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University of Agriculture in Krakow
The Mediterranean Basin, located in a transition zone between the temperate and rainy climate of central Europe and the arid climate of North Africa, is considered a major hotspot of climate change, subject to water scarcity and drought. In this work, dry and wet spells have been analyzed in the Wadi Cheliff basin (Algeria) by means of annual precipitation observed at 150 rain gauges in the period 1970–2018. In particular, the characteristics of dry and wet spells (frequency, duration, severity, and intensity) have been evaluated by means of the run theory applied to the 12-month standardized precipitation index (SPI) values. Moreover, in order to detect possible tendencies in the SPI values, a trend analysis has been performed by means of two non-parametric tests, the Theil–Sen and Mann–Kendall test. The results indicated similar values of frequency, severity, duration, and intensity between the dry and the wet spells, although wet events showed higher values in the extreme. Moreover, the results of the trend analysis evidenced a different behavior between the northern side of the basin, characterized by a negative trend in the 12-month SPI values, and the southern side, in which positive trends were detected.
Mohammed Achite; Nir Krakauer; Andrzej Wałęga; Tommaso Caloiero. Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Dry and Wet Spells in the Wadi Cheliff Basin, Algeria. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 798 .
AMA StyleMohammed Achite, Nir Krakauer, Andrzej Wałęga, Tommaso Caloiero. Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Dry and Wet Spells in the Wadi Cheliff Basin, Algeria. Atmosphere. 2021; 12 (6):798.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Achite; Nir Krakauer; Andrzej Wałęga; Tommaso Caloiero. 2021. "Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Dry and Wet Spells in the Wadi Cheliff Basin, Algeria." Atmosphere 12, no. 6: 798.
In the context of climate variability and hydrological extremes, especially in arid and semi-arid zones, the issue of natural risks and more particularly the risks related to rainfall is a topical subject in Algeria and worldwide. In this direction, the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation in the Wadi Cheliff basin (Algeria) has been evaluated by means of annual time series of precipitation observed on 150 rain gauges in the period 1970–2018. First, in order to identify the natural year-to-year variability of precipitation, for each series, the coefficient of variation (CV) has been evaluated and spatially distributed. Then, the precipitation trend at annual scale has been analyzed using two nonparametric tests. Finally, the presence of possible change points in the data has been investigated. The results showed an inverse spatial pattern between CV and the annual rainfall, with a spatial gradient between the southern and the northern sides of the basin. Results of the trend analysis evidenced a marked negative trend of the annual rainfall (22% of the rain gauges for a significant level equal to 95%) involving mainly the northern and the western-central area of the basin. Finally, possible change points have been identified between 1980 and 1985.
Mohammed Achite; Tommaso Caloiero; Andrzej Wałęga; Nir Krakauer; Tarek Hartani. Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Annual Rainfall Variability in the Wadi Cheliff Basin (Algeria) over the Period 1970 to 2018. Water 2021, 13, 1477 .
AMA StyleMohammed Achite, Tommaso Caloiero, Andrzej Wałęga, Nir Krakauer, Tarek Hartani. Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Annual Rainfall Variability in the Wadi Cheliff Basin (Algeria) over the Period 1970 to 2018. Water. 2021; 13 (11):1477.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Achite; Tommaso Caloiero; Andrzej Wałęga; Nir Krakauer; Tarek Hartani. 2021. "Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Annual Rainfall Variability in the Wadi Cheliff Basin (Algeria) over the Period 1970 to 2018." Water 13, no. 11: 1477.
The purpose of this work was to determine the optimal percentage of wastewater from cesspool in the mixture of wastes subjected to treatment processes, which will not have a negative impact on the functioning of the collective treatment plant. The study was carried out over a period of two years, with 48 samples of wastewater flowing in from the sewage network and delivered with the slurry tanker collected and subjected to physical and chemical analysis. The analysis included: Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Nitrogen (TN). In addition, the study defined the daily balance of the amount of inflowing and transported wastewater. Based on the analysis carried out, it was found that the unit loads of BOD5, COD and TN in the mixture of wastewater subjected to the treatment process will be at the level of loads assumed in the project, when the share of supplied wastewater, i.e., from cesspool, will be at the level of 5% of the total amount of wastewater. Considering that in the analysed period the total average daily amount of wastewater subjected to the treatment process was 253.5 m3·d−1, the optimal amount of wastewater delivered should be 12.7 m3 in each day of the week.
Piotr Bugajski; Agnieszka Operacz; Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Karolina Kurek. Optimizing Treatment of Cesspool Wastewater at an Activated Sludge Plant. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10196 .
AMA StylePiotr Bugajski, Agnieszka Operacz, Dariusz Młyński, Andrzej Wałęga, Karolina Kurek. Optimizing Treatment of Cesspool Wastewater at an Activated Sludge Plant. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10196.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Bugajski; Agnieszka Operacz; Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Karolina Kurek. 2020. "Optimizing Treatment of Cesspool Wastewater at an Activated Sludge Plant." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10196.
The aim of this study was to identify the form of the dependence describing the relationship between rainfall (P) and the curve number (CN) parameter using the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS-CN) method in the mountain catchments of the Western Carpathians. The study was carried out in 28 catchments areas in the Western Carpathians in the Upper Vistula Basin, Poland. The study was conducted in the following stages: determination of the volume of the direct runoff using the NRCS-CN method, determination of the P–CN relationship using asymptotic functions, kinetic equation and complementary error function; determination of the volume of the direct runoff from the catchment area, accounting for the correction of the decline; determination of the value of the efficiency coefficient of the analysed models. On the basis of the conducted study, a strong relationship was found between the direct runoff and the rainfall that caused it. The study showed that the empirical values of the CN parameter differed from the values determined on the basis of the volume of rainfall and runoff. The vast majority of study catchments were characterised by a standard P–CN relationship. The kinetic model was found to be the best model to describe the P–CN relationship. The asymptotic model showed the greatest stability for high rainfall episodes. It was shown that the application of the catchment slope correction improved the quality of the NRCS-CN model.
Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga. Identification of the Relationship between Rainfall and the CN Parameter in Western Carpathian Mountain Catchments in Poland. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9317 .
AMA StyleDariusz Młyński, Andrzej Wałęga. Identification of the Relationship between Rainfall and the CN Parameter in Western Carpathian Mountain Catchments in Poland. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga. 2020. "Identification of the Relationship between Rainfall and the CN Parameter in Western Carpathian Mountain Catchments in Poland." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9317.
Environmental flow assessments (e-flows) are relatively new practices, especially in developing countries such as Nepal. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the influence of hydrologically based e-flow methods in the natural flow regime. The study used different hydrological-based methods, namely, the Global Environmental Flow Calculator, the Tennant method, the flow duration curve method, the dynamic method, the mean annual flow method, and the annual distribution method to allocate e-flows in the Kaligandaki River. The most common practice for setting e-flows consists of allocating a specific percentage of mean annual flow or portion of flow derived from specific percentiles of the flow duration curve. However, e-flow releases should mimic the river’s intra-annual variability to meet the specific ecological function at different river trophic levels and in different periods over a year covering biotas life stages. The suitability of the methods was analyzed using the Indicators of Hydrological Alterations and e-flows components. The annual distribution method and the 30%Q-D (30% of daily discharge) methods showed a low alteration at the five global indexes for each group of Indicators of Hydrological Alterations and e-flows components, which allowed us to conclude that these methods are superior to the other methods. Hence, the study results concluded that 30%Q-D and annual distribution methods are more suitable for the e-flows implementation to meet the riverine ecosystem’s annual dynamic demand to maintain the river’s health. This case study can be used as a guideline to allocate e-flows in the Kaligandaki River, particularly for small hydropower plants.
Naresh Suwal; Alban Kuriqi; Xianfeng Huang; João Delgado; Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Walega. Environmental Flows Assessment in Nepal: The Case of Kaligandaki River. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8766 .
AMA StyleNaresh Suwal, Alban Kuriqi, Xianfeng Huang, João Delgado, Dariusz Młyński, Andrzej Walega. Environmental Flows Assessment in Nepal: The Case of Kaligandaki River. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8766.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNaresh Suwal; Alban Kuriqi; Xianfeng Huang; João Delgado; Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Walega. 2020. "Environmental Flows Assessment in Nepal: The Case of Kaligandaki River." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8766.
The use of the Mike11 one-dimensional (1D) hydraulic model, together with official hydrology, represents a standard approach of the National Water Management Authority (NWMA) in Poland for flood mapping procedures. A different approach, based on the hydrological Event-Based Approach for Small and Ungauged Basins (EBA4SUB) model and the Flood-2 Dimensional (FLO-2D) hydraulic model has here been investigated as an alternative procedure. For the analysis, two mountainous rivers in Poland were selected: Kamienica Nawojowska is characterized by a narrow valley, while Skawinka has a broad valley. It was found that the flood zones can enormously differ locally, with larger zones generated by the Mike11/NWMA model in some cases and by the EBA4SUB/FLO-2D model in other situations. The benefits of using the two-dimensional (2D) model are consistent in areas without drainage and where the connection to the main channel is insufficient. The use of 1D modeling is preferred for the possibility of mapping the entire river network in a short computational time.
Andrea Petroselli; Jacek Florek; Dariusz Młyński; Leszek Książek; Andrzej Wałęga. New Insights on Flood Mapping Procedure: Two Case Studies in Poland. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8454 .
AMA StyleAndrea Petroselli, Jacek Florek, Dariusz Młyński, Leszek Książek, Andrzej Wałęga. New Insights on Flood Mapping Procedure: Two Case Studies in Poland. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Petroselli; Jacek Florek; Dariusz Młyński; Leszek Książek; Andrzej Wałęga. 2020. "New Insights on Flood Mapping Procedure: Two Case Studies in Poland." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8454.
In the present study, we examined the relationships between (1) N, P, total organic carbon (TOC), and total suspended sediment (TSS) each and stream flow and water table elevation, individually (2) N, P, and TOC, each and TSS, and (3) stream water C/N ratios and stream flow in managed pine forests with various switchgrass treatments implemented on four watersheds in coastal North Carolina plain. The treatments included a young pine forest–natural understorey (27.5 ha), a young pine forest with switchgrass intercropped between pine rows replacing natural understorey (IC) (26.3 ha), a mature thinned pine forest (25.9 ha), and pure switchgrass (27.1 ha). Precipitation, flow, water table elevation, N, phosphate, TOC, and TSS concentrations were measured from November 2009 to June 2014 (switchgrass growth from May 2012 after site preparation (SP) that ended in April 2012). Relationships (α = 0.05) among water quality and hydrologic variables were examined using a Spearman rank correlation coefficient and the principal component analysis (PCA). Nitrogen concentrations on IC were positively correlated with flow during SP. The export of nutrients and sediment from this drained pine plantation forest intercropped with switchgrass was affected by changes in hydrological and biochemical processes regulating the formation and transport of different water quality constituents during both site preparation and pine and switch growth periods. The PCA showed strong interaction between the hydrological and biochemical processes.
Augustine Muwamba; Devendra M. Amatya; Herbert Ssegane; George M. Chescheir; Timothy Appelboom; Jamie E. Nettles; Ernest W. Tollner; Mohamed A. Youssef; Andrzej Walega; Francois Birgand. Response of Nutrients and Sediment to Hydrologic Variables in Switchgrass Intercropped Pine Forest Ecosystems on Poorly Drained Soil. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2020, 231, 1 -21.
AMA StyleAugustine Muwamba, Devendra M. Amatya, Herbert Ssegane, George M. Chescheir, Timothy Appelboom, Jamie E. Nettles, Ernest W. Tollner, Mohamed A. Youssef, Andrzej Walega, Francois Birgand. Response of Nutrients and Sediment to Hydrologic Variables in Switchgrass Intercropped Pine Forest Ecosystems on Poorly Drained Soil. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2020; 231 (9):1-21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAugustine Muwamba; Devendra M. Amatya; Herbert Ssegane; George M. Chescheir; Timothy Appelboom; Jamie E. Nettles; Ernest W. Tollner; Mohamed A. Youssef; Andrzej Walega; Francois Birgand. 2020. "Response of Nutrients and Sediment to Hydrologic Variables in Switchgrass Intercropped Pine Forest Ecosystems on Poorly Drained Soil." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 231, no. 9: 1-21.
Urban development causes multiple water losses. Some of them may be ignored but some could have a huge influence on the whole catchment, including soil drought. As urban sprawl rises, space for unaffected infiltration and retention is increasingly limited. The objective of this study was to backcast and to estimate water-retention loss due to urbanization during the period of 1990–2018. We used landcover data, meteorological and hydrological data and data on soil water-holding capacity. Water-retention loss was expressed as soil water retention capacity loss, net precipitation loss and total sum of precipitation loss. Historical change in urban extension has led to large impacts on the hydrological cycle of the study area. Progressive urban development caused water-retention losses which range from 3.380 to 14.182 millions of cubic meters—depending on the methodology used. Hydrological analysis showed the lack of a significant trend (decrease trend) of low flow which is caused by the high percentage of natural land use in the upper part of catchment. Our results show that backcasting of water retention change using CLC data (a) brings new and plausible data on retention loss, (b) is possible to replicate and (c) data used are common and easy-to-get.
Tomáš Lepeška; Jakub Wojkowski; Andrzej Wałęga; Dariusz Młyński; Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Branislav Olah. Urbanization—Its Hidden Impact on Water Losses: Prądnik River Basin, Lesser Poland. Water 2020, 12, 1958 .
AMA StyleTomáš Lepeška, Jakub Wojkowski, Andrzej Wałęga, Dariusz Młyński, Artur Radecki-Pawlik, Branislav Olah. Urbanization—Its Hidden Impact on Water Losses: Prądnik River Basin, Lesser Poland. Water. 2020; 12 (7):1958.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomáš Lepeška; Jakub Wojkowski; Andrzej Wałęga; Dariusz Młyński; Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Branislav Olah. 2020. "Urbanization—Its Hidden Impact on Water Losses: Prądnik River Basin, Lesser Poland." Water 12, no. 7: 1958.
The purpose of the work was to analyse the possibility of using the conceptual EBA4SUB rainfall-runoff model to determine the design peak flows, with a specified probability of exceeding, in the catchments of the upper Vistula river basin. The basis for the study were observed series of maximum annual flows and daily rainfall for the years 1981–2014. An innovative aspect of the study was the use of a two-stage modelling process. We determined the flow hydrographs with the EBA4SUB model for various rainfall events in the first stage and then we calculated the flow quantiles based on the modeled peak flows using selected density function of probability distributions. Based on the calculations, it was found that the EBA4SUB model represents an alternative to more consolidated methods for calculating flood flows in ungauged catchments. Indeed the model gives relatively similar values to the observed flows, with percentage differences usually limited, and in average for all the investigated case studies in the range 15–25%.
Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Bogdan Ozga-Zielinski; Maurycy Ciupak; Andrea Petroselli. New approach for determining the quantiles of maximum annual flows in ungauged catchments using the EBA4SUB model. Journal of Hydrology 2020, 589, 125198 .
AMA StyleDariusz Młyński, Andrzej Wałęga, Bogdan Ozga-Zielinski, Maurycy Ciupak, Andrea Petroselli. New approach for determining the quantiles of maximum annual flows in ungauged catchments using the EBA4SUB model. Journal of Hydrology. 2020; 589 ():125198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Bogdan Ozga-Zielinski; Maurycy Ciupak; Andrea Petroselli. 2020. "New approach for determining the quantiles of maximum annual flows in ungauged catchments using the EBA4SUB model." Journal of Hydrology 589, no. : 125198.
The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of using selected rainfall-runoff models to determine the design hydrograph and the related peak flow in a mountainous catchment. The basis for the study was the observed series of hydrometeorological data for the Grajcarek catchment area (Poland) for the years 1981–2014. The analysis was carried out in the following stages: verification of hydrometeorological data; determination of the design rainfall; and determination of runoff hydrographs with the following rainfall-runoff models: Snyder, NRCS-UH, and EBA4SUB. The conducted research allowed the conclusion that the EBA4SUB model may be an alternative to other models in determining the design hydrograph in ungauged mountainous catchments. This is evidenced by the lower values of relative errors in the estimation of peak flows with an assumed frequency for the EBA4SUB model, as compared to Snyder and NRCS-UH.
Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Leszek Książek; Jacek Florek; Andrea Petroselli. Possibility of Using Selected Rainfall-Runoff Models for Determining the Design Hydrograph in Mountainous Catchments: A Case Study in Poland. Water 2020, 12, 1450 .
AMA StyleDariusz Młyński, Andrzej Wałęga, Leszek Książek, Jacek Florek, Andrea Petroselli. Possibility of Using Selected Rainfall-Runoff Models for Determining the Design Hydrograph in Mountainous Catchments: A Case Study in Poland. Water. 2020; 12 (5):1450.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Leszek Książek; Jacek Florek; Andrea Petroselli. 2020. "Possibility of Using Selected Rainfall-Runoff Models for Determining the Design Hydrograph in Mountainous Catchments: A Case Study in Poland." Water 12, no. 5: 1450.
Designing hydraulic structures, such as culverts, bridges, weirs, and check dams, while planning new flood inundation areas, needs correct assessment of design discharges. In gauged catchments with long time series of discharges, statistical methods are commonly used based on fixed theoretical distributions and on empirical distributions. However, in ungauged catchments, this approach is not possible. In addition to more advanced methods, which are used today, e.g., rainfall–runoff models, much more simple approaches are still needed based on regionalization and empirical models. Thus, the objective of this work is to develop a new empirical model for calculating peak discharge expressed as the median of annual peak discharge (QMED). The innovative aspect of this paper is the use of a new parameter, named landscape hydric potential (LHP), as a descriptor of water storage in catchments. LHP has a crucial role as the descriptor of water storage in catchment and, thus, it has an influence on forming discharges. The work was done in the Upper Vistula basin in the Polish Carpathians. This study was carried out in mountain catchments located in the Upper Vistula basin, in the south part of Poland in in the Polish Carpathians. Results show that the proposed model could provide appropriate calculations in changing climate conditions, as well as when land use is changed. The proposed model is simple and effective; for calculating QMED, it needs only two parameters: catchment area and LHP. Since the model has a significant and high correlation coefficient, it could be used for assessing of QMED in ungauged mountain catchments. The determined form of the empirical equation finds application in the entire Upper Vistula basin, for catchments with a surface area from 24 km2 up to 660 km2.
Andrzej Wałęga; Dariusz Młyński; Jakub Wojkowski; Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Tomáš Lepeška. New Empirical Model Using Landscape Hydric Potential Method to Estimate Median Peak Discharges in Mountain Ungauged Catchments. Water 2020, 12, 983 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Wałęga, Dariusz Młyński, Jakub Wojkowski, Artur Radecki-Pawlik, Tomáš Lepeška. New Empirical Model Using Landscape Hydric Potential Method to Estimate Median Peak Discharges in Mountain Ungauged Catchments. Water. 2020; 12 (4):983.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Wałęga; Dariusz Młyński; Jakub Wojkowski; Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Tomáš Lepeška. 2020. "New Empirical Model Using Landscape Hydric Potential Method to Estimate Median Peak Discharges in Mountain Ungauged Catchments." Water 12, no. 4: 983.
The classification of river catchments according to their hydrological regime is crucial elements of regionalisation. In absence of hydrological data, the regionalisation of catchment method may be used to asses many flows characteristics like regime or design flow and thus provide help in the analysis of hydrological and ecological processes and also in the management of water resources. Correct clarification of catchments requires knowledge about the main factors that influence on river regime, like meteorologic conditions, land cover/land use, geology, soil properties terrain features, human activities. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between selected catchment attributes along with precipitation climatology and seasonality of mean flows (MQ) in the mountainous rivers in the Upper Vistula basin (the biggest and the most important river in Poland) and regionalisation catchments based on seasonality index. To achieve the objective of the study, we concentrated on the mountain stream and river catchments that are regionalised to the Upper Vistula basin (all of which are Vistula tributaries) and we employed the Colwell's seasonality index in an attempt to clear up the said ecohydrological measures. The study confirmed that in mountainous catchments, where response time to rainfall is shorter due to larger slopes, higher seasonality of mean monthly discharges, as expressed by the seasonality index M, is observed. In this case, variability of seasonal rainfall affected seasonality of MQ. In case of smaller slopes and large forest cover and catchment areas, seasonality of flows was lower. The innovative aspect of the presented study is the attempt to correlate the Colwell's seasonality index with the physiographic and meteorological characteristics of the catchment. Until now, the characteristics of the catchments have been used as factors differentiating the hydrological regime of the catchments, thus allowing for agglomeration of similar catchments. Our results foster better understanding of the natural processes in the river basin, which definitely would help in better management of the environment and its relationship with huge number of people living there and depend on it. These results show that the regression tree methods based on CART algorithm can be used as effective tool for classification of catchments.
Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Andrzej Wałęga; Dariusz Młyński; Wojciech Młocek; Rafał Kokoszka; Tamara Tokarczyk; Wiwiana Szalińska. Seasonality of mean flows as a potential tool for the assessment of ecological processes: Mountain rivers, Polish Carpathians. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 716, 136988 .
AMA StyleArtur Radecki-Pawlik, Andrzej Wałęga, Dariusz Młyński, Wojciech Młocek, Rafał Kokoszka, Tamara Tokarczyk, Wiwiana Szalińska. Seasonality of mean flows as a potential tool for the assessment of ecological processes: Mountain rivers, Polish Carpathians. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 716 ():136988.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArtur Radecki-Pawlik; Andrzej Wałęga; Dariusz Młyński; Wojciech Młocek; Rafał Kokoszka; Tamara Tokarczyk; Wiwiana Szalińska. 2020. "Seasonality of mean flows as a potential tool for the assessment of ecological processes: Mountain rivers, Polish Carpathians." Science of The Total Environment 716, no. : 136988.
HighlightsProposed new method to assess subsurface and surface runoff from drained forested watershed.Factor Fp in the graphical peak discharge method is less in forested wetland watershed than recommended by USDA.Modified graphical peak discharge method correctly approximated observed peak discharges. The NRCS curve number (CN) method is a widely used event-based model for estimating runoff using readily available watershed parameters and rainfall data from upland agricultural catchments. However, there is limited literature on application of the CN method in drained forest systems. This study proposes an application of the modified Sahu-Mishra-Eldho (SME) CN method developed and tested in earlier studies. In this study, the SME method was further modified by redefining the maximum potential retention to assess subsurface drainage and surface runoff, which are parts of total outflow, separately for a pine forest watershed with a high water table soil drained by ditches spaced 100 m apart in coastal North Carolina. Assuming that the measured outflow from the drained watershed was dominated by subsurface drainage, computed event outflow using the modified SME-CN (MSME-CN) model showed good agreement with the observed outflow data (without extreme rainfall events) for the study watershed, yielding a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.97, R2 = 0.97, and RMSE = 3.46 mm. Linking the direct runoff from the MSME model into the SCS graphical peak discharge method (GPDM) also improved event peak flow estimates compared to those from the GPDM using SCS-CN based outflow, with calculated RMSE of 11.93 and 31.35 L s-1 and modeling efficiency (EF) of 0.79 and -0.45, respectively. In addition, based on analysis, the wetland factor (Fp) of 0.72 recommended in the GPDM was found to be very large and unsuitable for the study watershed with its high retention capacity. The authors suggest multi-site-year validation of the MSME-CN model, which is sensitive to input parameters such as PET5, P, CN, and a, to gain more confidence in it and the associated GPDM. Keywords: Peak discharge, Pine forest, Poorly drained soil, Potential retention, Subsurface runoff, Surface runoff.
Andrzej Walega; Devendra M. Amatya. Application of Modified SME-CN Method for Predicting Event Runoff and Peak Discharge from a Drained Forest Watershed on the North Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain. Transactions of the ASABE 2020, 63, 275 -288.
AMA StyleAndrzej Walega, Devendra M. Amatya. Application of Modified SME-CN Method for Predicting Event Runoff and Peak Discharge from a Drained Forest Watershed on the North Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain. Transactions of the ASABE. 2020; 63 (2):275-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Walega; Devendra M. Amatya. 2020. "Application of Modified SME-CN Method for Predicting Event Runoff and Peak Discharge from a Drained Forest Watershed on the North Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 2: 275-288.
The aim was to assess the stability of the chemical composition of the groundwater in terms of maintaining the status of therapeutic waters in accordance with the Geological and Mining Law in Poland. The basis for the analysis was the results of stationary observations for nine hydrogeological wells for the needs of the Mineral Water Bottling Plant “Piwniczanka”. The database used for the analysis covered the years 2008–2018 and concerned the content of selected ions as well as total dissolved solids and CO2 content. For each of the analyzed boreholes, the analysis of the variability of the content was performed using graphical Schoeller–Berkaloff plots and statistical investigations (GWSDAT and STATISTICA). This hydrogeochemical investigation has demonstrated that groundwater in the Piwniczna area occur as natural “carbonated waters” and “waters containing carbon dioxide”. Summing up the analysis, it can be stated that the content of basic ions of the exploited water show a small variability and does not threaten the loss of therapeutic water status for seven of the boreholes. Two of them have a little risk of loss of therapeutic water status. Variable content of sodium ions causes changes in the hydrogeochemical type of water without affecting the maintenance of the status.
Karolina Kurek; Agnieszka Operacz; Piotr Bugajski; Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Jan Pawełek. Prediction of the Stability of Chemical Composition of Therapeutic Groundwater. Water 2019, 12, 103 .
AMA StyleKarolina Kurek, Agnieszka Operacz, Piotr Bugajski, Dariusz Młyński, Andrzej Wałęga, Jan Pawełek. Prediction of the Stability of Chemical Composition of Therapeutic Groundwater. Water. 2019; 12 (1):103.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarolina Kurek; Agnieszka Operacz; Piotr Bugajski; Dariusz Młyński; Andrzej Wałęga; Jan Pawełek. 2019. "Prediction of the Stability of Chemical Composition of Therapeutic Groundwater." Water 12, no. 1: 103.
The paper analyses selected problems with the estimation of environmental flows (EF) in the aspect of hydroelectric potential of rivers. The study was conducted for mountain catchments located in the upper Vistula catchment in Poland: Mszanka, Poroniec, Grajcarek, Ochotnica, and Kamienica Nawojowska. The data for calculations, in the form of observational series of daily flows in the years 1985-2014, were obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management of the National Research Institute in Warsaw. Based on the data, environmental flows were calculated as 25% Mean Annual Flow (MAF), 70% Median Flow, Q90, 7Q10, 7Q2, and additionally with the Eflows Management Framework and Upscaling method (EMFU). The calculations made it possible to indicate the main problems related to the calculation of environmental flows using hydrological methods: selection of the appropriate characteristic flow, the method of determining guaranteed flows, selection of appropriate statistical distributions or sensitivity of environmental flows to the length of the observation series for which they are esteemed. In addition, the paper showed that the choice of method for calculating the environmental flow influences the volume of electricity production in hydroelectric plants. For watercourses not covered by specific forms of protection, the compromise between environmental protection and investment economics seems to be calculating the EF value by 25% MAF or Q90. It was also found that it is optimal to maintain the value of EF (from the point of view of caring caring for the aquatic environment) along with choosing the economically justified options.
Dariusz Młyński; Agnieszka Operacz; Andrzej Wałęga. Sensitivity of methods for calculating environmental flows based on hydrological characteristics of watercourses regarding the hydropower potential of rivers. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 250, 119527 .
AMA StyleDariusz Młyński, Agnieszka Operacz, Andrzej Wałęga. Sensitivity of methods for calculating environmental flows based on hydrological characteristics of watercourses regarding the hydropower potential of rivers. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 250 ():119527.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDariusz Młyński; Agnieszka Operacz; Andrzej Wałęga. 2019. "Sensitivity of methods for calculating environmental flows based on hydrological characteristics of watercourses regarding the hydropower potential of rivers." Journal of Cleaner Production 250, no. : 119527.
The increase of impermeable areas in a catchment is known to elevate flood risk. To adequately understand and plan for these risks, changes in the basin water cycle must be quantified as imperviousness increases, requiring the use of hydrological modeling to obtain design runoff volumes and peak flow rates. A key stage of modeling is adopting the structure of the model and estimating its parameters. Due to the fact that most impervious basins are uncontrolled, hydrological models that do not require parameter calibration are advantageous. At the same time, it should be remembered that these models are sensitive to the values of assumed parameters. The purpose of this work is to determine the effect of catchment impermeability on the flow variability in the Sudół Dominikański stream in Cracow, Poland, and assess the influence of the frequency of rainfall on values of time of concentration (here it is meant as critical storm duration). The major finding in this work is that the critical storm duration for all different scenarios of catchment imperviousness depends on the rainfall exceedance probability. In the case of rainfall probability lower than 5.0%, the critical storm duration was equal to 2 h, for higher probabilities (p ≥ 50%) it was equal to 24 h. Simulations showed that the increase of impermeable areas caused peak time abbreviation. In the case of rainfall with exceedance probability p = 1.0% and critical storm duration Dkr = 2 h, the peak time decreased about 12.5% and for impermeable areas increased from 22.01 to 44.95%.
Andrzej Wałęga; Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Agnieszka Cupak; Jon Hathaway; Michał Pukowiec. Influence of Changes of Catchment Permeability and Frequency of Rainfall on Critical Storm Duration in an Urbanized Catchment—A Case Study, Cracow, Poland. Water 2019, 11, 2557 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Wałęga, Artur Radecki-Pawlik, Agnieszka Cupak, Jon Hathaway, Michał Pukowiec. Influence of Changes of Catchment Permeability and Frequency of Rainfall on Critical Storm Duration in an Urbanized Catchment—A Case Study, Cracow, Poland. Water. 2019; 11 (12):2557.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Wałęga; Artur Radecki-Pawlik; Agnieszka Cupak; Jon Hathaway; Michał Pukowiec. 2019. "Influence of Changes of Catchment Permeability and Frequency of Rainfall on Critical Storm Duration in an Urbanized Catchment—A Case Study, Cracow, Poland." Water 11, no. 12: 2557.
Southeastern United States The objective was to evaluate the ability of two modified SCS-CN models to predict direct runoff (DRO) and peak discharge rate (Qp) for selected storm events in three forested watersheds in the region - one low-gradient system in South Carolina, two high-gradient upland systems in North Carolina, and a mid-gradient upland system in Arkansas. The calculated peak discharge rate Qp values by all methods were unsatisfactory when using the default pond and swamp adjustment factor (Fp) value of 0.72 recommended in the SCS TR55 guideline, indicating that use of the default Fp value may result in erroneous Qp estimates for forest watersheds with high retention capacities. These findings, indicating the superiority of the modified Sahu-Mishra-Eldo (SME_m) method to the original SCS method in runoff calculations and substantially lower Fp values in the associated Qp method, are significant for hydrologists and engineers who frequently apply the methods in design of storm water management structures including road culverts on forested landscapes.
Andrzej Walega; Devendra M. Amatya; Peter Caldwell; Dan Marion; Sudhanshu Panda. Assessment of storm direct runoff and peak flow rates using improved SCS-CN models for selected forested watersheds in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 2019, 27, 100645 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Walega, Devendra M. Amatya, Peter Caldwell, Dan Marion, Sudhanshu Panda. Assessment of storm direct runoff and peak flow rates using improved SCS-CN models for selected forested watersheds in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies. 2019; 27 ():100645.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Walega; Devendra M. Amatya; Peter Caldwell; Dan Marion; Sudhanshu Panda. 2019. "Assessment of storm direct runoff and peak flow rates using improved SCS-CN models for selected forested watersheds in the Southeastern United States." Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 27, no. : 100645.
Andrzej Walega; Dariusz Młyński; Artur Radecki-Pawlik. The influence of meteorological and hydrological factors on the operation and performance of a semi-natural rainwater purification plant. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Walega, Dariusz Młyński, Artur Radecki-Pawlik. The influence of meteorological and hydrological factors on the operation and performance of a semi-natural rainwater purification plant. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Walega; Dariusz Młyński; Artur Radecki-Pawlik. 2019. "The influence of meteorological and hydrological factors on the operation and performance of a semi-natural rainwater purification plant." Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management , no. : 1.
This study aimed to determine the link between a hydric potential of catchments (LHP) and the predictability (P) of maximum flow of selected rivers in southern Poland (within the Upper Vistula basin) and Slovakia. The LHP method refers to the ability of ecosystems to slow down runoff and retain water. The LHP method is focused on the analysis of the following indicators, shaping the geosphere at the catchment scale: hydrogeological conditions, soil conditions, meteorological conditions, geomorphological conditions, and land use. The predictability of river flows, calculated as one of the Colwell's indices, represents a measure of confidence with regard to the state of a flood event at a given point. To determine links between the LHP and P, a cluster analysis was used with the Ward method of agglomeration. The mean LHP varied between 1.2 for the Skawa River and 20.1 for the Vistula River. Only the Vistula River has very high LHP. The rest of the investigated rivers had medium and low values of LHP. The mean predictability of maximum flows for all rivers was relatively high (0.54), with the highest value obtained for the Wisłok River (0.69) and the lowest one for the Białka River (0.40). Cluster analysis showed that the studied catchments may be aggregated into four homogeneity clusters: first - catchments with high P and limited LHP, second - catchments with mean P and low LHP, third - with low P and average LHP and fourth - with very high P and medium and excellent LHP. The results are important for the management of catchments, especially for planning of any land use changes and investment projects related to water retention.
Jakub Wojkowski; Dariusz Młyński; Tomas Lepeška; Andrzej Wałęga; Artur Radecki-Pawlik. Link between hydric potential and predictability of maximum flow for selected catchments in Western Carpathians. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 683, 293 -307.
AMA StyleJakub Wojkowski, Dariusz Młyński, Tomas Lepeška, Andrzej Wałęga, Artur Radecki-Pawlik. Link between hydric potential and predictability of maximum flow for selected catchments in Western Carpathians. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 683 ():293-307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJakub Wojkowski; Dariusz Młyński; Tomas Lepeška; Andrzej Wałęga; Artur Radecki-Pawlik. 2019. "Link between hydric potential and predictability of maximum flow for selected catchments in Western Carpathians." Science of The Total Environment 683, no. : 293-307.
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the values of 22 quality indicators of surface waters flowing out of two small catchments differing in physiographic parameters and land use, in particular forest cover and urbanization of the area. The research was carried out in the years 2012–2014 at four measurement-control points located on the Chechło river and the Młoszówka stream (Poland), which are the main tributaries of the retention reservoir. Basic descriptive statistics, statistical tests, as well as cluster analysis and factor analysis were used to interpret the research results. The water that outflowed from the forestry-settlement catchment of the Młoszówka stream contained higher concentrations of total phosphorus, phosphates, nitrite, and nitrate nitrogen and salinity indicators than outflow from the Chechło river. Water from the Młoszówka stream was characterized by more favourable oxygen conditions. Higher oxygen concentration in the catchment influenced a large slope of the watercourse and thus higher water velocity, which is promoted by the mixed process. In the case of the forest catchment of the Chechło river, the water quality was generally better than in the Młoszówka stream, mainly in cases of total suspended solids TSS, total phosphorus TP, phosphates PO43−, total nitrogen TN, nitrite N–NO2−, nitrate N–NO3−, and salinity parameters. Despite it being a short section of the river taken into the study, favourable self-purification processes like mixed, nitrification, and denitrification were observed in its water. The research shows that forest areas have a positive effect on the balance of most substances dissolved in water, and natural factors in many cases shape the quality and utility values of surface waters on an equal footing with anthropogenic factors. In the case of a large number of examined parameters and complex processes occurring in water, the interpretation of the results makes it much easier by applying multivariate statistical methods.
Andrzej Bogdał; Andrzej Wałęga; Tomasz Kowalik; Agnieszka Cupak. Assessment of the Impact of Forestry and Settlement-Forest Use of the Catchments on the Parameters of Surface Water Quality: Case Studies for Chechło Reservoir Catchment, Southern Poland. Water 2019, 11, 964 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Bogdał, Andrzej Wałęga, Tomasz Kowalik, Agnieszka Cupak. Assessment of the Impact of Forestry and Settlement-Forest Use of the Catchments on the Parameters of Surface Water Quality: Case Studies for Chechło Reservoir Catchment, Southern Poland. Water. 2019; 11 (5):964.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Bogdał; Andrzej Wałęga; Tomasz Kowalik; Agnieszka Cupak. 2019. "Assessment of the Impact of Forestry and Settlement-Forest Use of the Catchments on the Parameters of Surface Water Quality: Case Studies for Chechło Reservoir Catchment, Southern Poland." Water 11, no. 5: 964.