energy and escalating penetration of renewable energy sources. DC faults are major limitations to the development of MTDC networks. The analysis of variable constraints has become mandatory in order to develop a reliable protection scheme. This paper contributes in assessing the propagation delay with the analytical approximation in MTDC networks. The propagation delay is analyzed in the time domain by taking only the forward traveling wave into account and considering the initial voltage step of magnitude at the fault position. Numerous simulations were carried out for different parameters and arrangements in Power System Computer Aided Design (PSCAD) to explore the proposed expressions. The results accurately depicted the time development of fault current. The results obtained from the real-time digital simulator (RTDS) confirmed that the proposed approach is capable of evaluating propagation delay in MTDC networks. Moreover, the influence of fault resistance is also taken into account for investigating its effect on the system parameters.

ACS Style

Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Mehr Gul; Sohaib Tahir. Analysis of Propagation Delay for Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current Networks Interconnecting the Large-Scale Off-Shore Renewable Energy. Energies 2018, 11, 2115 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Xiaodong Zheng, Nengling Tai, Mehr Gul, Sohaib Tahir. Analysis of Propagation Delay for Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current Networks Interconnecting the Large-Scale Off-Shore Renewable Energy. Energies. 2018; 11 (8):2115.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Mehr Gul; Sohaib Tahir. 2018. "Analysis of Propagation Delay for Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current Networks Interconnecting the Large-Scale Off-Shore Renewable Energy." Energies 11, no. 8: 2115.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2018 in Energies
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With the promotion of distributed energy and direct current (DC) loads, the DC microgrid is able to provide a higher power quality and improve the grid efficiency. Various technical issues in DC microgrids are still to be addressed, particularly a proper protection scheme for fault detection and isolation in DC microgrids utilizing voltage source converters (VSCs). In this paper, the pole-to-pole DC fault transient behavior of the VSC-based microgrids is firstly analyzed with four successive stages, and then the exact requirements for protections are presented. Furthermore, a novel single-ended protection scheme based on local transient signals is proposed, which needs no data transmission or synchronization between two ends, ensuring the speed. A four-terminal DC microgrid model was built in PSCAD/EMTDC. Numerous simulations have demonstrated the validity of the proposed scheme.

ACS Style

Cheng Lv; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Shi Chen. Single-Ended Protection Scheme for VSC-Based DC Microgrid Lines. Energies 2018, 11, 1440 .

AMA Style

Cheng Lv, Xiaodong Zheng, Nengling Tai, Shi Chen. Single-Ended Protection Scheme for VSC-Based DC Microgrid Lines. Energies. 2018; 11 (6):1440.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheng Lv; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Shi Chen. 2018. "Single-Ended Protection Scheme for VSC-Based DC Microgrid Lines." Energies 11, no. 6: 1440.

Journal article
Published: 28 April 2018 in Energies
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This paper presents a protection scheme to protect multi-terminal high voltage dc (MTDC) networks for interconnection of renewable energy sources. The proposed scheme detects faults by using the Consecutive Data Window Method (CDWM) and harmonics of the system voltage to avoid maloperation of breakers without communication. Fault location is classified and faulty parts is isolated from the rest of the healthier network by using hybrid circuit breakers (HCBs). Moreover; it also categorises the fault with the help of the voltage drop. The rapid response to isolate the faulty portion in a few milliseconds is primarily considered to enhance the reliability and security of the network. The results of simulations verify the efficient fault detection and isolation for different DC faults and the investigation for the impact of significant parameters of the proposed scheme has been considered. The simulations are performed in PSCAD for four terminal MTDC networks to validate the proposed scheme. The performance is also verified under different fault conditions by using Matlab after computing the data from simulations.

ACS Style

Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Mehr Gul. Identification and Isolation of Faults in Multi-terminal High Voltage DC Networks with Hybrid Circuit Breakers. Energies 2018, 11, 1086 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Haroon Nadeem, Xiaodong Zheng, Nengling Tai, Mehr Gul. Identification and Isolation of Faults in Multi-terminal High Voltage DC Networks with Hybrid Circuit Breakers. Energies. 2018; 11 (5):1086.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Haroon Nadeem; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Mehr Gul. 2018. "Identification and Isolation of Faults in Multi-terminal High Voltage DC Networks with Hybrid Circuit Breakers." Energies 11, no. 5: 1086.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2018 in Energies
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In order to improve the simulation speed of the AC/DC hybrid grid, the inductance/capacitance (L/C) switch model for line-commutated converter of high-voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) is presented in this study. The time domain modeling method is used to analyze the circuit of L/C switch model for the six-pulse system in LCC-HVDC in a switching period. A parameter setting method of L/C switch model is proposed considering the transient response, the steady state performance, switching losses and simulation error of the switch. The inductance/capacitance (L/C) switch model for LCC-HVDC has the advantage of keeping the admittance matrix unchanged regardless of the change of switching state, which improves the simulation efficiency. Finally, the validity of the parameter setting method is verified. Compared with the test results of PSCAD/EMTDC, the accuracy of the proposed LCC-HVDC simulation model is proved. The model is suitable for real-time or offline simulation of AC/DC hybrid grid.

ACS Style

Yangyang He; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Junxian Hou; Wentao Huang. Research on the Inductance/Capacitance Switch Model for an LCC-HVDC Converter in an AC/DC Hybrid Grid. Energies 2018, 11, 692 .

AMA Style

Yangyang He, Xiaodong Zheng, Nengling Tai, Junxian Hou, Wentao Huang. Research on the Inductance/Capacitance Switch Model for an LCC-HVDC Converter in an AC/DC Hybrid Grid. Energies. 2018; 11 (4):692.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yangyang He; Xiaodong Zheng; Nengling Tai; Junxian Hou; Wentao Huang. 2018. "Research on the Inductance/Capacitance Switch Model for an LCC-HVDC Converter in an AC/DC Hybrid Grid." Energies 11, no. 4: 692.