The use of osteometry for human identification is a key element in the field of forensic sciences. Currently, the osteometry focuses on the use of digital techniques such as photography or 3D scans, to study and measure bones, offering advantages like easy access, preservation of bones, and worldwide collaboration possibilities. The study aims to analyze whether digital tools such as Anatomage can be used to collect reliable data. The study compares measurements of the sacral bone from 41 individuals from Orgiva Collection using both traditional and digital methods. The variables analyzed were described previously, including landmarks and positions, and were coded by differentiating the measurements between dry bone (caliper) and digital measurement (Anatomage). Results indicate minimal differences between digital and dry bone measurements, with only one variable showing a significant differences in the effect size analysis (d > 0.80). The TEM analysis showed four variables as non-acceptable (rTEM > 1.5), possibly due to the landmark location or the experience using the tool to locate landmarks. Digital resources are valuable for morphometric evaluations and human identification within forensic sciences. However, caution is necessary to ensure accurate landmark localization and validate these tools across various bone types and larger sample sizes.

Foreign body airway obstruction is a time-critical emergency. Traditional techniques such as back blows and abdominal thrusts are widely recommended yet may be ineffective in certain populations. Antichoking suction devices such as LifeVac and Dechoker have gained popularity in out-of-hospital settings, despite limited supporting evidence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies involving humans or simulation models in which antichoking devices were used for foreign body airway obstruction management were included. Seven databases were searched. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. A meta-analysis of proportions was performed to estimate airway clearance success rates, and subgroup analyses were conducted by device and study model (human vs manikin). Six studies (n = 789) met the inclusion criteria. The overall success rate for airway clearance was 92.26%. LifeVac had the highest success rate (97.79%) and lowest heterogeneity (I² = 34.2%), followed by Dechoker (94.82%; I² = 80.4%) and the Heimlich maneuver (71.11%; I² > 80%). Studies using human subjects showed slightly higher success and lower variability than manikin-based studies. A mean of 2 attempts per device was needed. However, high heterogeneity and potential publication bias were noted. Antichoking devices may be useful in selected scenarios, but their comparative effectiveness remains unproven. Current evidence is limited and affected by bias. Traditional techniques should remain the priority in airway obstruction management. Further independent, high-quality research is needed to clarify the clinical value of antichoking devices.

Background/Objectives: The voltage-gated potassium channels of the Kv4 family (Kv4.1, Kv4.2, Kv4.3) regulate neuronal excitability and synaptic integration. The dysregulation of these channels has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), spinocerebellar ataxias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), prion diseases, and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Current evidence is scattered across diverse models, and a systematic synthesis is lacking. This review seeks to compile and analyze data on Kv4 channel alterations in neurodegeneration, focusing on genetic variants, functional changes, and phenotypic consequences. Methods: A systematic search was conducted for peer-reviewed studies, including human participants, human-derived cell models, and relevant animal models. Studies were considered eligible if they investigated Kv4.1–Kv4.3 (encoded by gene encoding the Kv4.1-Kv4.3 α-subunit of voltage-gated A-type potassium channels (KCND1-KCND3)) expression, function, or genetic variants, as well as associated auxiliary subunits such as DPP6 (dipeptidyl peptidase–like protein 6) and KChIP2 (Kv channel–interacting protein 2), in neurodegenerative diseases. Both observational and experimental designs were considered. Data extraction included disease type, model, Kv4 subunit, functional or genetic findings, and key outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed in all included studies. Results: Kv4 channels exhibit significant functional and expression changes in various neurodegenerative diseases. In AD and prionopathies, reduced Kv4.1- and Kv4.2-mediated currents contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability. In spinocerebellar ataxias, KCND3 mutations cause loss- or gain-of-function phenotypes in Kv4.3, disrupting cerebellar signaling. In models of ALS and PD, Kv4 dysfunction correlates with altered neuronal excitability and can be modulated pharmacologically. Subunit modulators such as DPP6 and KChIP2 influence channel function and could represent therapeutic targets. Conclusions: Kv4 channels are crucial for neuronal excitability in multiple neurodegenerative contexts. Dysregulation through genetic or pathological mechanisms contributes to functional deficits, highlighting Kv4 channels as promising targets for interventions aimed at restoring electrical homeostasis and mitigating early neuronal dysfunction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the short-term pre–post change in cannabis risk knowledge after a brief curriculum-integrated school intervention delivered under routine educational conditions. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental single-group pre–post study without a control group in a secondary education setting (n = 151; ages 15–17). Intervention: Three standardized 1 h classroom sessions delivered by health professionals, focused on health literacy, risk perception, myth debunking, and peer pressure. Primary outcome: Pre–post change in a knowledge scale (0–15). Analysis: Wilcoxon signed-rank test; effect size r. Results: Knowledge scores increased from a median of 8 (IQR 7–10) at pretest to 13 (IQR 12–14.5) at posttest. The median paired change was +5 points (IQR 3–6; Hodges–Lehmann estimate 5.0, 95% CI 4.5 to 5.0), with improvement observed in 96.7% of students (146/151); the effect size was large (r = 0.867). Associations with family and clinical variables were considered exploratory due to low subgroup frequencies. Discussion: In this single-group pre–post study, the intervention was associated with short-term improvement in cannabis risk knowledge. These findings should be interpreted as evidence of short-term within-subject change in a proximal cognitive outcome under uncontrolled conditions, not as evidence of intervention effectiveness, sustained learning, behavioral change, or broader practical impact. Conclusions: Brief curriculum-integrated cannabis education may be a feasible format for generating short-term gains in risk knowledge, but controlled studies with longer follow-up, psychometrically stronger outcome measures, and implementation data are needed to assess the durability and behavioral relevance of these changes.

Background: Fixed night work and rotating schedules including nights may contribute to migraine via sleep disruption and circadian misalignment, but evidence is inconsistent and definitions vary. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared past-year migraine prevalence in nurses working night-inclusive schedules versus day-only or non-night schedules. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261304288), we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 3 February 2026 (English/Spanish). Observational studies in nurses (≥18 years) reporting past-year migraine prevalence by shift pattern were eligible. All included studies assessed past-year prevalence; pooled PRs reflect 1-year prevalence. Crude prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated from contingency tables and pooled quantitatively. Risk of bias was assessed with the JBI prevalence checklist. Results: We identified 54 records; 4 studies were included (N = 3843) of which 3323 participants contributed to the comparative meta-analysis because complete disaggregated data were available to construct contingency tables. The pooled association between night-inclusive schedules and migraine prevalence was not statistically significant (PR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.82–1.10; I² = 0%). Secondary intensity contrasts were inconclusive (high vs. low: PR = 1.24, 95% CI 0.46–3.36; high vs. zero nights: PR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.38–1.93). Conclusions: Current nurse-specific evidence does not show a statistically significant difference in migraine prevalence between night-inclusive and non-night schedules; however, the small evidence base and limited generalizability preclude firm conclusions. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this association.

Home mechanical ventilation is crucial for treating conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea, and its use has increased exponentially. A possible link exists between poor equipment hygiene and the risk of respiratory infections, due to healthcare-related practices; however, the exact effect is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the level of bacterial and fungal contamination in home continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices. This prospective, cross-sectional study will be conducted at the Burgos University Hospital Complex (CAUBU), Spain. Twenty-five patients undergoing home CPAP treatment for at least six months will be recruited. Microbiological samples will be taken from each patient at critical points of the CPAP device: CPAP housing, tubing, internal filter, interface, and humidifier. Analyses will be performed at the CAUBU Microbiology Department, which is certified under UNE-EN ISO 9001:2015. In addition to microbiological analysis, clinical variables and determinants of patient health will be collected to study potential factors associated with contamination. It is known that 30% of healthcare-associated infections are preventable, so this study aims to improve prevention strategies, health education, and nursing care to reduce the risk of pathogenic contamination related to home respiratory therapy.