Potatoes, a vital global food crop, have shown remarkable adaptability, significantly contributing to food security. Technological advancements now enable their cultivation from soil-based systems to liquid synthetic nutrient media, even in artificial closed environments without natural light or fertile soil. This study examined the effects of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Kinetin (Kin) at concentrations ranging from 0 to 5 mg/L and sucrose concentrations ranging from 20 to 120 g/L on in vitro tuberization, focusing on microtuber size, weight, and tuberization rate. Nodal segments from virus-free ‘Red Scarlet’ in vitro potato plantlets were used as explants. These explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium solidified with 0.5% agar. The study also compared minituber production efficiency under soil-based greenhouse and aeroponic conditions. The highest in vitro potato tuberization rate (90%) was achieved with 80 g/L sucrose and 3.0 mg/L BAP. After induction, virus-free microtubers were transferred to both greenhouse conditions and aeroponic systems for further assessment of minituber production and biochemical composition. These findings demonstrate the potential of aeroponics as a superior method for producing high-quality, pathogen-free minitubers. Aeroponics resulted in significantly higher minituber yields compared to soil-based greenhouse systems, offering a scalable and efficient solution for seed production.

Actinidia arguta Miq., commonly known as kiwiberry or hardy kiwifruit, is increasingly recognized as a multifunctional horticultural species with nutritional, phytochemical, and biotechnological value. Although research has traditionally focused on fruit quality, increasing evidence indicates that leaves, shoots, stems, roots, flowers, seeds, and processing residues contain diverse metabolites with potential applications in food, nutraceuticals, and biomass valorization. This review provides an integrated, organ-oriented analysis of the phytochemical composition, metabolic specialization, molecular regulation, biotechnological potential, and translational applications of A. arguta. Fruits are important sources of vitamin C, soluble sugars, organic acids, dietary fiber, actinidin, and polyphenols, whereas vegetative tissues accumulate phenolics, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, and pentacyclic triterpenoids. Seeds represent a lipid-rich compartment characterized by polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly α-linolenic acid, as well as tocopherols and other lipophilic compounds. Floral tissues contribute diverse volatile metabolites, while processing residues provide additional sources of dietary fiber and bioactive compounds. Recent metabolomic, transcriptomic, and molecular studies reveal substantial effects of genotype, organ identity, developmental stage, and environmental conditions on phytochemical variation. Despite substantial progress, important gaps remain in multi-organ metabolomic characterization, standardization, bioavailability, safety assessment, and clinical validation. Overall, A. arguta can be considered a whole-plant resource with applications spanning functional foods, nutraceuticals, biotechnology, and sustainable biomass valorization.