Creole goats have adapted to the harsh Andean environment, yet the physiological impacts of high-altitude production systems remain underexplored. This study assessed seasonal and dietary influences on the hematological and biochemical profiles of 45 Creole goats in the Peruvian Andes. The animals were assigned to three diets: D1 (grazing), D2 (grazing + 2000 g hay), and D3 (grazing + 400 g concentrate), across rainy and dry seasons. Biweekly blood sampling measured urea, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, ALP, ALT, WBCL, NeuP, LymP, HGB, and MCV. Season exerted the strongest influence (p < 0.001), with modest dietary effects and a consistent effect of sampling time. Urea, total protein, and albumin increased during the rainy season, though only urea responded significantly to diet. Leukocytosis rose in the dry season and with higher-protein diets, suggesting heightened immune activation under environmental stress. Hemoglobin peaked in the rainy season and early sampling, indicating better oxygenation. MCV and body weight were higher in the dry season, with weight unaffected by diet. These results underscore the complex interplay of environmental and nutritional factors in shaping goat physiology at high altitudes, emphasizing the importance of dynamic modeling in sustainable Andean livestock systems.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of multi nutritional blocks (MNB) for growing goats on their productive and economic performance in an intensive system, on the central Peruvian coast. For this, 51 Saanen goats at two months of age and 9.7±1.4kg live weight on average were randomly distributed in three treatments: T0 = control; T1 = MNB supplementation with 24% crude protein (CP), and T2 = MNB supplementation with 29% CP, for a period of two months. Initial live weight (ILW, kg), final live weight (FLW, kg), weight gain (WG, kg), survival rate (SR, %) and economic retribution (ER, S/) were evaluated, using SPSS v. 27. Values of 16.17±1.65 and 6.52±1.44kg were obtained for FLW and WG, respectively, and the SR was 100% for all groups. On the other hand, MNB supplementation had a highly significant effect (p = 0.000) on FLW and WG, and a higher SR was observed when MNB was supplied with 24% CP. In conclusion, MNB supplementation with 24% CP for growing goats, under an intensive production system, significantly improves their productive performance and would achieve a higher economic return.