High specific surface area (SSA), porous structure, and suitable technological characteristics (flow, compressibility) predetermine powder carriers to be used in pharmaceutical technology, especially in the formulation of liquisolid systems (LSS) and solid self-emulsifying delivery systems (s-SEDDS). Besides widely used microcrystalline cellulose, other promising materials include magnesium aluminometasilicates, mesoporous silicates, and silica aerogels. Clay minerals with laminar or fibrous internal structures also provide suitable properties for liquid drug incorporation. This work aimed at a comparison of 14 carriers’ main properties. Cellulose derivatives, silica, silicates, and clay minerals were evaluated for flow properties, shear cell experiments, SSA, hygroscopicity, pH, particle size, and SEM. The most promising materials were magnesium aluminometasilicates, specifically Neusilin^® US2, due to its proper flow, large SSA, etc. Innovative materials such as FujiSil^® or Syloid^® XDP 3050 were for their properties evaluated as suitable. The obtained data can help choose a suitable carrier for formulations where the liquid phase is incorporated into the solid dosage form. All measurements were conducted by the same methodology and under the same conditions, allowing a seamless comparison of property evaluation between carriers, for which available company or scientific sources do not qualify due to different measurements, conditions, instrumentation, etc.

The utilization of co-processed excipients (CPEs) represents a novel approach to the preparation of orally disintegrating tablets by direct compression. Flow, consolidation, and compression properties of four lactose-based CPEs—Cellactose^® 80, CombiLac^®, MicroceLac^® 100, and StarLac^®—were investigated using different methods, including granulometry, powder rheometry, and tablet compaction under three pressures. Due to the similar composition and the same preparation technique (spray drying), the properties of CPEs and their compacts were generally comparable. The most pronounced differences were observed in flowability, undissolved fraction after 3 min and 24 h, energy of plastic deformation (E₂), ejection force, consolidation behavior, and compact friability. Cellactose^® 80 exhibited the most pronounced consolidation behavior, the lowest values of ejection force, and high friability of compacts. CombiLac^® showed excellent flow properties but insufficient friability, except for compacts prepared at the highest compression pressure (182 MPa). MicroceLac^® 100 displayed the poorest flow properties, lower ejection forces, and the best mechanical resistance of compacts. StarLac^® showed excellent flow properties, the lowest amounts of undissolved fraction, the highest ejection force values, and the worst compact mechanical resistance. The obtained results revealed that higher compression pressures need to be used or further excipients have to be added to all tested materials in order to improve the friability and tensile strength of formed tablets, except for MicroceLac^® 100.

The importance of termination: the surface termination of MgB ₂ uncovered by combining inverse gas chromatography and theoretical calculations.

Background/Objectives: Crystallization is a key process in the manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), as it significantly affects the physical and chemical properties of the final product. Nicergoline, a clinically relevant ergot derivative, was chosen as a model compound to investigate how different crystallization strategies affect particle attributes. The objective of this study was to compare controlled and uncontrolled crystallization techniques and evaluate their impact on the physicochemical properties of nicergoline. Methods: Nicergoline was crystallized using controlled methods, including sonication-induced and seeding-induced crystallization, and uncontrolled methods, namely cubic and linear cooling, as well as acetone evaporation. The resulting powders were characterized by using a range of physicochemical techniques to assess particle morphology, size distribution, agglomeration behavior, and surface properties. Results: Uncontrolled crystallization methods produced particles prone to agglomeration, resulting in a broader particle size distribution ranging from 8 to 720 µm and heterogeneous surface characteristics. In contrast, controlled crystallization generated more uniform particles with reduced agglomeration and narrower particle size distributions. Among the evaluated methods, sonocrystallization provided the most effective control over particle size and morphology, demonstrated by a narrow size distribution ranging from 16 to 39 µm which correlated with improved flowability and surface energy. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that the choice of crystallization method significantly influences the structural and physicochemical properties of nicergoline. These findings highlight the importance of method selection for tailoring API properties to enhance downstream processing and product quality.