In the diverse and challenging academic context of the current century, recurrent emotions in the daily life of students are one of the relevant factors to be considered in the educational process, due to their influence on behavior and academic and social performance achievements. Consider rewriting: Considering learning as a situated and recursive process, the neurosciences have contributed primarily to understanding the disposition and attitude that is conducive to student success in an educational and didactic experience that a teacher facilitates.For this reason, a systematic review of research addressing the relationship between learning and emotion was carried out. For the qualitative analysis, 17 articles published between 2017 and 2022 were considered, allowing finally to conform the present review, according to the indications of the PRISMA model. From this study, it is possible to conclude how fundamental it is to implement learning strategies that consider the management and development of pleasant emotions by teachers and students. The emotional management ability of the teacher, and the mastery of brain functioning based on neuroscientific principles, together with the constant improvement, will favor the disposition to experiences that take into account the students' own interests, promoting long-term learning through a variety of physical, social, cognitive and emotional activities. Most of the studies reviewed recognize that the teacher is a key player in the teaching-learning process, suggesting the need to delve deeper into neuro-educational strategies that promote deep learning in their students. En el diverso y desafiante contexto académico del siglo actual, las emociones recurrentes en la cotidianidad del estudiantado son uno de los factores relevantes a considerar en el proceso educativo, por su influencia en la conducta y en los logros de desempeño académico y social. Comprendiendo el aprendizaje como un proceso situado y recursivo, es mediante el aporte de las neurociencias que es posible fundamentar el por qué la disposición y actitud que se favorezca en el aprendiz, propiciando el éxito ante la experiencia educativa y didáctica a la que invite el docente. Por ello se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de las investigaciones que abordan la relación entre aprendizaje y emoción. Para el análisis cualitativo se consideraron 17 artículos publicados entre el 2017 y el 2022, permitiendo finalmente conformar la presente revisión, según las indicaciones del modelo PRISMA. Del estudio realizado, es posible concluir lo fundamental que resulta implementar estrategias de aprendizaje que consideren el manejo y desarrollo de emociones gratas por parte de profesores y estudiantes. La capacidad de gestión emocional con la que cuente el docente, y el dominio del funcionamiento cerebral basado en principios neurocientíficos, junto con el perfeccionamiento constante, favorecerán la disposición a experiencias que consideren los intereses propios del alumnado, promoviendo el aprendizaje a largo plazo, mediante diversos espacios de actividad física, social, cognitiva y emocional. Gran parte de los estudios revisados reconocen que el docente es una pieza clave del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, planteando la necesidad de ahondar en estrategias neuro educativas que impulsen profundos aprendizajes en el estudiantado.

El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la influencia del autoconcepto físico en relación con la motivación de logro y las actitudes de estudiantes de enseñanza media en la asignatura de Educación Física y Salud. Además, se buscó explorar las disparidades en las percepciones entre hombres y mujeres, así como entre aquellos que participan en actividades físico-deportivas. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo-correlacional, utilizando un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de 279 estudiantes de la región del Biobío, Chile. Este instrumento evaluó diversas dimensiones del autoconcepto físico, la motivación de logro y las actitudes hacia la asignatura. Los principales resultados indican que la actividad física constante se vincula con una mejor evaluación en estas dimensiones. Los hombres muestran una percepción corporal más positiva y mayor disposición para la participación activa, mientras que las mujeres experimentan niveles elevados de ansiedad y percepción de dificultad. La actividad física constante se asocia con percepciones más favorables en diversas dimensiones. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de considerar género y nivel de actividad física al diseñar estrategias educativas en Educación Física y Salud en la enseñanza media.

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between sociodemographic variables (i.e., sex, age, marital status, educational level, socioeconomic status, and working mode) and physical activity levels declared by Chilean adults. The sample comprised 483 Chilean adults, 159 men (32.9%) and 324 women (67.1%) aged from 18 to 69 years old (36.5 ± 12.0). The participants completed an ad hoc sociodemographic online survey between December 2022 and March 2023 that included questions about characteristics of participants such as sex, age, educational level, household income, marital status, and working mode. Vigorous, moderate, and walking activities were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), a self-administered questionnaire. Men declared significantly higher vigorous and moderated physical activity than women. People aged 18 to 25, single or unmarried, and with the lowest household income, showed significantly higher scores in vigorous physical activity than those aged 26 to 45, cohabiting with a partner or married, and middle household income, respectively. Regarding working mode, people working at their job site said walking more than people not working, working in a hybrid mode, and working online. Our findings suggest that promoting strategies that increase physical activity during the pandemic is necessary to avoid health problems.

This study analyzes the role of positive parenting, encompassing affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching, on 79 children’s negativity aged 10 to 24 months during interactions with their adolescent mothers (aged 15 to 21). Parenting behaviors were evaluated using the Spanish version of the Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Maternal well-being was assessed using the Spanish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). At the same time, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Socioemotional Development (ASQ-SE) measured mothers’ perceptions of their children’s socioemotional development. Children’s negativity was assessed using the Subscale of Negativity from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (EHSREP Negativity Subscale). Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between maternal affection, responsiveness, encouragement, higher maternal anxiety, and maternal perceptions of their children’s socioemotional development with children’s negativity regarding anger, hostility, or dislike toward their mothers during interaction. Moreover, multivariate regression analysis showed that maternal affection, responsiveness, anxiety, and perceptions of children’s socioemotional development could predict negativity. The study underscores the significance of positive parenting, maternal well-being, and perceptions of children’s socioemotional development to prevent high levels of children’s negativity.

Hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common among Chilean adults over 60, impacting their functionality. This study aimed to determine how health factors such as disease severity, type of OA, medication use, and physical activity levels relate to functionality in individuals with OA. The sample size included 67 women and 13 men aged 38 to 92 (66.6 ± 11.2) with diagnosed knee or hip OA. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to estimate physical activity, the Lequesne Index for functional impairment, and the VAS (Visual Analog Scale) for pain. Data were collected from December 2022 to March 2023. We performed bivariate analyses, which indicated that greater OA severity and bilateral OA are associated with increased functional impairment and pain. Medication use was correlated with higher pain levels, and physical activity was correlated with functionality; there was no correlation with age. Here, 65.4% of the variance in functionality problems was explained by OA severity, bilateral involvement, and pain level, highlighting their impact on functionality. Functionality problems were higher in individuals who suffered higher levels of severity when they performed lower levels of physical activity. These findings underscore the importance of promoting physical activity to improve the quality of life for individuals with OA.

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between sociodemographic variables (i.e., sex, age, marital status, educational level, socioeconomic status, and working mode) and physical activity levels declared by Chilean adults. The sample comprised 483 Chilean adults, 159 men (32.9%), and 324 women (67.1%) aged from 18 to 69 years old (36.5±12.0). The participants completed an ad-hoc sociodemographic online survey that included questions about characteristics of participants such as sex, age, educational level, household income, marital status, and working mode. Vigorous, moderate, and walking activities were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Men declared significantly higher vigorous and moderated physical activity than women. People aged 18 to 25, single or unmarried, and with the lowest household income, showed significantly higher scores in vigorous physical activity than those aged 26 to 45, cohabiting with a partner or married, and middle household income, respectively. Regarding working mode, people working on their job site said walking more than people not working, working on hybrid, and online mode. Our findings suggest that promoting strategies that increase physical activity during the pandemic is necessary to avoid health problems.