Background/Objectives: To determine whether patients under 30 years of age who have experienced symptoms for a duration of less than 1 year before undergoing hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoracetabular impingement (FAI) have better patient-reported outcomes than patients aged 40 years or older who have experienced symptoms for a duration of more than 1 year. Methods: This is a single-center, single-surgeon, retrospective analysis performed between August 2007 and May 2023 analyzing patients who underwent hip arthroscopy. Patients were divided into those who were 18 to 30 years old and patients that were 40 years and older. All patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAI and had completed mHHS or NAHS surveys prior to surgery with at least a 2-year follow-up were initially included in the study. Patients were excluded if they had no symptom duration information documented in their electronic medical record, a history of inflammatory arthritis, previous ipsilateral hip surgery, or future conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) before final follow-up. Results: A total of 236 hip arthroscopies were analyzed, including 147 patients ≥40 years and 89 patients 18–30 years, with symptom duration being significantly longer in the older cohort (28.4 vs. 17.5 months, p < 0.001). At 2 years, there was no difference in mHHS or NAHS between groups; however, younger patients with shorter symptom duration were more likely to achieve PASS for NAHS (87.5% vs. 58.7%, p = 0.036). At 5 years, the older cohort showed greater improvement in mHHS (33.1 vs. 22.9, p = 0.048), while patients 18–30 years continued to demonstrate higher absolute mHHS and NAHS at both 2 and 5 years. Regression analysis confirmed that increasing age was associated with lower PROs at follow-up. Conclusions: There was a significantly greater number of patients who achieved PASS for NAHS at 2-year follow-up for patients who were 18–30 years old with symptom duration ≤ 1 year compared to those aged 40+ years old with symptom duration ≥ 1 year. Additionally, patients ≥40 years old experienced a significantly longer symptom duration before surgery and had worse outcomes for mHHS and NAHS at 2- and 5-year follow-up compared to the 18–30 year cohort.

Background: In the U.S, 1.1 million bone fractures require treatment each year. With bone fracture union predicting post-injury quality of life, investigation into therapies improving fracture outcomes is needed. Small animals like mice provide sound models of bone fracture healing. However, current in vivo methodology (μCT) assessing fractures in murine models is costly and may disturb fracture healing. The modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibia Fractures (mRUST) was developed to analyze human fractures efficiently using radiographs. This study hopes to demonstrate that mRUST provides comparable results to current standard measures of fracture healing in female murine models. Methods: In 135, 12-week-old female C57BL/6 mice, femur fractures were induced by surgical procedure. Lateral radiographs were taken directly after surgery along with lateral and anterior posterior images at 7,10,14,17, 21, 24, 28, 35, and 42 days post-surgery (n=15/group). At each time point, 15 mice were sacrificed, and their bones collected for μCT, histomorphometry, and biomechanical analyses. All radiographs will be randomized and assigned mRUST scores by orthopaedic surgeons blinded to groups. Callus and fracture line characteristics in four cortices of radiographs dictate mRUST scores. The level of correlation between mRUST scores and current measures of fracture healing will be calculated. Results: To date, all surgeries have been completed and all radiographs and specimens have been prepared for analyses. After analyses, statistical correlations between mRUST scores and μCT, histomorphometry, and biomechanics measures will be determined. We also plan to compare these findings to our previous findings with male mice to see if differences exist in fracture healing based on sex. Conclusion: Recently, our group validated using mRUST scoring in male murine models. We predict the same for female models. This will bolster the use of radiographs to assess fracture condition in mice, providing a relatively inexpensive tool for fracture therapy assessment.

Background: Meniscus root repair has been shown to improve symptoms and protect against progressive knee arthritis by restoring more normal weightbearing force distribution. While advanced tibiofemoral chondrosis is known to negatively affect root repair outcomes, there is a paucity of literature describing the impact of concomitant patellofemoral chondrosis (PFC). Purpose: To evaluate outcomes of meniscus root repair in patients with and without advanced PFC. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients who underwent isolated posterior medial meniscus root repair (PMMRR) between July 2013 and February 2023, with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Based on intraoperative arthroscopic findings, patients were stratified into 2 groups: those with PFC, defined as Outerbridge grade ≥3, and those without PFC (Outerbridge grade < 3). Clinical outcomes, including meniscal retear, conversion to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and revision meniscal surgery, were obtained through chart review. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected from patients without retear or revision meniscal surgery and who did not convert to UKA or TKA and included the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score–12 (KOOS-12), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, and return-to-sport status. Results: A total of 115 patients were included: 67 with PFC (mean age, 55.0 years; 82.1% female) and 48 non-PFC controls (mean age, 52.0 years; 66.7% female). The mean follow-up duration was 6.2 years for the PFC group and 5.7 years for the non-PFC group. At the final follow-up, there were no significant differences between groups in KOOS-12 Pain, Function in Daily Living, or Quality of Life subscales; IKDC scores; or return-to-sport rates (all P > .05). Rates of Patient Acceptable Symptom State, minimal clinically significant difference, and substantial clinical benefit achievement were also similar. Retear rates (11.9% for PFC and 8.3% for non-PFC) and revision meniscal surgery rates (1.5% for PFC and 4.2% for non-PFC) were similar between groups. However, the PFC group demonstrated a significantly higher rate of conversion to UKA or TKA compared with the non-PFC group (14.9% vs 2.1%; P = .021). Conclusion: Patients with and without PFC at the time of PMMRR who did not experience a retear, undergo revision surgery, or convert to UKA or TKA had comparable PROs and clinically significant outcomes at the final follow-up. However, there was a significantly higher rate (almost 7-fold) of conversion to UKA or TKA in patients with PFC, suggesting that while short- to midterm functional outcomes may be preserved, advanced PFC may predispose patients to earlier progression of joint degeneration and need for arthroplasty.