This paper considers the analysis of problems and methods of implementation of information systems for monitoring natural and industrial facilities. The new approach of data storage, integration and retrieval developed. The practical applicability confirmed through experience in the development of information systems for the processing and analysis of spatial data using a mobile application

This study proposes an interpretable hybrid deep learning framework for classifying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using EEG signals recorded during cognitively demanding tasks. The core architecture integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs), gated recurrent units (GRUs), and long short-term memory (LSTM) layers to jointly capture spatial and temporal dynamics. In addition to the final hybrid architecture, the CNN–GRU–LSTM model alone demonstrates excellent accuracy (99.63%) with minimal variance, making it a strong baseline for clinical applications. To evaluate the role of global attention mechanisms, transformer encoder models with two and three attention blocks, along with a spatiotemporal transformer employing 2D positional encoding, are benchmarked. A hybrid CNN–RNN–transformer model is introduced, combining convolutional, recurrent, and transformer-based modules into a unified architecture. To enhance interpretability, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) are employed to identify key EEG channels contributing to classification outcomes. Experimental evaluation using stratified five-fold cross-validation demonstrates that the proposed hybrid model achieves superior performance, with average accuracy exceeding 99.98%, F1-scores above 0.9999, and near-perfect AUC and Matthews correlation coefficients. In contrast, transformer-only models, despite high training accuracy, exhibit reduced generalization. SHAP-based analysis confirms the hybrid model’s clinical relevance. This work advances the development of transparent and reliable EEG-based tools for pediatric ADHD screening.

The paper presents a hybrid machine learning model for the spatial segmentation of soils by salinity using multispectral satellite data from Sentinel-2 and climate parameters of the ERA5-Land model. The proposed method aims to solve the problem of accurate soil cover segmentation under climate change and high spatial heterogeneity of data. The approach includes the sequential application of unsupervised learning algorithms (K-Means, hierarchical clustering, DBSCAN), the XGBoost model, and a multitasking neural network that performs simultaneous classification and regression. At the first stage, pseudo-labels are formed using K-Means, then a probabilistic assessment of object membership in classes and ensemble voting of clustering algorithms are carried out. The final model is trained on an extended feature space and demonstrates improved results compared to traditional approaches. Experiments on a sample of 33,624 observations (23,536—training sample, 10,088—test sample) showed an increase in the Silhouette Score value from 0.7840 to 0.8156 and a decrease in the Davies–Bouldin Score from 0.3567 to 0.3022. The classification accuracy was 99.99%, with only one error in more than 10,000 test objects. The results confirmed the proposed method’s high efficiency and applicability for remote monitoring, environmental analysis, and sustainable land management.

Modern developments in the fields of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV) emphasize the increasing importance of generating images from text descriptions. The presented article analyzes and compares two key methods in this area: generative adversarial network with conditional latent semantic analysis (GAN-CLS) and ultra-long transformer network (XLNet). The main components of GAN-CLS, including the generator, discriminator, and text encoder, are discussed in the context of their functional tasks—generating images from text inputs, assessing the realism of generated images, and converting text descriptions into latent spaces, respectively. A detailed comparative analysis of the performance of GAN-CLS and XLNet, the latter of which is widely used in the organic light-emitting diode (OEL) field, is carried out. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of each method in different scenarios and then provide valuable recommendations for selecting the best method for generating images from text descriptions, taking into account specific tasks and resources. Ultimately, our paper aims to be a valuable research resource by providing scientific guidance for NLP and CV experts.

In today's world, fire forecasting and early detection play a critical role in preventing disasters and minimizing damage to the environment and human settlements. The main goal of the study is the development and testing of machine learning algorithms for automated detection of the initial stages of fires based on the analysis of multispectral images. Within the framework of this study, the capabilities of three popular machine learning methods: extreme gradient boosting, logistic regression, and vanilla convolutional neural network (vanilla CNN), are considered in the task of processing and interpreting multispectral images to predict and detect fires. XGBoost, as a gradient-boosted decision tree algorithm, provides high processing speed and accuracy, logistic regression stands out for its simplicity and interpretability, while vanilla CNN uses the power of deep learning to analyze spatial and spectral data. The results of the study show that the integration of these methods into monitoring systems can significantly improve the efficiency of early fire detection, as well as help in predicting potential fires.