The structure and reactivity of the radical anion center in ZSM-5 zeolite were studied by the density functional theory method. It was shown that the interaction of the hydrogen zeolite form with adso

Copper-containing catalysts supported on different commercial oxide supports (SiO₂, Al₂O₃, and mixed oxide supports) were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method and investigated for the selective hydrogenation of methyl esters (methyl butyrate, methyl hexanoate, methyl stearate) to fatty alcohols. Characterization techniques, including transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, and the temperature-programmed hydrogen reduction (H₂-TPR) method, were utilized and revealed the relationship between catalyst properties and its structure. The best results of catalytic activity were obtained in the presence of the Cu catalyst supported on SiO₂ with co-precipitated Al₂O₃, where the conversion of esters was above 50% with a selectivity for the corresponding alcohols of 40–70%. This efficient and inexpensive Cu-based catalyst can be widely used in industrial production, which is conducive to promoting the development of non-precious metal catalysts in the biomass industry.

To improve the efficiency of CO₂ hydrogenation, it is essential to develop new catalysts as well as new methods of producing them. In our work, we propose a new Fe-, Co-, Cu-containing catalyst preparation technique based on depositing the active component through urea hydrolysis using microwave heating. We also compare catalysts produced with microwave synthesis to samples obtained through traditional synthesis methods, including impregnation and thermal deposition. The obtained catalysts were characterized by XRD, low-temperature N₂ adsorption, SEM., and UV-VIS methods. The catalytic properties of the catalysts depend not only on the nature of the active component, but also on the preparation method. The best results for CO₂ hydrogenation were achieved with Ni-containing catalysts produced by the impregnation method and microwave synthesis.

Two series of co-precipitated FeO_x@MO_y catalysts with variation of the second component (M = silica, alumina, ceria, zirconia) prepared using CTMABr or Pluronic 123 templates were investigated to assess the effect of the composition and synthesis in CO₂ hydrogenation reaction to C₂₊ hydrocarbons. Alumina- or silica-modified samples were prepared by the CTMABr-assisted route, and alumina-, silica-, ceria-, or zirconia-modified samples were obtained using Pluronic 123. All samples demonstrated uniform component distribution over the surface (by SEM–EDX) with a ratio close to the target value, and the predominant phase in most samples was maghemite with crystallite sizes reaching 17 nm (by XRD). All samples had a mostly mesoporous structure with a small amount of micropores. The highest catalytic activity was achieved for samples containing alumina and zirconia additives in the range of 25 to 50%. The decrease in zirconia content from 25 to 1 wt% did not affect the CO₂ conversion rate but led to a decrease in methane selectivity from 34 to 21%, while the C₂₊ selectivity remained constant 21%. The highest CO₂ conversion rates at 340 °C and 20 atm (12.3 and 12.9 mol(CO₂) × kg_cat⁻¹ × h⁻¹) were achieved with Fe¹/Al¹ P123 and Fe³/Zr¹ P123 samples. The highest C₂₊ selectivity (26%) at the same temperature and pressure was achieved for the monometallic Fe P123 sample, but its CO₂ conversion rate was 5.4 mol(CO₂) × kg_cat⁻¹ × h⁻¹.

1-Methylnaphthalene and the products of hydrogenation exhibit a high hydrogen storage capacity (6.6 wt.%), which makes them extremely promising as liquid organic hydrogen carriers. In this work, effective monometallic catalysts, 15Ni/Al₂O₃, 15Ni/Al₂O₃-SiO₂, and 15Ni/Sib-ox, were synthesized and first investigated for hydrogenation of 1-methylnaphthalene to 1-methyldecalins. The prepared catalysts were characterized using a set of physicochemical analysis methods: SEM-EDX, TEM, XRD, N₂ adsorption–desorption, FTIR and UV-vis-DRS. The catalytic activity of the samples in the hydrogenation reaction of 1-methylnaphthalene (100 min, 4 MPa, 240 °C) was studied in comparison to the traditional catalyst of hydrogenation, Ni Raney. The 15%Ni/Sib-ox catalyst showed a 100% conversion and high selectivity of 85.2% with respect to the target product 1-methyldecalins, while in the presence of Ni Raney, a selectivity of 74.3% was achieved with complete conversion of the substrate.