Stroke is a leading cause of mortality, and tobacco use is a significant modifiable risk factor. This study analyzed trends in tobacco-associated stroke mortality in the United States from 1999 through 2023 using CDC WONDER data. We included adults aged ≥ 25 years with cerebrovascular disease (ICD-10 I60-I69) as the underlying cause of death and tobacco-related disorders (ICD-10 F17.0-F17.9) as contributing causes. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated based on the 2000 U.S. standard population. Rates were stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, urban-rural status, geographic region, state, and ten-year age groups. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate annual and average annual percent changes (APC and AAPC) in mortality trends over time. A total of 157,916 tobacco-related stroke deaths occurred from 1999 to 2023. The AAMRs increased from 0.41 (95 % CI: 0.38-0.44) in 1999 to 3.80 (95 % CI: 3.73-3.87) in 2023 (average APC: 9.65 %, p < 0.0001). Males had higher AAMRs (3.52) than females (2.02), although females experienced a steeper increase from 1999 to 2005 (APC: 41.3 %, 95 % CI: 30.2-53.3). Non-Hispanic Blacks had the highest average AAMR (3.13), followed by Non-Hispanic Whites (2.83) and Hispanics (1.31). Rural areas (3.84) exceeded metropolitan regions (2.38). Regionally, the Midwest had the highest AAMR (3.57); state rates ranged from Oregon (8.0) to California (0.31). By age, the highest crude rates occurred in those aged 75 years and older, particularly in the 85+ group, which showed a sustained upward trend (APC: 4.29 %, 95 % CI: 3.47-5.11). Disparities in tobacco-associated stroke mortality are increasing across demographic and geographic subgroups, underscoring the need for targeted prevention strategies, equitable access to stroke care, and enhanced health literacy.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) rank among the most common bacterial infections globally, impacting around 404 million individuals each year. This research investigates trends in mortality associated with UTIs in adult patients across the United States from 1999 to 2023. We retrospectively examined death statistics from the CDC WONDER database, examining mortality trends where UTI was the primary or contributing cause. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 1,00,000 were computed and categorized by sex, race/ethnicity, urbanization, state, and census region. Trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression to determine annual percentage change (APC) with 95% confidence intervals. From 1999 to 2023, there were a total of 10,83,913 UTI-related deaths among individuals aged 25 and older. The overall AAMR decreased from 1999 to 2018 (APC: −0.80; 95% CI: −1.13 to −0.46), followed by a significant increase up to 2023 (APC: 3.95; 95% CI: 1.60–6.36). Females consistently displayed higher AAMRs compared to males. Non-Hispanic (NH) American Indian/Alaskan Native individuals experienced the highest (AAMR) among racial groups. In terms of geography, nonmetropolitan areas exhibited higher rates than metropolitan regions, while the South reported the highest AAMR when considering census regions. Tennessee had the highest AAMR (30.48) between 1999 and 2020. Mortality related to UTIs has been on the rise since 2018, with the most notable rates found among females, NH American Indian/Alaskan Native, nonmetropolitan residents, and those in the Southern region. These disparities emphasize the necessity for ongoing initiatives and targeted interventions aimed at these high-risk groups.