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Muhammad Umair Shahid
School of Electronics, Information & Electrical Engineering (SEIEE), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Smart Grid Research & Development Centre, Shanghai, China

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Journal article
Published: 19 July 2021 in EPE Journal
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The control of DC microgrids is a growing area of research. DC distribution networks present an effective solution to the integration of stochastic energy sources as renewable energy and renewable storages. A communication layer is required to exchange measured and estimated values for the secondary control loop. Faults and failures within the communication layer lead to malfunctions and divergence in system values. The control structure is presented using adaptive droop based secondary control for detection of communication islanding and stabilize the operation of the system. Recent years, more robust techniques and methodologies have been suggested to increase system resilience, but the communication islanding detection has not been addressed in DC microgrid at the multi-level control. This work, therefore, modifies the secondary level control to include a communication failure detection scheme that identifies communication islands within this network. Adaptive droop is employed to mitigate the effect of communication islands and regulate current sharing. The proposed scheme is verified using system-level simulations and analytical studies.

ACS Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Jiang Yuning; Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz; HouJun Tang. An adaptive droop technique for load sharing in islanded DC micro grid with faulty communication. EPE Journal 2021, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Jiang Yuning, Khurram Hashmi, Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz, HouJun Tang. An adaptive droop technique for load sharing in islanded DC micro grid with faulty communication. EPE Journal. 2021; ():1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Jiang Yuning; Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz; HouJun Tang. 2021. "An adaptive droop technique for load sharing in islanded DC micro grid with faulty communication." EPE Journal , no. : 1-15.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2020 in Electric Power Systems Research
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Recent advancements in renewable energy have made it possible to meet the load demand on the grid by utilizing smaller distributed renewable energy resources. However, advanced control techniques are required to eliminate the potential of instabilities caused due to load demand variation, as well as the power generation fluctuations by these renewable sources. Due to intermittent nature of renewable sources, a distributed average-based control is presented with a communication network within small-scale distributed grids with improved DC microgrid (MG) control resilience. Global reference set point is achieved using an average-based estimated correction term by utilizing the communication network structure to converge all the agent nodes to a common agreement. Any link failure or latencies in the communication network may disturb the load balance within generating and load agent nodes of the DC MG. The proposed distributed FIR based filter secondary control aims to improve the resilience of the DC MG control by achieving load sharing and voltage regulation, keeping the main conventional control system unaffected by communication link islanding. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is substantiated through a detailed study comparing it with existing conventional techniques by presenting mathematical model and experimental simulation results using MATLAB/Simpower tool.

ACS Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Talib Faiz; Imad Hussain; Ji Liang; HouJun Tang. A distributed average-based enhanced resilient control for sustainable energy DC microgrids. Electric Power Systems Research 2020, 186, 106420 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Khurram Hashmi, Muhammad Talib Faiz, Imad Hussain, Ji Liang, HouJun Tang. A distributed average-based enhanced resilient control for sustainable energy DC microgrids. Electric Power Systems Research. 2020; 186 ():106420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Talib Faiz; Imad Hussain; Ji Liang; HouJun Tang. 2020. "A distributed average-based enhanced resilient control for sustainable energy DC microgrids." Electric Power Systems Research 186, no. : 106420.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2019 in Electronics
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This study is dedicated to establishing a comparative analysis of the performance ofdifferent local controllers on the cooperative control of DC microgrids. One of the elementary andchallenging issues in DC microgrids is the assurance of fairness in proportional current sharingwhile accomplishing voltage regulation in parallelly connected distributed energy sources. In thiswork, structural improvements are proposed to enhance the system stability and controlperformance. A finite-gain controller was employed in the outer voltage control loop with a simpleproportional (P) controller in the inner current control loop of a converter. Due to the finite-gaincontroller, droop-like power sharing was achieved without droop coefficient. In order to furtherenhance the power-sharing accuracy and DC voltage regulation, a different method was adopted inconsensus-based cooperative control to estimate the average current and average voltage difference.Moreover, small signal analysis was used to scrutinize the stability and control performance of thelocal controller, while different communication delays and current disturbances were applied toexamine the performance of the controller. Finally, a four-node-based DC microgrid setup wasdeveloped in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and simulation results of the proposed and existingtechniques were scrutinized. The simulations results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposedcontroller.

ACS Style

Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Xiangzhong Fang; Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Talib Faiz. Structural Improvements in Consensus-Based Cooperative Control of DC Microgrids. Electronics 2019, 8, 187 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Xiangzhong Fang, Muhammad Umair Shahid, Muhammad Talib Faiz. Structural Improvements in Consensus-Based Cooperative Control of DC Microgrids. Electronics. 2019; 8 (2):187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Xiangzhong Fang; Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Talib Faiz. 2019. "Structural Improvements in Consensus-Based Cooperative Control of DC Microgrids." Electronics 8, no. 2: 187.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Electronics
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Self-governed micro power networks are a promising solution for meeting the energy needs of isolated communities not having access to regular transmission networks. The control of such isolated networks requires regulation and “fair” sharing of several power generation and storage resources as well as efficient peer-to-peer coordination between power converters operating in the network. The regulation of key parameters as voltage, frequency and power sharing is to be ensured for the system to operate optimally. This paper proposes a new, de-centralized, and hierarchical control approach for power inverters in isolated micro networks with multi-layered controls, each addressing the regulation of key system parameters. The proposed scheme uses distributed quasi-averaging estimators at each participating node to achieve resilience towards disturbances caused by delayed transmission of measurement and control signals in the data acquisition and information exchange layer. Detailed system models are developed using MATLAB and Sim-power systems to test the effectiveness of the proposed scheme under varying control and network scenarios. The results of these studies are presented as pole zero evolutions, stability margins and case study wise simulations. The studies carried out verify the validity of the proposed control strategy for micro-distribution networks.

ACS Style

Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Jianming Xu; Muhammad Umair Shahid; Salman Habib; Muhammad Talib Faiz; HouJun Tang. A Quasi-Average Estimation Aided Hierarchical Control Scheme for Power Electronics-Based Islanded Microgrids. Electronics 2019, 8, 39 .

AMA Style

Khurram Hashmi, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Jianming Xu, Muhammad Umair Shahid, Salman Habib, Muhammad Talib Faiz, HouJun Tang. A Quasi-Average Estimation Aided Hierarchical Control Scheme for Power Electronics-Based Islanded Microgrids. Electronics. 2019; 8 (1):39.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Jianming Xu; Muhammad Umair Shahid; Salman Habib; Muhammad Talib Faiz; HouJun Tang. 2019. "A Quasi-Average Estimation Aided Hierarchical Control Scheme for Power Electronics-Based Islanded Microgrids." Electronics 8, no. 1: 39.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2018 in Electronics
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The monitoring and control of renewable energy sources (RESs) based on DC (Direct Current) microgrids (DC MG) are gaining much consideration at this time. In comparison with the isolated individual control of converters in a microgrid, DC microgrids provide better voltage regulation and harmonized energy generation/consumption. To address the inherent vulnerability of communication links, robust methods have been proposed that improve the resilience of communication-based control. However, the failure of the communication links in microgrid control layers remains a considerable issue that may lead to one or more nodes being disconnected and operating as a communication island. Such types of communication islanding may cause the unpredictable behavior of the system and further destabilization may lead to a cascaded failure. This paper proposes a fast algorithm to detect and evaluate network connectivity based on the information stored at every node in the form of a look-up table. The control structure has been modified under communication islanding, and a communication connectivity observer is used at every node to detect and address power flow issues under communication islanding. The proposed method has been verified through mathematical analysis, simulation, and experimental results.

ACS Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Jianming Xu; Khurram Hashmi; Salman Habib; Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz; HouJun Tang. A Hierarchical Control Methodology for Renewable DC Microgrids Supporting a Variable Communication Network Health. Electronics 2018, 7, 418 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Jianming Xu, Khurram Hashmi, Salman Habib, Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz, HouJun Tang. A Hierarchical Control Methodology for Renewable DC Microgrids Supporting a Variable Communication Network Health. Electronics. 2018; 7 (12):418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Jianming Xu; Khurram Hashmi; Salman Habib; Muhammad Adnan Mumtaz; HouJun Tang. 2018. "A Hierarchical Control Methodology for Renewable DC Microgrids Supporting a Variable Communication Network Health." Electronics 7, no. 12: 418.

Journal article
Published: 11 July 2018 in Inventions
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Microgrids (MGs) are composed of multiple distributed generators (DGs) interfaced to micronetwork through paralleled connected power inverters (PIs). Load sharing among multiple DG units is an important task for autonomous operation of microgrids. In order to realize satisfactory power sharing and voltage regulation between DG units, different voltage droop control strategies have been reported in the literature. In the medium voltage (MV) microgrids, power sharing, and voltage regulation often deteriorate due to dependence on nontrivial feeder impedances. The conventional control strategies are subject to steady-state active and reactive power-sharing errors along with system voltage and frequency deviations. Furthermore, complex microgrid configurations either in looped or meshed networks often make power balancing and voltage regulations more challenging. This paper presents an improved control strategy that can be extended for radial networks in order to enhance the accuracy of power sharing and voltage regulation. The proposed control strategy considers load voltage magnitude regulation as opposed the voltage regulation at inverters terminals. At the same time, a supervisory control loop is added to observe and correct system frequency deviations. This proposed method is aimed at replacing paralleled inverter control methods hitherto used. Simulation studies of the proposed scheme in comparison with the conventional control strategy in MATLAB/Simulink validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

ACS Style

Muhammad Khan; Huawei Jiang; Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Umair Shahid. An Improved Control Strategy for Three-Phase Power Inverters in Islanded AC Microgrids. Inventions 2018, 3, 47 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Khan, Huawei Jiang, Khurram Hashmi, Muhammad Umair Shahid. An Improved Control Strategy for Three-Phase Power Inverters in Islanded AC Microgrids. Inventions. 2018; 3 (3):47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Khan; Huawei Jiang; Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Umair Shahid. 2018. "An Improved Control Strategy for Three-Phase Power Inverters in Islanded AC Microgrids." Inventions 3, no. 3: 47.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2018 in Electronics
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Improvements in control of renewable energy-based microgrids are a growing area of interest. A hierarchical control structure is popularly implemented to regulate key parameters such as power sharing between generation sources, system frequency and node voltages. A distributed control infrastructure is realized by means of a communication network that spans the micro-distribution grid. Measured and estimated values, as well as corrective signals are transmitted across this network to effect required system regulation. However, intermittent latencies and failures of component communication links may result in power imbalances between generation sources, deviations in node voltages and system frequency. This paper proposes a hierarchical control structure to regulate the operation of an islanded AC microgrid experiencing communication link failures. The proposed strategy aims to virtually sub-divide the microgrid into controllable “islands”. Thereafter, active power sharing, frequency and voltage restoration is achieved by competing converter systems through multi-agent consensus. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology has been verified through stability analyses using system wide mathematical small signal models and case study simulations in MATLAB, Simpower systems.

ACS Style

Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Huawei Jiang; Muhammad Umair Shahid; Salman Habib; Muhammad Talib Faiz; HouJun Tang. A Virtual Micro-Islanding-Based Control Paradigm for Renewable Microgrids. Electronics 2018, 7, 105 .

AMA Style

Khurram Hashmi, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Huawei Jiang, Muhammad Umair Shahid, Salman Habib, Muhammad Talib Faiz, HouJun Tang. A Virtual Micro-Islanding-Based Control Paradigm for Renewable Microgrids. Electronics. 2018; 7 (7):105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khurram Hashmi; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Huawei Jiang; Muhammad Umair Shahid; Salman Habib; Muhammad Talib Faiz; HouJun Tang. 2018. "A Virtual Micro-Islanding-Based Control Paradigm for Renewable Microgrids." Electronics 7, no. 7: 105.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2018 in Electronics
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Communication-based distributed secondary control is extensively used in DC microgrids. Compared to centralized control, it can provide better voltage regulation and load sharing in microgrids. A conventional secondary control technique that converges the system to a common operating point is improved by using the control methodology to detect the communication link failure and stabilize the system operation during communication islanding. Recently, more robust control schemes have been proposed to improve resilience, but communication islanding has not been addressed at the secondary level control for which the system requires additional tertiary control. However, link failure is a possibility in the microgrid, so this paper proposes a control scheme at the secondary level to detect communication islanding. Communication islanding may lead the system to unpredictable behavior, which may cause the system to become unstable and may further lead to a cascading failure. The proposed control scheme sustains the stability and operation of a DC microgrid. Voltage and current observer works in a parallel manner with the proposed secondary control to achieve a correction term for global operating points. The proposed control scheme has been verified through analysis and simulation.

ACS Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Khurram Hashmi; Salman Habib; Huawei Jiang; HouJun Tang. A Control Methodology for Load Sharing System Restoration in Islanded DC Micro Grid with Faulty Communication Links. Electronics 2018, 7, 90 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Khurram Hashmi, Salman Habib, Huawei Jiang, HouJun Tang. A Control Methodology for Load Sharing System Restoration in Islanded DC Micro Grid with Faulty Communication Links. Electronics. 2018; 7 (6):90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Umair Shahid; Muhammad Mansoor Khan; Khurram Hashmi; Salman Habib; Huawei Jiang; HouJun Tang. 2018. "A Control Methodology for Load Sharing System Restoration in Islanded DC Micro Grid with Faulty Communication Links." Electronics 7, no. 6: 90.