Acute pancreatitis,treatment,agmatine,cerulein,rat

Background and Objectives: CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have revolutionized the treatment of hormone receptor-positive HER2 negative (HR(+)/HER2(-)) breast cancer. Despite their efficacy, interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect. This study aims to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of ILD associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer patients in Turkey. Materials and Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis included 464 breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors between January 2017 and April 2024. Patients receiving ribociclib or palbociclib were evaluated for the development of ILD. Radiological assessments were performed to confirm ILD and exclude other conditions. Clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: ILD was identified in 10 patients (2.1%). The average age of the affected patients was 62.5 ± 9.85 years. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) were the most common radiological patterns. Palbociclib was implicated in six cases, while ribociclib was associated with four cases. Grade 3 pulmonary toxicity was observed in eight patients, and Grade 4 toxicity in two patients. One patient who was on palbociclib died due to ILD. No significant correlation was found between ILD and age, smoking status, lung metastases, or prior thoracic radiotherapy. Conclusions: The incidence of CDK4/6 inhibitor-associated ILD in Turkish breast cancer patients appears higher than previously reported in clinical trials. More robust, long-term studies are necessary to identify potential risk factors and mitigate ILD-related mortality.

Aim: We aimed to determine the frequency of troponin elevations in COVID-19 patients and to investigate the role of troponin in demonstrating the prognosis of COVID-19 by examining the clinical course of theese patients. Material and Method: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease were included in the study. Patient files were analyzed retrospectively through the hospital information management system.Patients with high troponin levels were identified and comparisons were made with patients with normal troponin levels. Results: 1468 patients were included in the study.Troponin level was found to be high in 6.7% of the patients.The presence of pneumonia on thorax CT rate,hospitalization rate,ICU admission rate,intubation rate was significantly higher in patients with high troponin levels.The mortality rate was 2.1% in the whole group.The mortality rate was significantly higher in the patients with high troponin levels.Total length of hospital and ICU stay were significantly higher in patients with high troponin levels.There was a significant positive correlation between the troponin levels of the patients at admission and the total length of hospital stay and length of ICU stay. 49.5% of COVID-19 patients had another comorbid disease.Hypertension was the most common comorbid disease. The rate of troponin elevation and troponin levels were significantly higher in patients with other comorbid diseases. Conclusion: It has been found that high troponin levels in COVID-19 patients may be associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Troponin can be used as a predictor of prognosis with more comprehensive studies and long-term follw-up results in the future.

Aim: It was aimed to investigate the relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the clinical course in COVID-19 because the nutritional status is important in defense against infection. Material and Method: 1579 patients who applied to the hospital inpatient clinic between 01/04/2020 and 30/11/2020 were included in the study. The PNI scores of the patients were calculated at the time of admission to the hospital. Comparisons were made between PNI scores of the patients and intensive care unit admission status, treatment results, length of hospital stay, and presence of pneumonia on thorax CT. Moreover, comparisons were made between PNI scores and C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil/ymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP/albumin ratio. Results: A total of 1579 patients (755 females and 824 males) were included in the study. The rate of admission to the ICU was significantly higher in males. The mortality rate of the study group was 9.4%. PNI scores were found to be significantly lower in patients who died and in patients admitted to the ICU. CRP and CRP/albumin ratio levels were significantly higher in patients with pneumonia on thorax CT, in patients admitted to the intensive care unit, and in patients who died. There were a significant negative correlation between PNI score and CRP/albumin ratio levels. Conclusion: PNI scores were found to be significantly lower in patients who needed admission to the intensive care unit and died due to severe COVID-19 than the others. In patients with a low PNI score, COVID-19 can be more severe and it may cause worse clinical outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the role of testosterone to estradiol ratio in predicting the effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin and testosterone treatments in male hypogonadism. Materials and methods: Thirty-six male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included in the study. Seventeen (47.2%) patients received weekly recombinant human choriogonadotropin alpha (hCG) treatment (group-1) and 19 (52.8%) received testosterone replacement therapy (T treatment) every 21 days (group-2). Under these treatments, adequate frequency of morning erection (≥3/week), testosterone to estradiol ratio (T/E), [...] ABSTRACT Objective: We aimed to investigate the role of testosterone to estradiol ratio in predicting the effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin and testosterone treatments in male hypogonadism. Materials and methods: Thirty-six male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included in the study. Seventeen (47.2%) patients received weekly recombinant human choriogonadotropin alpha (hCG) treatment (group-1) and 19 (52.8%) received testosterone replacement therapy (T treatment) every 21 days (group-2). Under these treatments, adequate frequency of morning erection (≥3/week), testosterone to estradiol ratio (T/E),