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Marcela Miranda; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Natália Noyma; Vera L. M. Huszar; Frank van Oosterhout; Miquel Lürling; Jean P. Ometto; Felipe S. Pacheco. Phosphorus balance in a tropical shallow urban pond in Southeast Brazil: implications for eutrophication management. Inland Waters 2021, 1 -16.
AMA StyleMarcela Miranda, Marcelo Manzi Marinho, Natália Noyma, Vera L. M. Huszar, Frank van Oosterhout, Miquel Lürling, Jean P. Ometto, Felipe S. Pacheco. Phosphorus balance in a tropical shallow urban pond in Southeast Brazil: implications for eutrophication management. Inland Waters. 2021; ():1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcela Miranda; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Natália Noyma; Vera L. M. Huszar; Frank van Oosterhout; Miquel Lürling; Jean P. Ometto; Felipe S. Pacheco. 2021. "Phosphorus balance in a tropical shallow urban pond in Southeast Brazil: implications for eutrophication management." Inland Waters , no. : 1-16.
Combining coagulants with ballast (natural soil or modified clay) to remove cyanobacteria from the water column is a promising tool to mitigate nuisance blooms. Nevertheless, the possible effects of this technique on different toxin-producing cyanobacteria species have not been thoroughly investigated. This laboratory study evaluated the potential effects of the “Floc and Sink” technique on releasing microcystins (MC) from the precipitated biomass. A combined treatment of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) with lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB) and/or local red soil (LRS) was applied to the bloom material (mainly Dolichospermum circinalis and Microcystis aeruginosa) of a tropical reservoir. Intra and extracellular MC and biomass removal were evaluated. PAC alone was not efficient to remove the biomass, while PAC + LMB + LRS was the most efficient and removed 4.3–7.5 times more biomass than other treatments. Intracellular MC concentrations ranged between 12 and 2.180 µg L−1 independent from the biomass. PAC treatment increased extracellular MC concentrations from 3.5 to 6 times. However, when combined with ballast, extracellular MC was up to 4.2 times lower in the top of the test tubes. Nevertheless, PAC + LRS and PAC + LMB + LRS treatments showed extracellular MC concentration eight times higher than controls in the bottom. Our results showed that Floc and Sink appears to be more promising in removing cyanobacteria and extracellular MC from the water column than a sole coagulant (PAC).
Renan Arruda; Natália Noyma; Leonardo de Magalhães; Marcella Mesquita; Éryka de Almeida; Ernani Pinto; Miquel Lürling; Marcelo Marinho. ‘Floc and Sink’ Technique Removes Cyanobacteria and Microcystins from Tropical Reservoir Water. Toxins 2021, 13, 405 .
AMA StyleRenan Arruda, Natália Noyma, Leonardo de Magalhães, Marcella Mesquita, Éryka de Almeida, Ernani Pinto, Miquel Lürling, Marcelo Marinho. ‘Floc and Sink’ Technique Removes Cyanobacteria and Microcystins from Tropical Reservoir Water. Toxins. 2021; 13 (6):405.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenan Arruda; Natália Noyma; Leonardo de Magalhães; Marcella Mesquita; Éryka de Almeida; Ernani Pinto; Miquel Lürling; Marcelo Marinho. 2021. "‘Floc and Sink’ Technique Removes Cyanobacteria and Microcystins from Tropical Reservoir Water." Toxins 13, no. 6: 405.
The nutrients imported by breeding waterbirds should be considered when identifying the main sources of nutrient input to lakes. Lake Lesser Prespa (Greece), including the adjacent Vromolimni pond, hosts numerous protected waterbirds that nest in densely populated colonies across the reedbeds. The accelerated eutrophication of the lake in recent years has been of increasing concern. In addition to likely large sources of nutrients (i.e., anthropogenic activities, especially agriculture), nutrient input via waterbird excrement may further trigger eutrophication. We estimated the annual phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) input by the most abundant colonial-nesting waterbirds (great white pelican, Dalmatian pelican, great cormorant, and pygmy cormorant) into the lake and investigated their influence on water and sediment quality. Near the waterbird colonies, soluble nutrient concentrations in the lake sediments were higher, and chlorophyll measurements indicated higher algal growth near these sites in summer. Stable isotope analysis suggests that near the colonies, waterbirds are responsible for nutrient loadings that affect the lake sediment. The estimated N and P nutrient input into the lake by both pelican and cormorant species is at least 1243 and 1649 kg/yr, respectively. On a landscape scale, this level of loading could be of minor importance for the lake because N and P can reach 32.8 (SD 9.3) and 38.9 (5.8) mg/m2 per year, respectively. Locally, however, this level of loading might induce cyanobacterial blooms, illustrated by the analysis of isolated Vromolimni pond near the lake. Our findings emphasize the likely importance of nutrient loading by waterbirds for the lake system.
Yvon J.M. Verstijnen; Valentini Maliaka; Giorgos Catsadorakis; Miquel Lürling; Alfons J.P. Smolders. Colonial nesting waterbirds as vectors of nutrients to Lake Lesser Prespa (Greece). Inland Waters 2021, 1 -17.
AMA StyleYvon J.M. Verstijnen, Valentini Maliaka, Giorgos Catsadorakis, Miquel Lürling, Alfons J.P. Smolders. Colonial nesting waterbirds as vectors of nutrients to Lake Lesser Prespa (Greece). Inland Waters. 2021; ():1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYvon J.M. Verstijnen; Valentini Maliaka; Giorgos Catsadorakis; Miquel Lürling; Alfons J.P. Smolders. 2021. "Colonial nesting waterbirds as vectors of nutrients to Lake Lesser Prespa (Greece)." Inland Waters , no. : 1-17.
The Prespa Lakes area in Greece—comprised partly of lake Great and lake Lesser Prespa and the Vromolimni pond—has a global importance for biodiversity. Although the waters show regular cyanobacteria blooms, assessments of water quality threats are limited. Samples collected in 2012 revealed scattered and low microcystin (MC) concentrations in Great Prespa (−1) whereas considerable spatial heterogeneity in both total chlorophyll (2.4–93 µg L−1) and MC concentrations (0.04–52.4 µg MC L−1) was detected in Lesser Prespa. In 2013, there was far less spatial variability of MC concentrations in Lesser Prespa (0.4–1.53 µg L−1), however in 2014, increased concentrations were detected near the lakeshore (25–861 µg MC L−1). In Vromolimni pond the MC concentrations were on average 26.6 (±6.4) µg MC L−1 in 2012, 2.1 (±0.3) µg MC L−1 in 2013 and 12.7 (±12.5) µg MC L−1 in 2014. In 2013, no anatoxins, saxitoxins, nor cylindrospermopsins were detected in Lesser Prespa and Vromolimni waters. Tissue samples from carps, an otter and Dalmatian Pelicans contained 0.4–1.9 µg MC g−1 dry weight. These results indicate that cyanotoxins could be a threat to the ecosystem functions of particularly Lesser Prespa and Vromolimni.
Valentini Maliaka; Miquel Lürling; Christian Fritz; Yvon Verstijnen; Elisabeth Faassen; Frank Van Oosterhout; Alfons Smolders. Interannual and Spatial Variability of Cyanotoxins in the Prespa Lake Area, Greece. Water 2021, 13, 357 .
AMA StyleValentini Maliaka, Miquel Lürling, Christian Fritz, Yvon Verstijnen, Elisabeth Faassen, Frank Van Oosterhout, Alfons Smolders. Interannual and Spatial Variability of Cyanotoxins in the Prespa Lake Area, Greece. Water. 2021; 13 (3):357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentini Maliaka; Miquel Lürling; Christian Fritz; Yvon Verstijnen; Elisabeth Faassen; Frank Van Oosterhout; Alfons Smolders. 2021. "Interannual and Spatial Variability of Cyanotoxins in the Prespa Lake Area, Greece." Water 13, no. 3: 357.
High temperature can promote cyanobacterial blooms, whereas ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can potentially depress cyanobacterial growth by damaging their photosynthetic apparatus. Although the damaging effect of UVR has been well documented, reports on the interactive effects of UV radiation exposure and warming on cyanobacteria remain scarce. To better understand the combined effects of temperature and UVR on cyanobacteria, two strains of nuisance species, Microcystis aeruginosa (MIRF) and Raphidiopsis raciborskii (formerly Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, CYRF), were grown at 24°C and 28°C and were daily exposed to UVA + UVB (PAR + UVA+UVB) or only UVA (PAR + UVA) radiation. MIRF and CYRF growth rates were most affected by PAR + UVA+UVB treatment and to a lesser extent by the PAR + UVA treatment. Negative UVR effects on growth, Photosystem II (PSII) efficiency and photosynthesis were pronounced at 24°C when compared to that at 28°C. Our results showed a cumulative negative effect on PSII efficiency in MIRF, but not in CYRF. Hence, although higher temperature ameliorates UVR damage, interspecific differences may lead to deviating impacts on different species, and combined elevated temperature and UVR stress could influence species competition.
Natália Pessoa Noyma; Marcella C.B. Mesquita; Fábio Roland; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Vera L.M. Huszar; Miquel Lürling. Increasing Temperature Counteracts the Negative Effect of UV Radiation on Growth and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii. Photochemistry and Photobiology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleNatália Pessoa Noyma, Marcella C.B. Mesquita, Fábio Roland, Marcelo Manzi Marinho, Vera L.M. Huszar, Miquel Lürling. Increasing Temperature Counteracts the Negative Effect of UV Radiation on Growth and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii. Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNatália Pessoa Noyma; Marcella C.B. Mesquita; Fábio Roland; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Vera L.M. Huszar; Miquel Lürling. 2021. "Increasing Temperature Counteracts the Negative Effect of UV Radiation on Growth and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii." Photochemistry and Photobiology , no. : 1.
Chitosan has been tested as a coagulant to remove cyanobacterial nuisance. While its coagulation efficiency is well studied, little is known about its effect on the viability of the cyanobacterial cells. This study aimed to test eight strains of the most frequent bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, exposed to a realistic concentration range of chitosan used in lake restoration management (0 to 8 mg chitosan L−1). We found that after 1 h of contact with chitosan, in seven of the eight strains tested, photosystem II efficiency was decreased, and after 24 h, all the strains tested were affected. EC50 values varied from 0.47 to > 8 mg chitosan L-1 between the strains, which might be related to the amount of extracellular polymeric substances. Nucleic acid staining (Sytox-Green®) illustrated the loss of membrane integrity in all the strains tested, and subsequent leakage of pigments was observed, as well as the release of intracellular microcystin. Our results indicate that strain variability hampers generalization about species response to chitosan exposure. Hence, when used as a coagulant to manage cyanobacterial nuisance, chitosan should be first tested on the natural site-specific biota on cyanobacteria removal efficiency, as well as on cell integrity aspects.
Maíra Mucci; Iame A. Guedes; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Miquel Lürling. Chitosan as a Coagulant to Remove Cyanobacteria Can Cause Microcystin Release. Toxins 2020, 12, 711 .
AMA StyleMaíra Mucci, Iame A. Guedes, Elisabeth J. Faassen, Miquel Lürling. Chitosan as a Coagulant to Remove Cyanobacteria Can Cause Microcystin Release. Toxins. 2020; 12 (11):711.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaíra Mucci; Iame A. Guedes; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Miquel Lürling. 2020. "Chitosan as a Coagulant to Remove Cyanobacteria Can Cause Microcystin Release." Toxins 12, no. 11: 711.
The combination of a low-dose coagulant (polyaluminium chloride—‘Floc’) and a ballast able to bind phosphate (lanthanum modified bentonite, LMB—‘Sink/Lock’) have been used successfully to manage cyanobacterial blooms and eutrophication. In a recent ‘Floc and Lock’ intervention in Lake de Kuil (the Netherlands), cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a was reduced by 90% but, surprisingly, after one week elevated cyanobacterial concentrations were observed again that faded away during following weeks. Hence, to better understand why and how to avoid an increase in cyanobacterial concentration, experiments with collected cyanobacteria from Lakes De Kuil and Rauwbraken were performed. We showed that the Planktothrix rubescens from Lake de Kuil could initially be precipitated using a coagulant and ballast but, after one day, most of the filaments resurfaced again, even using a higher ballast dose. By contrast, the P. rubescens from Lake Rauwbraken remained precipitated after the Floc and Sink/Lock treatment. We highlight the need to test selected measures for each lake as the same technique with similar species (P. rubescens) yielded different results. Moreover, we show that damaging the cells first with hydrogen peroxide before adding the coagulant and ballast (a ‘Kill, Floc and Lock/Sink’ approach) could be promising to keep P. rubescens precipitated.
Miquel Lürling; Maíra Mucci; Guido Waajen. Removal of Positively Buoyant Planktothrix rubescens in Lake Restoration. Toxins 2020, 12, 700 .
AMA StyleMiquel Lürling, Maíra Mucci, Guido Waajen. Removal of Positively Buoyant Planktothrix rubescens in Lake Restoration. Toxins. 2020; 12 (11):700.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiquel Lürling; Maíra Mucci; Guido Waajen. 2020. "Removal of Positively Buoyant Planktothrix rubescens in Lake Restoration." Toxins 12, no. 11: 700.
Eutrophication is the prime water quality issue in inland waters. Eutrophication and its key symptom, harmful cyanobacterial blooms, is expected to further increase in the future, which highlights the importance of managing the issue. The reduction of external nutrient load is crucial but might not bring fast relief to eutrophic waters due to ongoing diffuse pollution and legacy nutrients in the sediment. In this context, in-lake measures are needed to speed-up recovery. In this review, we discuss different in-lake measures based on coagulation and precipitation of cyanobacteria and/or phosphate for different lake categories (e.g., shallow or deep, mainly external or internal nutrient load, occurrence of perennial or summer blooms). In deep lakes with an external nutrient load higher than the internal load, a “Floc and Sink” method could be used in which a coagulant (e.g. aluminium salts, Al-salts; chitosan) combined with a ballast (e.g. soil, clay) removes a cyanobacterial bloom out of the water column. In case the deep lake suffers from high internal load, a phosphate (P)-fixative (e.g. lanthanum modified bentonite or Al-salts) can be used to “Lock” the legacy P, possibly combined with a coagulant – a “Floc and Lock” technique. The latter approach will target both the particulate P in a bloom and the internal P load. A shallow lake that suffers from summer blooms and in which the internal load is higher than the external load, a “Lock” strategy of winter application of a P-fixative is proposed to prevent bloom development. In shallow lakes with perennial blooms, an agent to damage the cells (such as H2O2) is required together with a coagulant and a ballast to avoid recolonization of the water column due to resuspension – a “Kill, Floc and Sink/Lock” method. The selection of the most promising in-lake measures and materials should be based on a proper system diagnosis and tests prior to a full-scale intervention. These methods can be effective, but evidently reduction of external nutrient loads, both from point- and non-pointed sources, is an absolute necessity to restore aquatic ecosystems in a holistic sense.
Miquel Lürling; Li Kang; Maíra Mucci; Frank van Oosterhout; Natalia Pessoa Noyma; Marcela Miranda; Vera L.M. Huszar; Guido Waajen; Marcelo Manzi Marinho. Coagulation and precipitation of cyanobacterial blooms. Ecological Engineering 2020, 158, 106032 .
AMA StyleMiquel Lürling, Li Kang, Maíra Mucci, Frank van Oosterhout, Natalia Pessoa Noyma, Marcela Miranda, Vera L.M. Huszar, Guido Waajen, Marcelo Manzi Marinho. Coagulation and precipitation of cyanobacterial blooms. Ecological Engineering. 2020; 158 ():106032.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiquel Lürling; Li Kang; Maíra Mucci; Frank van Oosterhout; Natalia Pessoa Noyma; Marcela Miranda; Vera L.M. Huszar; Guido Waajen; Marcelo Manzi Marinho. 2020. "Coagulation and precipitation of cyanobacterial blooms." Ecological Engineering 158, no. : 106032.
Phytoplankton is confronted with a variable assemblage of zooplankton grazers that create a strong selection pressure for traits that reduce mortality. Phytoplankton is, however, also challenged to remain suspended and to acquire sufficient resources for growth. Consequently, phytoplanktic organisms have evolved a variety of strategies to survive in a variable environment. An overview is presented of the various phytoplankton defense strategies, and costs and benefits of phytoplankton defenses with a zooming in on grazer-induced colony formation. The trade-off between phytoplankton competitive abilities and defenses against grazing favor adaptive trait changes—rapid evolution and phenotypic plasticity—that have the potential to influence population and community dynamics, as exemplified by controlled chemostat experiments. An interspecific defense–growth trade-off could explain seasonal shifts in the species composition of an in situ phytoplankton community yielding defense and growth rate as key traits of the phytoplankton. The importance of grazing and protection against grazing in shaping the phytoplankton community structure should not be underestimated. The trade-offs between nutrient acquisition, remaining suspended, and grazing resistance generate the dynamic phytoplankton community composition.
Miquel Lürling. Grazing resistance in phytoplankton. Hydrobiologia 2020, 848, 237 -249.
AMA StyleMiquel Lürling. Grazing resistance in phytoplankton. Hydrobiologia. 2020; 848 (1):237-249.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiquel Lürling. 2020. "Grazing resistance in phytoplankton." Hydrobiologia 848, no. 1: 237-249.
Phytoplankton anti-grazer traits control zooplankton grazing and are associated with harmful blooms. Yet, how morphological versus chemical phytoplankton defenses regulate zooplankton grazing is poorly understood. We compared zooplankton grazing and prey selection by contrasting morphological (filament length: short vs. long) and chemical (saxitoxin: STX- vs. STX+) traits of a bloom-forming cyanobacterium (Raphidiopsis) offered at different concentrations in mixed diets with an edible phytoplankton to a copepod grazer. The copepod selectively grazed on the edible prey (avoidance of cyanobacteria) even when the cyanobacterium was dominant. Avoidance of the cyanobacterium was weakest for the “short STX-” filaments and strongest for the other three strains. Hence, filament size had an effect on cyanobacterial avoidance only in the STX- treatments, while toxin production significantly increased cyanobacterial avoidance regardless of filament size. Moreover, cyanobacterial dominance reduced grazing on the edible prey by almost 50%. Results emphasize that the dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria such as Raphidiopsis can interfere with copepod grazing in a trait specific manner. For cyanobacteria, toxin production may be more effective than filament size as an anti-grazer defense against selectively grazing zooplankton such as copepods. Our results highlight how multiple phytoplankton defensive traits interact to regulate the producer-consumer link in plankton ecosystems.
Luciana M. Rangel; Lúcia H. S. Silva; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Miquel Lürling; Kemal Ali Ger. Copepod Prey Selection and Grazing Efficiency Mediated by Chemical and Morphological Defensive Traits of Cyanobacteria. Toxins 2020, 12, 465 .
AMA StyleLuciana M. Rangel, Lúcia H. S. Silva, Elisabeth J. Faassen, Miquel Lürling, Kemal Ali Ger. Copepod Prey Selection and Grazing Efficiency Mediated by Chemical and Morphological Defensive Traits of Cyanobacteria. Toxins. 2020; 12 (7):465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuciana M. Rangel; Lúcia H. S. Silva; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Miquel Lürling; Kemal Ali Ger. 2020. "Copepod Prey Selection and Grazing Efficiency Mediated by Chemical and Morphological Defensive Traits of Cyanobacteria." Toxins 12, no. 7: 465.
In the Netherlands, legacies and diffuse nutrient pollution continue to fuel recurrent cyanobacterial blooms in mostly shallow and relatively small surface waters. A survey in peer-reviewed literature and Dutch grey-literature was performed to gain insight into the physical-, chemical- and biological in-lake interventions used to bring these waters towards their desired state. A critical overview is presented on efficacy of different measures to counteract cyanobacterial blooms directly via targeting the cyanobacteria or indirectly via reduction of nutrient availability. Many actions have no or limited effects on minimising cyanobacterial blooms (air-bubble- or oil screens, surface mixers, low-energy ultrasound, effective micro-organisms, fish introduction), while others are more effective, but may vary in longevity and costs (dams, excavation or dredging, hydrogen peroxide, phosphorus inactivation agents), meet legislation restrictions (copper-based algaecides, herbicides, dreissenids), or are not currently implemented (hypolimnetic withdrawal). The selection of promising interventions requires a proper diagnosis of each problem lake, based on water- and nutrient fluxes, the biology of the lake (plants, fish), the function of the lake and the characteristics of the method, such as efficacy, costs, safety and ease of implementation. In the Netherlands, ongoing diffuse loads and legacies necessitate repetitive in-lake interventions.
Miquel Lürling; Maíra Mucci. Mitigating eutrophication nuisance: in-lake measures are becoming inevitable in eutrophic waters in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia 2020, 847, 4447 -4467.
AMA StyleMiquel Lürling, Maíra Mucci. Mitigating eutrophication nuisance: in-lake measures are becoming inevitable in eutrophic waters in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia. 2020; 847 (21):4447-4467.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiquel Lürling; Maíra Mucci. 2020. "Mitigating eutrophication nuisance: in-lake measures are becoming inevitable in eutrophic waters in the Netherlands." Hydrobiologia 847, no. 21: 4447-4467.
Lake Lesser Prespa in Greece is a vital breeding habitat for the Dalmatian and Great White Pelican and a shelter for numerous rare and endemic species. However, eutrophication processes are distressing the lake system and the outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms during the warm months may pose a threat to aquatic organisms due to the presence of microcystins (MCs). In this study we hypothesize that nutrients (eutrophication), nutrient-rich pelican droppings (guanotrophication) and warming (climate change) can affect the algal growth and MCs production in the water layer of Lake Lesser Prespa. Seston collected from three lake sites was incubated at ambient (20°C) and high (30°C) temperature with or without the addition of nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P)), or pelican droppings. Results showed increased chlorophyll-a at higher temperature (30°C). N addition yielded higher chlorophyll-a levels than the non-treated water or when only P was added. The addition of both N and P as well as the addition of pelican dropping resulted in the highest chlorophyll-a at both temperatures. Notably, in the dropping-treatments, cyanobacteria and MCs were promoted while changes were evoked in the relative contribution of toxic MC-variants. Guanotrophication may thus influence the cyanobacterial dynamics and most likely their toxicity profile at Lesser Prespa.
Valentini Maliaka; Yvon J. M. Verstijnen; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Alfons J. P. Smolders; Miquel Lürling. Effects of guanotrophication and warming on the abundance of green algae, cyanobacteria and microcystins in Lake Lesser Prespa, Greece. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0229148 .
AMA StyleValentini Maliaka, Yvon J. M. Verstijnen, Elisabeth J. Faassen, Alfons J. P. Smolders, Miquel Lürling. Effects of guanotrophication and warming on the abundance of green algae, cyanobacteria and microcystins in Lake Lesser Prespa, Greece. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (3):e0229148.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentini Maliaka; Yvon J. M. Verstijnen; Elisabeth J. Faassen; Alfons J. P. Smolders; Miquel Lürling. 2020. "Effects of guanotrophication and warming on the abundance of green algae, cyanobacteria and microcystins in Lake Lesser Prespa, Greece." PLOS ONE 15, no. 3: e0229148.
The environmental neurotoxin β-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) may represent a risk for human health. BMAA accumulates in freshwater and marine organisms consumed by humans. However, few data are available about the kinetics of BMAA accumulation and detoxification in exposed organisms, as well as the organ distribution and the fractions in which BMAA is present in tissues (free, soluble bound or precipitated bound cellular fractions). Here, we exposed the bivalve mussel Dreissena polymorpha to 7.5 µg of dissolved BMAA/mussel/3 days for 21 days, followed by 21 days of depuration in clear water. At 1, 3, 8, 14 and 21 days of exposure and depuration, the hemolymph and organs (digestive gland, the gills, the mantle, the gonad and muscles/foot) were sampled. Total BMAA as well as free BMAA, soluble bound and precipitated bound BMAA were quantified by tandem mass spectrometry. Free and soluble bound BMAA spread throughout all tissues from the first day of exposure to the last day of depuration, without a specific target organ. However, precipitated bound BMAA was detected only in muscles and foot from the last day of exposure to day 8 of depuration, at a lower concentration compared to free and soluble bound BMAA. In soft tissues (digestive gland, gonad, gills, mantle and muscles/foot), BMAA mostly accumulated as a free molecule and in the soluble bound fraction, with variations occurring between the two fractions among tissues and over time. The results suggest that the assessment of bivalve contamination by BMAA may require the quantification of total BMAA in whole individuals when possible.
Alexandra Lepoutre; Elisabeth J. Faassen; A. J. Zweers; Miquel Lürling; Alain Geffard; Emilie Lance. How the Neurotoxin β-N-Methylamino-l-Alanine Accumulates in Bivalves: Distribution of the Different Accumulation Fractions among Organs. Toxins 2020, 12, 61 .
AMA StyleAlexandra Lepoutre, Elisabeth J. Faassen, A. J. Zweers, Miquel Lürling, Alain Geffard, Emilie Lance. How the Neurotoxin β-N-Methylamino-l-Alanine Accumulates in Bivalves: Distribution of the Different Accumulation Fractions among Organs. Toxins. 2020; 12 (2):61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra Lepoutre; Elisabeth J. Faassen; A. J. Zweers; Miquel Lürling; Alain Geffard; Emilie Lance. 2020. "How the Neurotoxin β-N-Methylamino-l-Alanine Accumulates in Bivalves: Distribution of the Different Accumulation Fractions among Organs." Toxins 12, no. 2: 61.
Lanthanum Modified Bentonite (LMB; Phoslock®) is used to mitigate eutrophication by binding phosphate released from sediments. This study investigated the fate of lanthanum (La) from LMB in water, sediment, macrophytes, and chironomid larvae in Lake Rauwbraken (The Netherlands). Before the LMB application, water column filterable La (FLa) was 0.02 µg L−1, total La (TLa) was 0.22 µg L−1. In sediment the total La ranged 0.03–1.86 g m−2. The day after the application the maximum FLa concentration in the water column was 44 µg L−1, TLa was 528 µg L−1, exceeding the Dutch Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) of 10.1 µg L−1 by three to fourfold. TLa declined below the MPC after 15 days, FLa after 75 days. After ten years, FLa was 0.4 µg L−1 and TLa was 0.7 µg L−1. Over the post-application years, FLa and TLa showed statistically significant downward trends. While the LMB settled homogeneously on sediment, after 3 years it redistributed to 0.2–5.4 g La m−2 within shallow zones, and 30.7 g m−2 to 40.0 g La m−2 in deeper zones. In the upper 20 cm of sediment, La concentrations were 7–6702 mg kg −1 dry weight (DW) compared to 0.5–7.0 mg kg−1 before application. Pre-application anaerobic sediment release of FLa was 0.006 mg m−2 day−1. Three months after the application it was 1.02 mg m−2 day−1. Three years later it was 0.063 mg m−2 day−1. Before application La in plants was 0.8–5.1 mg La kg−1 DW, post-application values were up to 2925 mg La kg−1 DW. In chironomid larvae, La increased from 1.7 µg g−1 DW before application to 1421 µg g−1 DW after one month, 3 years later it was 277 µg g−1 DW. Filtration experiments indicate FLa is not truly dissolved free La3+ cations.
Frank van Oosterhout; Guido Waajen; Said Yasseri; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Natália Pessoa Noyma; Maíra Mucci; Grant Douglas; Miquel Lürling. Lanthanum in Water, Sediment, Macrophytes and chironomid larvae following application of Lanthanum modified bentonite to lake Rauwbraken (The Netherlands). Science of The Total Environment 2019, 706, 135188 .
AMA StyleFrank van Oosterhout, Guido Waajen, Said Yasseri, Marcelo Manzi Marinho, Natália Pessoa Noyma, Maíra Mucci, Grant Douglas, Miquel Lürling. Lanthanum in Water, Sediment, Macrophytes and chironomid larvae following application of Lanthanum modified bentonite to lake Rauwbraken (The Netherlands). Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 706 ():135188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank van Oosterhout; Guido Waajen; Said Yasseri; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Natália Pessoa Noyma; Maíra Mucci; Grant Douglas; Miquel Lürling. 2019. "Lanthanum in Water, Sediment, Macrophytes and chironomid larvae following application of Lanthanum modified bentonite to lake Rauwbraken (The Netherlands)." Science of The Total Environment 706, no. : 135188.
Phosphorus loading plays an important role in the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and understanding how this nutrient affects the physiology of cyanobacteria is imperative to manage these phenomena. Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii are cyanobacterial species that form potentially toxic blooms in freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Blooms comprise numerous strains with high trait variability, which can contribute to the widespread distribution of these species. Here, we explored the intraspecific variability in response to phosphorus depleted conditions (P-) testing five strains of each species. Strains could be differentiated by cell volume or genetic profiles except for those of the same species, sampling location and date, though these presented differences in their response to (P-). Although differently affected by (P-) over 10 days, all strains were able to grow and maintain photosynthetic activity. For most M. aeruginosa and R. raciborskii strains growth rates were not significantly different comparing (P+) and (P-) conditions. After ten days in (P-), only one M. aeruginosa strain and two R. raciborskii strains showed reduction in biovolume yield as compared to (P+) but in most strains chlorophyll-a concentrations were lower in (P-) than in (P+). Reduced photosystem II efficiency was found for only one R. raciborskii strain while all M. aeruginosa strains were affected. Only two M. aeruginosa and one R. raciborskii strain increased alkaline phosphatase activity under (P-) as compared to (P+). Variation in P-uptake was also observed but comparison among strains yielded homogeneous groups comprised of representatives of both species. Comparing the response of each species as a whole, the (P-) condition affected growth rate, biovolume yield and chlorophyll yield. However, these parameters revealed variation among strains of the same species to the extent that differences between M. aeruginosa and R. raciborskii were not significant. Taken together, these results do not support the idea that R. raciborskii, as a species, can withstand phosphorus limitation better than M. aeruginosa and also point that the level of intraspecific variation may preclude generalizations based on studies that use only one or few strains.
Iame Alves Guedes; Ana Beatriz F. Pacheco; Mauro C.P. Vilar; Mariana M. Mello; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Miquel Lurling; Sandra M.F.O. Azevedo. Intraspecific variability in response to phosphorus depleted conditions in the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii. Harmful Algae 2019, 86, 96 -105.
AMA StyleIame Alves Guedes, Ana Beatriz F. Pacheco, Mauro C.P. Vilar, Mariana M. Mello, Marcelo Manzi Marinho, Miquel Lurling, Sandra M.F.O. Azevedo. Intraspecific variability in response to phosphorus depleted conditions in the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii. Harmful Algae. 2019; 86 ():96-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIame Alves Guedes; Ana Beatriz F. Pacheco; Mauro C.P. Vilar; Mariana M. Mello; Marcelo Manzi Marinho; Miquel Lurling; Sandra M.F.O. Azevedo. 2019. "Intraspecific variability in response to phosphorus depleted conditions in the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Raphidiopsis raciborskii." Harmful Algae 86, no. : 96-105.
Applications of aluminium (Al) salt or lanthanum (La) modified bentonite (LMB) have become popular methodologies for immobilizing phosphorus (P) in eutrophic lakes. The presence of humic substances, has been shown to inhibit this form of treatment due to the complexation with La/Al. However, the effects of other dissolved organic matter (DOM), especially that derived from phytoplankton (the dominant source in eutrophic lakes) are unknown. In this study, the interaction with La/Al of Suwannee River Standard Humic Acid Standard II (SRHA) and algae-derived DOM (ADOM) were investigated and compared. Differed to SRHA which was dominated by polyphenol-like component (76.8%, C1-SRHA), majority in ADOM were protein-like substance, including 41.9% tryptophan-like component (C2-ADOM) and 21.0% tyrosine-like component (C3-ADOM). Two reactions of complexation and coprecipitation were observed between SRHA/ADOM and La/Al. Complexation dominated at low metal inputs less than 10 μM and coprecipitation was the main reaction at higher metal inputs. For ADOM, the tryptophan-like component (C2-ADOM) was the important component to react with metal. The reaction rate for C2-ADOM with La were about two-third of that for C1-SRHA, indicating that the influence of C2-ADOM was significant during the P immobilization by La/Al-based treatment in eutrophic lakes. The P removal data in the presence of ADOM confirmed the significant inhibition of ADOM. In addition, based on the composition of coprecipitates and relatively biodegradable character of tryptophan-like substances (C2-ADOM), the coprecipitation of ADOM was assumed to reduce the stability of precipitated P in eutrophic lakes. The release of P from the potential biodegradation of the coprecipitates and thus the possible decline of the performance of P immobilization by La/Al-based treatments is an important work in the future.
Yingxun Du; Qiaoying Zhang; Zhengwen Liu; Hu He; Miquel Lürling; Musong Chen; Yunlin Zhang. Composition of dissolved organic matter controls interactions with La and Al ions: Implications for phosphorus immobilization in eutrophic lakes. Environmental Pollution 2019, 248, 36 -47.
AMA StyleYingxun Du, Qiaoying Zhang, Zhengwen Liu, Hu He, Miquel Lürling, Musong Chen, Yunlin Zhang. Composition of dissolved organic matter controls interactions with La and Al ions: Implications for phosphorus immobilization in eutrophic lakes. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 248 ():36-47.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYingxun Du; Qiaoying Zhang; Zhengwen Liu; Hu He; Miquel Lürling; Musong Chen; Yunlin Zhang. 2019. "Composition of dissolved organic matter controls interactions with La and Al ions: Implications for phosphorus immobilization in eutrophic lakes." Environmental Pollution 248, no. : 36-47.
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a potentially toxic freshwater cyanobacterium that can tolerate a wide range of light and temperature. Due to climatic changes, the interaction between light and temperature is studied in aquatic systems, but no study has addressed the effect of both variables on the saxitoxins production. This study evaluated the combined effect of light and temperature on saxitoxins production and cellular quota in C. raciborskii. Experiments were performed with three C. raciborskii strains in batch cultures under six light intensities (10, 40, 60, 100, 150, and 500 μmol of photons m−2 s−1) and four temperatures (15, 20, 25, and 30 °C). The growth of C. raciborskii strains was limited at lower temperatures and the maximum growth rates were obtained under higher light combined with temperatures equal or above 20 °C, depending on the strain. In general, growth was highest at 30 °C at the lower light intensities and equally high at 25 °C and 30 °C under higher light. Highest saxitoxins concentration and cell-quota occurred at 25 °C under high light intensities, but were much lower at 30 °C. Hence, increased temperatures combined with sufficient light will lead to higher C. raciborskii biomass, but blooms could become less toxic in tropical regions.
Marcella Mesquita; Miquel Lürling; Fabiane Dorr; Ernani Pinto; Marcelo Marinho. Combined Effect of Light and Temperature on the Production of Saxitoxins in Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Strains. Toxins 2019, 11, 38 .
AMA StyleMarcella Mesquita, Miquel Lürling, Fabiane Dorr, Ernani Pinto, Marcelo Marinho. Combined Effect of Light and Temperature on the Production of Saxitoxins in Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Strains. Toxins. 2019; 11 (1):38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcella Mesquita; Miquel Lürling; Fabiane Dorr; Ernani Pinto; Marcelo Marinho. 2019. "Combined Effect of Light and Temperature on the Production of Saxitoxins in Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Strains." Toxins 11, no. 1: 38.
Studies on cyanobacteria in Vietnam are limited and mainly restricted to large reservoirs. Cyanobacterial blooms in small water bodies may pose a health risk to local people. We sampled 17 water bodies in the vicinity of urban settlements throughout the Mekong basin and in southeast Vietnam. From these, 40 water samples were taken, 24 cyanobacterial strains were isolated and 129 fish, 68 snail, 7 shrimp, 4 clam, and 4 duck samples were analyzed for microcystins (MCs). MCs were detected up to 11,039 µg/L or to 4033 µg/g DW in water samples. MCs were detected in the viscera of the animals. MC-LR and MC-RR were most frequently detected, while MC-dmLR, MC-LW, and MC-LF were first recorded in Vietnam. Microcystis was the main potential toxin producer and the most common bloom-forming species. A potential health hazard was found in a duck–fish pond located in the catchment of DauTieng reservoir and in the DongNai river where raw water was collected for DongNai waterwork. The whole viscera of fish and snails must be completely removed during food processing. Cyanobacterial monitoring programs should be established to assess and minimize potential public health risks.
Bui Trung; Thanh-Son Dao; Elisabeth Faassen; Miquel Lürling. Cyanobacterial Blooms and Microcystins in Southern Vietnam. Toxins 2018, 10, 471 .
AMA StyleBui Trung, Thanh-Son Dao, Elisabeth Faassen, Miquel Lürling. Cyanobacterial Blooms and Microcystins in Southern Vietnam. Toxins. 2018; 10 (11):471.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBui Trung; Thanh-Son Dao; Elisabeth Faassen; Miquel Lürling. 2018. "Cyanobacterial Blooms and Microcystins in Southern Vietnam." Toxins 10, no. 11: 471.
Water bodies in the urban landscape are omnipresent, with many being small, lentic waters such as ponds and lakes. Because of high anthropogenic forcing, these systems have poor water quality, with large consequences for the provisioning of ecosystem services. Understanding of the main pressures on urban water quality is key to successful management. We identify six pressures that we hypothesize to have strong links to anthropogenic forcing including: eutrophication, aquatic invasive species, altered hydrology, altered habitat structure, climate change, and micropollutants. We discuss how these pressures may affect water quality and ecological functioning of urban waters. We describe how these pressures may interact, posing challengers for water management. We identify steps that need to be taken towards sustainable restoration, recognizing the challenges that potentially interacting pressures pose to water managers.
Sven Teurlincx; Jan J Kuiper; Ellen Cm Hoevenaar; Miquel Lurling; Robert J Brederveld; Annelies J Veraart; Annette Bg Janssen; Wolf M Mooij; Lisette N De Senerpont Domis. Towards restoring urban waters: understanding the main pressures. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2018, 36, 49 -58.
AMA StyleSven Teurlincx, Jan J Kuiper, Ellen Cm Hoevenaar, Miquel Lurling, Robert J Brederveld, Annelies J Veraart, Annette Bg Janssen, Wolf M Mooij, Lisette N De Senerpont Domis. Towards restoring urban waters: understanding the main pressures. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 2018; 36 ():49-58.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSven Teurlincx; Jan J Kuiper; Ellen Cm Hoevenaar; Miquel Lurling; Robert J Brederveld; Annelies J Veraart; Annette Bg Janssen; Wolf M Mooij; Lisette N De Senerpont Domis. 2018. "Towards restoring urban waters: understanding the main pressures." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 36, no. : 49-58.
Eutrophication (nutrient over-enrichment) is the primary worldwide water quality issue often leading to nuisance cyanobacterial blooms. Climate change is predicted to cause further rise of cyanobacteria blooms as cyanobacteria can have a competitive advantage at elevated temperatures. We tested the hypothesis that simultaneous rise in nutrients and temperature will promote cyanobacteria more than a single increase in one of the two drivers. To this end, controlled experiments were run with seston from 39 different urban water bodies varying in trophic state from mesotrophic to hypertrophic. These experiments were carried out at two different temperatures, 20°C (ambient) and 25°C (warming scenario) with or without the addition of a surplus of nutrients (eutrophication scenario). To facilitate comparisons, we quantified the effect size of the different treatments, using cyanobacterial and algal chlorophyll a concentrations as a response variable. Cyanobacterial and algal chlorophyll a concentrations were determined with a PHYTO-PAM phytoplankton analyzer. Warming caused an 18% increase in cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a, while algal chlorophyll-a concentrations were on average 8% higher at 25°C than at 20°C. A nutrient pulse had a much stronger effect on chlorophyll-a concentrations than warming. Cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a concentrations in nutrient enriched incubations at 20 or 25°C were similar and 9 times higher than in the incubations without nutrient pulse. Likewise, algal chlorophyll-a concentrations were 6 times higher. The results of this study confirm that warming alone yields marginally higher cyanobacteria chlorophyll-a concentrations, yet that a pulse of additional nutrients is boosting blooms. The responses of seston originating from mesotrophic waters seemed less strong than those from eutrophic waters, which indicates that nutrient control strategies –catchment as well as in-system measures– could increase the resilience of surface waters to the negative effects of climate change.
Miquel Lürling; Mariana Mendes e Mello; Frank Van Oosterhout; Lisette De Senerpont Domis; Marcelo Marinho. Response of Natural Cyanobacteria and Algae Assemblages to a Nutrient Pulse and Elevated Temperature. Frontiers in Microbiology 2018, 9, 1851 .
AMA StyleMiquel Lürling, Mariana Mendes e Mello, Frank Van Oosterhout, Lisette De Senerpont Domis, Marcelo Marinho. Response of Natural Cyanobacteria and Algae Assemblages to a Nutrient Pulse and Elevated Temperature. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2018; 9 ():1851.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiquel Lürling; Mariana Mendes e Mello; Frank Van Oosterhout; Lisette De Senerpont Domis; Marcelo Marinho. 2018. "Response of Natural Cyanobacteria and Algae Assemblages to a Nutrient Pulse and Elevated Temperature." Frontiers in Microbiology 9, no. : 1851.