Aim: The phase angle obtained from the maximum reactance (PA max) is a better potential indicator than the phase angles obtained from multiple frequencies. Our aim in this study is to investigate the correlation of PA max with fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2 DM). Material and Methods: The study was conducted prospectively, two groups were formed as T2 DM (n=75) and healthy controls (n=32) and their demographic variables were examined. Right hand, left hand, right leg, left leg, hand leg and leg leg segment measurements were taken with electrical impedance method and phase angle was obtained at maximum reactance. Correlations with fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c and other variables were examined. Results: Fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, age, body mass index, body fat percentage were found to be significantly higher in the T2 DM group compared with the healthy group. However, RH PA max, RL PA max, LL PA max, H_L PA max, and L_L PA max values were found to be significantly lower than in the healthy group. In T2 DM group, hemoglobin A1c was found significantly negative correlated with PA max in all segments, while fasting glucose is negatively correlated with all segments except LH Pamax. Conclusion: PA max is significantly reduced by the impaired glycemic index in T2 DM and is a potential marker reflecting metabolic status.

Aim: Among the hand functions, grasping is an important function for the continuity of daily living activities. The assessment of grip strength is crucial for identifying athletic prowess, neuromuscular illnesses, assessing potential side effects following hand surgery, and treatment plans. It was aimed to examine whether bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and upper extremity anthropometric measurements are effected grip strength in young adults. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 110 young adults, 55 males and 55 females, aged 18-25 years. Individuals with a history of trauma, musculoskeletal problems, and cardiac, respiratory, metabolic, or systemic diseases were not included in the study. Non-flexible tape measure, Harpenden anthropometric set, digital caliper, hand dynamometer, and skinfold caliper were used for anthropometric measurements. Body fat percentage and lean body mass, muscle mass, basal metabolic rate, and total body fluid parameters were investigated by bioelectrical impedance measurement. Three measurements were taken to reduce the error rate, and the average of these measurements was considered. Results: Excluding arm circumference, forearm length, and wrist circumference from anthropometric measurements, and mineral from BIA parameters; anthropometric measurements and BIA results were found to be statistically significantly correlated with grip strength. Conclusion: Upper extremity anthropometric measurements and BIA were associated with grip strength and varied according to gender. Significant correlations were found between grip strength with most of the anthropometric parameters and BIA.

Morfometrisi ve fasiyal asimetrinin bilinmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada genç erişkinlerde kraniyofasiyal antropometrik ölçümlerin ve fasiyal asimetrinin cinsiyetler arası karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelenmesi amaçlandı. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışma 75 kız 75 erkek olmak üzere toplam 150 birey üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcıların dijital fotoğraf makinesi kullanılarak fotoğrafları çekilerek bu fotoğraflar üzerinden kraniyofasiyal ölçümler “ImageJ” programıyla yapıldı. Gnathion merkezli ölçümler yüzün sağ ve sol yarısında ayrı ayrı ölçülerek asimetri değerleri ve yüzdeleri hesaplandı. BULGULAR: Minimum frontal genişlik ve bilateral alt yüz derinliği erkeklerde kızlara göre daha yüksek ve istatistiksel anlamlı bulunurken (p=0.016; p= 0.028), baş yüksekliği, total kraniyofasiyal baş yüksekliği, bilateral üst yüz derinliği, fizyonomik yüz yüksekliği, iç ve dış kantal mesafe, sağ ve sol göz fissür uzunlukları ve burun uzunluğu kızlarda erkeklere göre daha yüksek ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p=0.025; p=0.041; p=0.026; p=0.036; p=0.000; p=0.000; p=0.032; p=0.005; p=0.000) bulundu. Gnathion merkezli yapılan ölçümlerde yüzün sağ yarısındaki parametreler sol yarısına göre daha uzun ve genel olarak erkeklerde kızlara göre daha yüksek ölçüldü. SONUÇ: Çalışmada her iki cinsiyet arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. Fasiyal asimetri erkeklerde kızlara göre daha fazla tespit edildi. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin yüz anomalileri, pre-op yüz değerlendirmesi ve uygun tedavi protokolünün planlanmasında yardımcı olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

Background: Metabolic age (met-age), a risk marker, may vary within the same chronological age group. Its association with chronological age, waist/height ratio, obesity degree, body mass index (BMI), and physical rating score (PRS)—risk factors for type 2 diabetes—remains unexplored. Methods: A total of 122 type 2 diabetes patients (50 males, 72 females) were analyzed. Bioimpedance measurements were taken using the Tanita MC-780MA, alongside anthropometric data. Variables were compared, and correlations with met-age were assessed. Results: The met-age–chronological age difference was higher in females with type 2 diabetes (p < 0.001). Females also had higher BMI, obesity degree, fat mass, and waist/height ratio (p < 0.05), but lower waist/hip ratio (p < 0.001). Males showed higher PRS, muscle mass, and fat-free mass (p < 0.001). Met-age positively correlated with chronological age and negatively with PRS in both sexes (p < 0.05). According to the linear regression model, in females, the met-age was influenced positively by chronological age and waist/height ratio and negatively by PRS (R² = 0.983). In males, it was positively influenced by chronological age, obesity grade, and BMI, but negatively by PRS (R² = 0.974). Conclusions: Met-age correlates with chronological age and PRS in type 2 diabetes patients. It increases with advancing age and lower PRS, with waist/height ratio impacting females and BMI/obesity degree affecting males.

Handball players need to have upper extremity power and sufficient grip strength to be successful. In this context, it was aimed to determine the relationship between upper extremity anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis with grip strength in elite handball players. The study was conducted on 95 female elite handball players aged 18-24. Athletes with any trauma, musculoskeletal system problems, metabolic or systemic diseases that could affect the upper extremity were not included in the study. Stadiometer, electronic scale, digital caliper, inflexible tape measure, hand dynamometer, pinchmeter and skinfold caliper were used for anthropometric measurements, while Tanita MC-780 was used for bioelectrical impedance analysis. Upper extremity length, arm circumference, arm span, forearm length, forearm circumference, hand length, hand width, hand span, wrist medio-lateral diameter, wrist dorso-volar diameter, wrist circumference, tip pinch, key pinch, palmar pinch were found to be statistically significantly positively correlated with grip strength. A positive significant correlation was identified between grip strength and weight, body mass index, basal metabolic rate, waist/hip ratio from bioelectrical impedance analysis. The positive correlation between grip strength and athletes' anthropometric variables demonstrated the effect of hand anthropometry on grip strength in athletes who use their hands to grip a ball or an opponent. The results of this study can be useful for optimizing training programs as well as providing practical applications for talent selection of handball players.