Cite this article as: Scialpi M, Russo P, Piane E, Gallo E, Scalera GB. First case of retroperitoneal hematoma in COVID-19. Turk J Urol 2020; 46(5): 407-9.

In this paper, we carry out a study developed on 13,677 images from 15 patients affected by moderate/severe atheromatous disease of the abdominal aortic tract. A procedure to extract the pervious lumen of the aorta artery from basal CT images is exploited and tested on a large scale. In particular, the above method takes advantage of the reconstruction and enhancing properties of the sampling Kantorovich algorithm which allows the information content of images to be increased. The processed image is compared, slice by slice, by superposition, with the corresponding contrast medium reference image. Numerical indices of errors were computed and analyzed in order to test the validity of the proposed method. The results achieved confirm, both from the numerical and clinical point of view, the good performance and accuracy of the proposed method, opening the possibility to perform an assisted diagnosis avoiding the injection of the contrast medium.

Objective: This study aimed at improving the discrimination of Prostate Imaging – Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) score 3 suspicious prostate cancer lesions using lesion volume evaluation. Material and methods: Two hundred five PI-RADS v2.1 score 3 lesions were submitted to transperineal MRI/TRUS fusion-targeted biopsy. The lesion volumes were estimated on diffusion-weighted imaging sequence and distributed in PI-RADS 3a (LV < 0.5 mL) and PI-RADS 3b (LV ≥ 0.5 mL) subcategories, using a 0.5 mL cutoff value. Data were retrospectively matched with histopathological findings from the biopsy. Assuming that lesions with LV < or ≥ 0.5 mL were respectively not eligible (benign and indolent PCa lesions) or eligible for biopsy (significant PCa lesions), the diagnostic accuracy of lesion volume in determining clinically significant PCa at biopsy was evaluated using a bi- or multivariate model. Results: About 55.1% and 44.9% of lesions were distributed in subcategories 3a and 3b, respectively. The overall PI-RADS score 3 detection rate was 273%. 3.5% (1.95% of total), and 25% (11.7% of total) significant PCa were found in PI-RADS 3a and 3b subcategory, respectively. The method showed 85.2% sensitivity, 61.2% specificity, 25% positive predictive value, and 96.5% negative predictive value and avoided 55.1% of unnecessary biopsies. The diagnostic accuracy in determining significant PCa at biopsy was 73.2% or 86.5% depending on whether lesion volume was used alone or in combination with prostate volume and patient age in a multivariate model. Conclusion: 0.5 mL lesion volume cutoff value significantly discriminates fusion-targeted biopsy need in PI-RADS v2.1 score 3 lesions and its diagnostic accuracy improves when it combines with prostate volume and age in a multivariate model. Cite this article as: Martorana E, Aisa MC, Grisanti R, et al. Lesion volume in a bi- or multivariate prediction model for the management of PI-RADS v2.1 score 3 category lesions. Turk J Urol. 2022;48(4):268-277.

Purpose The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the current state-of-art of pre-TAVI imaging in a large radiological professional community. Methods Between December 2022 and January 2023 all members of the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM) were invited by the CT PRotocol Optimization group (CT-PRO group) to complete an online 24-item questionnaire about pre-TAVI imaging. Results 557 SIRM members participated in the survey. The greatest part of respondents were consultant radiologists employed in public hospitals and 84% claimed to routinely perform pre-TAVI imaging at their institutions. The most widespread acquisition protocol consisted of an ECG-gated CT angiography (CTA) scan of the aortic root and heart followed by a non-ECG-synchronized CTA of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. Contrast agent administration was generally tailored on the patient’s body weight with a preference for using high concentration contrast media. The reports were commonly written by radiologists with expertise in cardiovascular imaging, and included all the measurements suggested by current guidelines for adequate pre-procedural planning. About 60% of the subjects affirmed that the Heart Team is present at their institutions, however only 7% of the respondents regularly attended the multidisciplinary meetings. Conclusions This survey defines the current pre-TAVI imaging practice in a large radiological professional community. Interestingly, despite the majority of radiologists follow the current guidelines regarding acquisition and reporting of pre-TAVI imaging studies, there is still a noteworthy absence from multidisciplinary meetings and from the Heart Team.

We investigated a novel dedicated Prostate Imaging for Local Recurrence Reporting and Data System (PI-RRADS) in biochemical recurrence after radiotherapy (RT) and rad- ical prostatectomy (RP) evaluating biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) exams, at 3T MRI of 55 patients. Associating bpMRI and biochemical recurrence data, we calculated bpMRI diagnostic accuracy. Four probability categories, from 1 (very low) to 4 (very high), were distinguished. In 20 patients with radiotherapy, 25% and 75% of lesions were reported as PI-RRADS 3, and 4, respectively. In 35 patients with radi- cal prostatectomy, 7.7% of lesions were included in PI-RRADS 1-2, whereas 40.4% and 51.9% in PI-RRADS 3 and 4 categories, respectively. Excellent agreement and significant correlation between bpMRI and biochemical recurrence were found. BpMRI showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false-posi- tive value, false-negative value, and total diagnostic accuracy of 96.15%, 86.7%, 97.4 %, 81.25%, 13.3%, 3.8% and 94.6%, respectively. BpMRI-based PI-RRADS allows the detection and localization local recurrence in biochemical recurrence after RT and RP contributing in clinical management and treatment. Cite this article as: Scialpi M, Martorana E, Trippa F, et al. Prostate imaging for local recurrence reporting and data system for biparametric magnetic resonance imaging: A proposal. Urol Res Pract. 2023;49(4):233-240.