Drying processes are among the most energy-intensive industrial processes. There is a need for development of the efficient methods needed for estimating, measuring, and reducing energy use. Different machine learning algorithms might provide some of the answers to these issues in a faster and less costly way, without the need for time-consuming and expensive experiments done at different scales of the dryers. The aim of this paper was to provide a comprehensive overview of machine learning applications for addressing energy-related challenges by exploration of different energy types and energy reduction opportunities. Also, the analysis of the applied algorithms, their specific applications and a critical evaluation of the obtained results are provided. The paper is based on the necessity of the improvements in energy use needed for drying related on the existing data. The overview of the ways for such achievements, and a general classification of machine learning algorithm are the background of the paper. The methods used are the machine learning techniques employed in different energy-related issues for drying processes. The paper focuses on the applications of artificial neural networks and other machine learning algorithms and models for different energy-related issues, including different energy types applications, challenges associated with energy consumption, and opportunities for energy reduction. Not only the applied algorithms, but also their specific applications, and the statistical analysis of the obtained results are also overviewed. Finally, a critical evaluation of the findings highlighting the potentials of machine learning algorithms in addressing energy-related challenges (such as estimation of energy consumption, opportunities for energy reduction, and use of different energy sources) is provided. The presented analysis underscored the effectiveness of machine learning applications for these purposes.

Maria Telkes, often referred to as the "Sun Queen," was a pioneering figure in solar energy technology. This manuscript revisits her innovative contributions, focusing on the Dover Sun House, the world?s first solar-heated home, and her groundbreaking work on solar desalination devices and solar ovens. Designed in collaboration with architect Eleanor Raymond in 1948, the Dover Sun House utilized Glauber?s salt for thermal energy storage, demonstrating the feasibility of phase-change materials in residential heating. While operational challenges, such as material stratification, limited its success, the project laid the groundwork for future advancements in energy storage technologies. Telkes? solar desalination u-nit, adopted by the U.S. military, and her solar ovens for remote communities exemplify her ability to combine scientific ingenuity with practical applications. Her work addressed key challenges of energy access and sustainability long before these issues gained global prominence. This manuscript examines Telkes? legacy through a historical and technical lens, linking her pioneering efforts to modern renewable energy solutions. By critically analyzing her successes and the limitations of her designs, this study highlights the relevance of her work in addressing today?s energy and climate challenges. Telkes? visionary approach and unwavering commitment to innovation underscore the enduring value of integrating science, sustainability, and practicality.

This document explores the transition to zero-emission district heating in Esbjerg, Denmark, highlighting the innovative practices and technologies implemented in the „Heating for the Future“ project. The focus is on the integration of large-scale heat pumps, biomass systems, and advanced energy management solutions to replace traditional fossil fuel sources. With the closure of the Esbjergværket Power Plant, the project aims to achieve a sustainable energy supply by utilizing renewable resources, such as wood chips and seawater heat pumps. This study underscores the importance of transitioning to greener heating solutions while ensuring reliability and efficiency in district heating networks, ultimately contributing to Denmark’s ambitious climate goals.

The paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of air pressure drop while flowing through wheat straw beds. According to Darcy?s law, the smaller the porosity of the bed is, the bigger the pressure drop will be. The investigation was conducted using three different porosities (or three bed densities), and for two different air flow rates. After determining porosity (which is directly measurable), the permeability of straw could be found. For high flow velocities, such as the velocity of air flowing through a straw bale, the Forchheimer equation becomes more relevant as a correction of Darcy?s law with inertial effects included. Otherwise, the permeability tensor depends only on the geometry of the porous medium. With permeability known, the Forchheimer equation coefficients can be easily estimated. These results may be important for the future development of efficient biomass combustion facilities. The measurement methods and facility characteristics are described in more detail.

U ovom radu analiziran je postupak tretmana oraha koji se izlažu sušenju. Sugerisani su dijagrami tokova, kako za ceo proces koji uključuje i pripremne operacije, tako i za numeričku analizu posmatranog problema, koja je neophodna da bi se dobili preliminarni rezultati matematičkog modela procesa sušenja oraha. Detaljnije je objašnjena numerička strategija, kao i različiti metodi sušenja i skladištenja. Ovakva analiza problema pruža uopštenu sliku procesa sušenja, što može da omogući bolji uvid u partikularne probleme i pouzdanije planiranje procesa.