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Prof. Conrad Boton
Department of Construction Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, H3C 1K3, Montreal, Canada

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Project Management
0 Systematic Approach
0 Virtual Reality
0 BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING
0 Computer-supported collaborative work

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BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING
Project Management
Virtual Reality
Systematic Approach
Information technology in construction
BIM-based automated code checking

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Journal article
Published: 25 March 2021 in Automation in Construction
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Advancements in technology have contributed significantly to building information modeling (BIM)-based construction project management. However, the BIM approach was developed mainly around building construction projects and few efforts have been devoted to projects related to infrastructures such as bridges. For such projects, there are often significant geometric and semantic variations between structures, making it difficult to use existing BIM data schemas. Recent works indicate that parametric modeling could represent a solution providing greater design efficiency and interoperability, but the literature on the subject remains extremely sparse. The objective of the present study is to develop a parametric file that is able to generate all types of bridges from a single parametric file. The file developed uses a parametric algorithm for modeling bridge elements in a design software application and for generation and analysis of the model in a structural analysis software application.

ACS Style

Alexis Girardet; Conrad Boton. A parametric BIM approach to foster bridge project design and analysis. Automation in Construction 2021, 126, 103679 .

AMA Style

Alexis Girardet, Conrad Boton. A parametric BIM approach to foster bridge project design and analysis. Automation in Construction. 2021; 126 ():103679.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexis Girardet; Conrad Boton. 2021. "A parametric BIM approach to foster bridge project design and analysis." Automation in Construction 126, no. : 103679.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2020 in Sustainability
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This article reports on a Building information modeling (BIM) distance learning experience in a pandemic context. Based on a description of the experience and a survey completed by the learners at the end of the course, the article presents and discusses various aspects of the training, including the overall satisfaction of the learners, their evaluation of the technical aspects and the practical work, as well as the proposals made to improve the course. The analysis shows that some elements of the teaching functioned well, while others were rated as being less satisfactory by the students. More specifically, the learners highlighted the need to find ways and means to improve the level of interaction, which is reduced by online education. The use of video clips as a support for practical work was recognized as being effective, but it seems useful also to resort to the use of collaborative platforms dedicated to the construction industry. A critical aspect is the remote access to computer labs with computers where the taught software is installed, as not all of the learners will always have the option of having it on their personal computers. Although the results of the experiment are difficult to generalize due to its particular context, they identify interesting avenues for improvement while paving the way to unique opportunities for the use of active pedagogy principles in BIM education.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton. Remote Teaching of Building Information Modeling During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8665 .

AMA Style

Conrad Boton. Remote Teaching of Building Information Modeling During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8665.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton. 2020. "Remote Teaching of Building Information Modeling During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8665.

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2020 in Buildings
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Fire safety regulations impose very strict requirements on building design, especially for buildings built with combustible materials. It is believed that it is possible to improve the management of these regulations with a better integration of fire protection aspects in the building information modeling (BIM) approach. A new BIM-based domain is emerging, the automated code checking, with its growing number of dedicated approaches. However, only very few of these works have been dedicated to managing the compliance to fire safety regulations in timber buildings. In this paper, the applicability to fire safety in the Canadian context is studied by constituting and executing a complete method from the regulations text through code-checking construction to result analysis. A design science approach is used to propose a code-checking method with a detailed analysis of the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) in order to obtain the required information. The method starts by retrieving information from the regulation text, leading to a compliance check of an architectural building model. Then, the method is tested on a set of fire safety regulations and validated on a building model from a real project. The selected fire safety rules set a solid basis for further development of checking rules for the field of fire safety. This study shows that the main challenges for rule checking are the modeling standards and the elements’ required levels of detail. The implementation of the method was successful for geometrical as well as non-geometrical requirements, although further work is needed for more advanced geometrical studies, such as sprinkler or fire dampers positioning.

ACS Style

Kristina Kincelova; Conrad Boton; Pierre Blanchet; Christian Dagenais. Fire Safety in Tall Timber Building: A BIM-Based Automated Code-Checking Approach. Buildings 2020, 10, 121 .

AMA Style

Kristina Kincelova, Conrad Boton, Pierre Blanchet, Christian Dagenais. Fire Safety in Tall Timber Building: A BIM-Based Automated Code-Checking Approach. Buildings. 2020; 10 (7):121.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kristina Kincelova; Conrad Boton; Pierre Blanchet; Christian Dagenais. 2020. "Fire Safety in Tall Timber Building: A BIM-Based Automated Code-Checking Approach." Buildings 10, no. 7: 121.

Review
Published: 07 July 2020 in Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering
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The last decades have seen considerable effort invested in a digital transition in the construction industry. While the building information modeling (BIM) approach plays an important role in such a transition, more and more technological approaches are emerging and grouped together under the concept of Construction 4.0. However, the contours of Construction 4.0 as a scientific domain are far from being clearly defined. A few literature reviews have been published in an attempt to clarify its meaning and define its enabling technologies, but do not provide a complete view of the research efforts. To fully understand the research effort, it is necessary to study the different communities and clusters, their weights and their interrelationships. This paper proposes a mapping of the Construction 4.0 research themes and clusters over 10 years of scientific publications, using a systematic literature review approach. 2444 papers published in peer-reviewed journals between 2010 and 2019 were identified and the associated keywords were analyzed in order to highlight their co-occurrences. The research shows how BIM plays a central role in the digital transformation, hiding a forest of emerging technologies represented by the main clusters identified. Of the 10 main enabling technologies in 2018, only three were already mentioned in 2010. Some of these technologies (Internet of Things, additive manufacturing, 3D printing and Big Data) seem to be in the position to occupy an increasingly important place in the coming years. It seems more difficult for other technologies (e.g., cyber physical systems) to find an important place, due to a lack of awareness in the industry. Others seem less and less addressed, for contrary reasons.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Louis Rivest; Oussama Ghnaya; Moataz Chouchen. What is at the Root of Construction 4.0: A Systematic Review of the Recent Research Effort. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 2020, 28, 2331 -2350.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Louis Rivest, Oussama Ghnaya, Moataz Chouchen. What is at the Root of Construction 4.0: A Systematic Review of the Recent Research Effort. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. 2020; 28 (4):2331-2350.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Louis Rivest; Oussama Ghnaya; Moataz Chouchen. 2020. "What is at the Root of Construction 4.0: A Systematic Review of the Recent Research Effort." Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 28, no. 4: 2331-2350.

Research article
Published: 28 February 2020 in Frontiers of Engineering Management
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The construction industry is facing a gradual but important transformation toward more productivity and collaboration. In this framework, two major approaches are often cited in the literature as having the potential to improve the practices in the industry: Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Lean Construction. Several scientific studies have demonstrated the synergy of these two approaches and very recent research has reported positive results from the use of software applications as support for their implementation on construction sites. However, the stakes of such integration have been very little studied. This article presents the results of a research project conducted within a general contractor firm that decided to implement BIM and Last Planner System (LPS) on its construction sites. The research uses a four-stage action research approach, including the characterization of the research issue, the establishment of an action plan, its implementation and its evaluation. Compared to recent related studies, the research is less enthusiastic. While it highlights the need for new tools to improve production planning and control, it also points to a strong resistance to change by practitioners at the site. They emphasize the necessity for adequate pre-service training and the need for new resources that can work full-time on the ongoing training of site teams. In addition, some limitations of the tool lead workers to believe that it can quickly become a factor that slows down their daily work rather than improving it. Based on the advice of professionals, the paper formulates some recommendations to the industry, the researchers and the software developers.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Yaya Pitti; Daniel Forgues; Ivanka Iordanova. Investigating the challenges related to combining BIM and Last Planner System on construction sites. Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Yaya Pitti, Daniel Forgues, Ivanka Iordanova. Investigating the challenges related to combining BIM and Last Planner System on construction sites. Frontiers of Engineering Management. 2020; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Yaya Pitti; Daniel Forgues; Ivanka Iordanova. 2020. "Investigating the challenges related to combining BIM and Last Planner System on construction sites." Frontiers of Engineering Management , no. : 1-11.

Research article
Published: 03 January 2020 in Frontiers of Engineering Management
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Despite the increasing dissemination of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach, many firms are still far from BIM and are only starting to adopt information technologies. We conducted an ethnographic action research with an industrial partner that implements information technologies on its construction sites, with a strong preference for home-made applications. Results show that the development of such applications faces difficulties and that multiple iterations and versions are necessary before achieving the expected goals because the required competencies are lacking among internal development teams. Moreover, initial needs evolve considerably throughout the application’s development and evaluation process. However, notwithstanding the difficulties encountered during the different application development phases, the industrial partner believes the decision to be worthwhile because of the desire to have internal control over the project data and the need to consider certain specificities related to business processes.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Éric St-Pierre; Gabriel Lefebvre. Should medium-sized contractors still implement home-made information technologies on construction sites? Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, 7, 142 -158.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Éric St-Pierre, Gabriel Lefebvre. Should medium-sized contractors still implement home-made information technologies on construction sites? Frontiers of Engineering Management. 2020; 7 (1):142-158.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Éric St-Pierre; Gabriel Lefebvre. 2020. "Should medium-sized contractors still implement home-made information technologies on construction sites?" Frontiers of Engineering Management 7, no. 1: 142-158.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2019 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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This article is part of the first steps of a more global work in progress. It aims at automating the integration of 4D simulations in virtual reality environments, to easily generate 4D simulation alternatives in such environments. The final goal is to support collaborative constructability analysis sessions based on intuitive simulations of the construction process using BIM models. The results show that while it is possible to create 4D models in a game engine directly from a BIM model and an existing schedule, several improvements still need to be made in order to achieve the desired situation. Similar to most workflows presented in the literature, the one used in this work is not free of limitations. The evaluation of the application shows that most of the problems encountered come from the imperfect transfer of the model from the BIM software to the game engine.

ACS Style

Simon Bourlon; Conrad Boton. Automating the Integration of 4D Models in Game Engines for a Virtual Reality-Based Construction Simulation. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2019, 123 -132.

AMA Style

Simon Bourlon, Conrad Boton. Automating the Integration of 4D Models in Game Engines for a Virtual Reality-Based Construction Simulation. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2019; ():123-132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simon Bourlon; Conrad Boton. 2019. "Automating the Integration of 4D Models in Game Engines for a Virtual Reality-Based Construction Simulation." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 123-132.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2019 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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The increasing dissemination of the Building Information Modelling (BIM) approach must not overshadow the fact that many firms are still far from BIM, and are in fact just starting out on the road to adopting information technologies. This paper presents an ethnographic action research study conducted with an industrial partner that decided to implement information technologies on its construction sites, with a strong preference for home-made applications. The results suggest that firms lack the internal expertise to effectively conduct such development work. Thus, the passage of needs expressed by the firm towards the development of the application is particularly difficult and the pivotal role of the researcher was crucial in the success of the project. Multiple iterations and versions were necessary before achieving the expected goals.

ACS Style

Éric St-Pierre; Conrad Boton; Gabriel Lefebvre. Implementing Mobile Technology on Construction Sites: An Ethnographic Action Research Approach. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2019, 142 -150.

AMA Style

Éric St-Pierre, Conrad Boton, Gabriel Lefebvre. Implementing Mobile Technology on Construction Sites: An Ethnographic Action Research Approach. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2019; ():142-150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Éric St-Pierre; Conrad Boton; Gabriel Lefebvre. 2019. "Implementing Mobile Technology on Construction Sites: An Ethnographic Action Research Approach." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 142-150.

Conference paper
Published: 22 June 2019 in Inventive Computation and Information Technologies
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This paper presents the results of a preliminary survey in Benin, a West African country. The aim of the study is to estimate the use and the impact of IT in the Benin construction industry. To ensure that the results can be compared to other related surveys, this study used the “IT Barometer” questionnaire. The results show that while office and design software are widely used, Internet-based solutions for the construction industry seem less well known. In addition, very few firms have an IT strategy and the proportion of management activities with IT support remains low. The respondents seem very optimistic regarding the role of IT in their organizations but most of them think that the constant need to update and the cost of investment in IT are the main barriers to their implementation.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton. Use and Impact of Information Technology in the African Construction Industry: A Preliminary Survey from Benin. Inventive Computation and Information Technologies 2019, 411 -418.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton. Use and Impact of Information Technology in the African Construction Industry: A Preliminary Survey from Benin. Inventive Computation and Information Technologies. 2019; ():411-418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton. 2019. "Use and Impact of Information Technology in the African Construction Industry: A Preliminary Survey from Benin." Inventive Computation and Information Technologies , no. : 411-418.

Review
Published: 26 April 2019 in Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering
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Cost management represents an important part of management in construction projects. Developments in the fifth dimension (5D) of building information modelling (BIM) has fostered new and potential improvements in terms of efficiency, quality and precision during cost management processes. The research aims to develop an innovative framework of 5D BIM solutions for construction cost management. A systematic review approach was adopted for the evaluation of the 5D BIM solutions. Interviews were conducted with three industry experts to validate and comment on the research findings. Eighteen software or web solutions were found and analysed against five main areas of the cost management practices. The research contributes to creating new awareness and knowledge from the available 5D BIM solutions towards the current cost management requirements as well as the future need in the digitalised working environment.

ACS Style

Marc-Antoine Vigneault; Conrad Boton; Heap-Yih Chong; Barry Cooper-Cooke. An Innovative Framework of 5D BIM Solutions for Construction Cost Management: A Systematic Review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 2019, 27, 1013 -1030.

AMA Style

Marc-Antoine Vigneault, Conrad Boton, Heap-Yih Chong, Barry Cooper-Cooke. An Innovative Framework of 5D BIM Solutions for Construction Cost Management: A Systematic Review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. 2019; 27 (4):1013-1030.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marc-Antoine Vigneault; Conrad Boton; Heap-Yih Chong; Barry Cooper-Cooke. 2019. "An Innovative Framework of 5D BIM Solutions for Construction Cost Management: A Systematic Review." Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 27, no. 4: 1013-1030.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering
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Universities are facing many challenges to their efforts to introduce building information modeling (BIM) in engineering education. Many research efforts have been dedicated to the subject and addressed some specific aspects of the issue. Thus, there is no comprehensive framework to provide decision-makers with practical and neutral guidelines. The framework proposed in this paper identifies the main challenges to address. A case study from a Canadian engineering school is used to evaluate and to validate the proposed framework, and to illustrate the challenges. The strategy of integrating BIM in engineering education should be based on the specific skills the students are expected to acquire. It is then possible to define the appropriate teaching approaches. An effective implementation strategy should be gradual to progressively raise community awareness, learn from mistakes, and identify best practices. A particular emphasis should be placed on the needs of the local industry.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues; Gilles Halin. A framework for building information modeling implementation in engineering education. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 2018, 45, 866 -877.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Daniel Forgues, Gilles Halin. A framework for building information modeling implementation in engineering education. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 2018; 45 (10):866-877.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues; Gilles Halin. 2018. "A framework for building information modeling implementation in engineering education." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 10: 866-877.

Conference paper
Published: 12 September 2018 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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This paper explores how to effectively integrate building specifications into a BIM process. This research found that all the software that claims to include specifications in a BIM process are actually specification drafting software and are not very useful for contractors and subcontractor who needs to use specifications in mobile contexts such as production or construction sites. A new approach to integrating specifications into a BIM-based collaboration process has been proposed. A collaborative process has been formalized, with three levels of integration. One of these levels is prototyped and shows how it is possible to give access to construction specification from mobile devices on a construction site. Both the process and the prototype are evaluated with practitioners.

ACS Style

Juliette Bédard; Conrad Boton. Integrating Construction Specifications and Building Information Modeling. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2018, 86 -93.

AMA Style

Juliette Bédard, Conrad Boton. Integrating Construction Specifications and Building Information Modeling. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2018; ():86-93.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juliette Bédard; Conrad Boton. 2018. "Integrating Construction Specifications and Building Information Modeling." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 86-93.

Journal article
Published: 07 September 2018 in Automation in Construction
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Immersive Virtual Reality-based collaborative BIM 4D simulation can offer a unique, supportive environment for conducting constructability analysis meetings in the construction industry. While many research works have addressed various aspects of VR-based 4D simulation, there is still no comprehensive and neutral framework to help both practitioners and experts to identify the main challenges to address. This paper proposes four main complementary steps with which to define the VR environment, to develop the 4D model, to prepare and transfer the model in the VR system and to conduct constructability analysis meeting. In the current state of the framework, the 4D-based constructability analysis is more about the collaborative use of 4D rather than the collaborative generation and interaction with the 4D model. Each step of the framework is supported by appropriate methods and tools. A collaborative personas-based case study helps to evaluate the framework and to show how it can be used. Compared to recent related works, the proposed framework is more structured and comprehensive, providing a structured approach using concepts from multiple scientific areas.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton. Supporting constructability analysis meetings with Immersive Virtual Reality-based collaborative BIM 4D simulation. Automation in Construction 2018, 96, 1 -15.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton. Supporting constructability analysis meetings with Immersive Virtual Reality-based collaborative BIM 4D simulation. Automation in Construction. 2018; 96 ():1-15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton. 2018. "Supporting constructability analysis meetings with Immersive Virtual Reality-based collaborative BIM 4D simulation." Automation in Construction 96, no. : 1-15.

Research article
Published: 06 August 2018 in Advances in Civil Engineering
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The results of an exploratory case study dedicated to a BIM project are presented and the perception that professionals have of their practices and the BIM collaboration processes is discussed in this study. It suggests that the roles of BIM specialists are not the same from one discipline to another and that they are not just technical roles. In addition, the information subprocess seems to crystallize around BIM managers, which tends to create two sources of leadership in a project: BIM managers and project managers. Finally, the study shows a gap between the planned processes and those actually used in the project. The use of a big room, to bring together the owner and the other disciplines, seems to be particularly useful. It serves as an integrator, and information is better shared.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues. Practices and Processes in BIM Projects: An Exploratory Case Study. Advances in Civil Engineering 2018, 2018, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Daniel Forgues. Practices and Processes in BIM Projects: An Exploratory Case Study. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2018; 2018 ():1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues. 2018. "Practices and Processes in BIM Projects: An Exploratory Case Study." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018, no. : 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management
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The use of building information modelling (BIM) in construction compares to the use of product lifecycle management (PLM) in manufacturing. Previous research has shown that it is possible to improve BIM with the features and the best practices from the PLM approach. This article provides a comparison from the standpoint of the bill of materials (BOM) and product structures. It compares the product beginning of life in both construction and shipbuilding industries. The research then tries to understand the use, form and evolution of product structures and BOM concepts in shipbuilding with the aim of identifying equivalent notions in construction. Research findings demonstrate that similar concepts for structuring information exist in construction; however, the relationship between them is unclear. Further research is therefore required to detail the links identified by the authors and develop an equivalent central structuring backbone as found in PLM platforms.

ACS Style

Julie R. Jupp; Louis Rivest; Daniel Forgues; Conrad Boton. Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint. International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management 2018, 11, 191 .

AMA Style

Julie R. Jupp, Louis Rivest, Daniel Forgues, Conrad Boton. Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint. International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management. 2018; 11 (3):191.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julie R. Jupp; Louis Rivest; Daniel Forgues; Conrad Boton. 2018. "Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint." International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management 11, no. 3: 191.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management
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The use of building information modelling (BIM) in construction compares to the use of product lifecycle management (PLM) in manufacturing. Previous research has shown that it is possible to improve BIM with the features and the best practices from the PLM approach. This article provides a comparison from the standpoint of the bill of materials (BOM) and product structures. It compares the product beginning of life in both construction and shipbuilding industries. The research then tries to understand the use, form and evolution of product structures and BOM concepts in shipbuilding with the aim of identifying equivalent notions in construction. Research findings demonstrate that similar concepts for structuring information exist in construction; however, the relationship between them is unclear. Further research is therefore required to detail the links identified by the authors and develop an equivalent central structuring backbone as found in PLM platforms.

ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Louis Rivest; Daniel Forgues; Julie R. Jupp. Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint. International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management 2018, 11, 191 .

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Louis Rivest, Daniel Forgues, Julie R. Jupp. Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint. International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management. 2018; 11 (3):191.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Louis Rivest; Daniel Forgues; Julie R. Jupp. 2018. "Comparison of shipbuilding and construction industries from the product structure standpoint." International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management 11, no. 3: 191.

Conference paper
Published: 26 August 2017 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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The success of a digitally developed architecture project requires a new vision of collaboration and design practices and the adaptation of the current ones. The recent innovative tools and media extend the design capabilities, and foster the proposal of complex architectural solutions. This paper aims to evaluate the existing interactive synchronous collaboration technologies and solutions. The evaluation must reveal their potential advantages and future uses for professionals and education in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry are assessed. Furthermore, suggestions are made on how to improve the current synchronous collaboration practices in decision-making sessions. Such suggestions consider the complexity of 3D-based project and the multidisciplinary of a project team. The paper introduces a summary of the current digital AEC practices and identifies digital synchronous collaboration requirements for an efficient decision-making session through observation and evaluation of several collaborative session experiments.

ACS Style

Veronika Bolshakova; Gilles Halin; Pascal Humbert; Conrad Boton. Digital Synchronous Collaboration Workspace and 3D Interactions for an AEC Project. Decision-Making Scenario Evaluation. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2017, 10451, 168 -176.

AMA Style

Veronika Bolshakova, Gilles Halin, Pascal Humbert, Conrad Boton. Digital Synchronous Collaboration Workspace and 3D Interactions for an AEC Project. Decision-Making Scenario Evaluation. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2017; 10451 ():168-176.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Veronika Bolshakova; Gilles Halin; Pascal Humbert; Conrad Boton. 2017. "Digital Synchronous Collaboration Workspace and 3D Interactions for an AEC Project. Decision-Making Scenario Evaluation." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 10451, no. : 168-176.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues. The Need for a New Systemic Approach to Study Collaboration in the Construction Industry. Procedia Engineering 2017, 196, 1043 -1050.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Daniel Forgues. The Need for a New Systemic Approach to Study Collaboration in the Construction Industry. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 196 ():1043-1050.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues. 2017. "The Need for a New Systemic Approach to Study Collaboration in the Construction Industry." Procedia Engineering 196, no. : 1043-1050.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in International Journal of Technologies in Higher Education
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ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues; Gilles Halin. Les enjeux liés à l’intégration de l’approche BIM de modélisation des données du bâtiment à l’enseignement universitaire : cas d’une école d’ingénierie. International Journal of Technologies in Higher Education 2017, 14, 5 .

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Daniel Forgues, Gilles Halin. Les enjeux liés à l’intégration de l’approche BIM de modélisation des données du bâtiment à l’enseignement universitaire : cas d’une école d’ingénierie. International Journal of Technologies in Higher Education. 2017; 14 (2):5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Daniel Forgues; Gilles Halin. 2017. "Les enjeux liés à l’intégration de l’approche BIM de modélisation des données du bâtiment à l’enseignement universitaire : cas d’une école d’ingénierie." International Journal of Technologies in Higher Education 14, no. 2: 5.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2016 in Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World
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ACS Style

Conrad Boton; Louis Rivest; Daniel Forgues; Julie Jupp. Comparing PLM and BIM from the Product Structure Standpoint. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World 2016, 443 -453.

AMA Style

Conrad Boton, Louis Rivest, Daniel Forgues, Julie Jupp. Comparing PLM and BIM from the Product Structure Standpoint. Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World. 2016; ():443-453.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Conrad Boton; Louis Rivest; Daniel Forgues; Julie Jupp. 2016. "Comparing PLM and BIM from the Product Structure Standpoint." Collaboration in a Hyperconnected World , no. : 443-453.