Article provides a brief overview of the complications arising during the construction of oil and gas wells in conditions of abnormally high and abnormally low formation pressures. Technological properties of the solutions used to eliminate emergency situations when drilling wells in the intervals of catastrophic absorption and influx of formation fluid have been investigated. A technology for isolating water influx in intervals of excess formation pressure has been developed. The technology is based on the use of a special device that provides control of the hydrodynamic pressure in the annular space of the well. An experiment was carried out to determine the injection time of a viscoelastic system depending on its rheology, rock properties and technological parameters of the isolation process. A mathematical model based on the use of a special device is presented. The model allows determining the penetration depth of a viscoelastic system to block water-bearing horizons to prevent interformation crossflows and water breakthrough into production wells.

Introduction. The implementation of priorities of the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation involves an assessment of the trends in the development of human, scientific, technological and innovation potential within the framework of these directions. In modern conditions of transformation of science and technology into key factors of Russian development, it is necessary to provide the country’s economy with human resources capable of withstanding “big challenges”, but at this stage there is a shortage of highly qualified specialists in many key industries that can offer a new scientific result, taking into account the prospects for its application. The purpose of the article is to develop an approach to assess the human, scientific, technological and innovative potentials in the context of priorities in the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation and its validation using the example of three priorities. Materials and Methods. The materials of this study draw on Rosstat and FSMNO ; Rospatent; Web of Science and Scopus. The object of research is to assess human, scientific, technological and innovative potential in the context of priorities in scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. In the course of the research, a multiplicative model of the impact of the availability of human, scientific, technological and innovative capacity on labour intensity was developed. In the process of research, the following research and analysis methods were used: comparison, induction and deduction method, generalisation method, chain substitution method, logical structure study, system analysis, and special methods of statistical, comparative analysis. In the methodological plan, we used the system and process appro aches in the basis of the study. Results. The study revealed that the labour intensity in 2016 for all three priorities of the scientific and technological revolution of the Russian Federation has increased. Therefore, according to the priorities of the scientific and technological revolution of the Russian Federation, the availability of scientific, technological and innovative potential is not sufficient, which leads to a decrease in the reverse indicator of labour intensity - labour productivity in the markets within the framework of these priorities. Concerning the impact on labour intensity in all three priorities, one observes: the growth of “collaborations” in fundamental research, the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, “collaborations” of applied research; reduction in citations from scientific articles, low patent activity of engineering and technical workers, technological demand for patents. Therefore, against the background of emerging collaborative activity of actors in the process of research and development and the growth of the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, there is a low level of orientation of scientific and scientific-technical results to c ommercialisation. Discussion and Conclusions. On the basis of the multiplicative model developed by the authors for assessing the impact of the provision of human, scientific, technological and innovative capacities on labor intensity, it was tested on the example of the three priorities of the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation (a, b, c). It was revealed that the labour intensity in 2016, according to the priorities of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Russian Federation, increased, and the availability of scientific, technological and innovative potential is not sufficient, which leads to a decrease in the inverse measure of labour intensity - labour productivity in high-tech markets within the framework of these priorities. Concerning the impact on labour intensity for all three priorities, it was revealed: the growth of “collaborations” of fundamental research, the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, “collaborations” of applied research; reduction in citations from scientific articles, low patent activity of engineering and technical workers, technological demand for patents. It was also revealed that against the background of the emerging collaborative activity of actors in the process of research and development and the growth of the applied effectiveness of scientific activity, there is a low level of orientation of scientific and scientific-technical results to commercialisation.

The presented paper is dedicated to the topical issue of utilization of screenings waste crushed concrete, which is produced as a result of crushing of waste materials, formed during dismantling buildings and facilities, and a production of fine aggregate concrete on its basis. The paper presented analysis of economic situation in the region and results of the study of screened waste materials in order to increase efficiency of an application of that product as fine aggregate and fine-ground active filler for a production of fine aggregate concretes. Particle size distribution, mineral and chemical composition of waste crushed concrete were studied, as well as features of their structure, taking into account heterogeneity of crushed material. Transitional zone of secondary aggregate and cement matrix was studied and it was proved, that the strength of adhesion with cement matrix of grains of that kind of secondary material, produced from screenings of waste crushed concrete, is significantly higher, than strength of the grain itself, which is indicative of an active influence of that aggregate on a formation of both characteristics of structure of cement matrix and dense transitional zone between them. Optimal composition of multicomponent binders, comprising fine-ground filler, produced from screenings of waste crushed concrete, is designed. Compositions and properties of cement matrix based on the designed binders are studied. Compositions of concretes, based on multicomponent binders with anthropogenic filler, are obtained and their strength and strain properties are studied.

Introduction. Every year, at the facilities of the oil refining and petrochemical industries of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan, emergency situations occur with the emissions of dangerous substances, fires and explosions leading to human casualties, major material damage to the economy and ecology of regions and states. To reduce the number of accidents at the facilities under consideration, first of all, it is necessary to determine the primary source - the cause of which the emergency occurred. Goals and objectives. The main aim is analysis of annual quantitative changes in the number of accidents and their consequences, identification of the main cause-and-effect relationships of accidents. Methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, which were based on the provisions of the theory of systems, information theory. The results of the study. An assessment of the frequency of occurrence of fire-hazardous events, their cause-and-effect relationships was carried out by means of an analytical review of accidents that have already occurred at the facilities of the oil refining and petrochemical industry of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015-2019. Conclusions. The analytical review of the statistics of emergency events at the facilities of the oil refining and petrochemical industry in Russia and Kazakhstan for 2015-2019 showed no tendency to reduce both the number of accidents and their consequences. The predominant types of accidents occurred were fires and explosions, the main fatally damaging factor for people was thermal burns. Main causes of accidents and their antecedent factors of development were determined. The results of the study provide a clear picture of the problems that exist at the facilities of the oil refining and petrochemical industry of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. It was shown that open technological installations of NNP facilities are the most dangerous and allow us to imagine, simulate and consider scenarios for the development of an emergency situation at this type of installations. Keywords: accident, analysis, fire, explosion, damage, depressurization, risk, statistics