More than 1.5 billion tonnes of ash and slag waste from thermal power plants have been accumulated in the RF. The most promising direction of reuse is construction and repair of roads. The most material-intensive direction is the construction of earth bed. The aim of the study is to expand the practice of using ash and slag mixtures from thermal power plants for the construction of roadbeds in continental and polar climate. In order to achieve the goal set in the work the ash and slag mixture from different ash dumps of Irkutsk region was sampled. Ash and slag wastes can be considered as technogenic soils and classified according to GOST 25100 as gravelly sands and dusty sands. Ash and slag mixtures do not possess cohesion, have low values of internal friction angle, high porosity of particles and low specific weight, and small frost heave deformation. To evaluate the efficiency of ash and slag mixtures application in the structures of the roadbed of roads the design and construction of the roadway and the roadbed on the section of the road in the Irkutsk region was carried out. The technology of works on construction of earth bed layers from ash and slag mixtures is similar to the technology of erection of layers from soils. The constructed construction of road with earth bed from ash and slag mixtures has operational characteristics not lower than the construction of the adjacent road section with earth bed from local soils. Ash and slag mixtures can be used for construction of earth bed layers practically without restrictions.

The development of new types of environmentally friendly and cost-effective building materials is currently a relevant topic and is actively developing throughout the world. In modern construction materials science, the most popular direction is the development of new concrete compositions using waste of various origins. The objective of this study is to develop new compositions of foam concrete using local waste from the fuel and energy complex and plant natural fibers. To determine the optimal amount of the modifying additive fly ash (FA), 7 experimental concrete compositions with different percentages of cement replacement by FA were made. The content was established as optimal. Foam concrete with 15% FA has the lowest density of 1075 kg/m3 and a minimum thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.248 W/m × °C, as well as increases in compressive and bending strength of 23.3% and 21.7%, respectively. The effect of coconut fiber (CF) was assessed on the composition of foam concrete modified with the optimal amount of FA 15%. The optimal dosage of CF was 0.6%. As a result of FA modification and CF dispersed reinforcement, a complex effect was obtained. The increase in compressive and bending strength was 30.14% and 72.83%, respectively, compared to conventional foam concrete. The density and thermal conductivity coefficient decreased by 9.8% and 8.34%, respectively. The results obtained during the experimental studies prove the effectiveness of the proposed formulation solutions and allow obtaining an energy-efficient foam concrete composite with improved characteristics.

Modern software solutions have a multiplicative effect on enhancing quality of life across various urban sectors, including the environment, education, public health, security, transportation, time efficiency, employment, and other key aspects of city living. This article addresses a specific issue concerning the organisation of leisure activities for both local residents and tourists, using the Chechen Republic as a case study. In response, the study aimed to develop a digital solution to address this challenge, with potential for integration into the Republic’s unified digital ecosystem. By employing system analysis methods, the authors identified the key objects and stakeholders involved in the problem domain. They also defined the software product’s functionality and classified user categories. Using Unified Modelling Language methods, a use case diagram was developed to illustrate the conceptual operation of the system. Furthermore, object-oriented design methods were applied to create a user interface prototype for the software product. As a result, a digital service was developed that enables users to create personalised leisure routes, taking into account individual goals, time constraints, traffic conditions, and the real-time status of urban infrastructure. The resulting software solution is both customisable and scalable. The article also presents selected examples of project development.

Improving the quality and durability of construction materials while simultaneously reducing the costs of their production and use remains a pressing issue in construction material science. Analyzing the industrial experience of using construction composites leads to the conclusion that new technologies are based on the dominant position of the active binder component, which is responsible for accelerating the hydration processes, targeted formation of the phase composition, and modification of the structure of the cement paste. Combining clinker and mineral components, incorporating chemical modifiers, and properly designing the formulation and preparation technology of the binder composition and concrete mix makes it possible to achieve the desired design strength, reduce cement consumption, and lower product cost. This paper presents the results of studying a complex pozzolanic additive, whose material composition enables the formation of a denser stone structure due to an additional active source of unhydrated calcium silicates and sodium/calcium aluminosilicates. The resulting filled binder exhibits properties significantly superior to control samples. Using local inert materials and achieving a 25% reduction in clinker, concrete mixes of classes B20–22.5 were developed. These are widely used in the casting of foundations, floor slabs, stair flights, paving elements, and other concrete and reinforced concrete products.