Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases—chiefly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)—remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the proliferation of telehealth programs, few longitudinal studies have rigorously evaluated theory-based, nurse-led digital education across multiple chronic conditions within a unified self-care framework. PROSELF (Promotion of Self-Care through Educational Interventions in Chronic Patients) addresses this gap. Methods: Promotion of Self-Care (PROSELF) is a prospective, longitudinal, multicenter, non-interventional study in community and primary-care settings in Southern Italy. A 12-month nurse-led digital educational intervention—grounded in the Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness—targets the three core self-care dimensions (maintenance, monitoring, and management) through individualized tele-education, asynchronous reinforcement, and structured follow-up at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Validated self-care, quality-of-life, and social-support measures will be used. Data will be analyzed using repeated-measures and multivariate models to evaluate longitudinal changes in self-care, adherence, and related outcomes. Participation requires digitally informed consent. Results: The PROSELF study is expected to demonstrate the effectiveness of a 12-month, nurse-led digital educational program in improving adherence and self-care behaviors among patients with chronic diseases (COPD, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease). The intervention will leverage validated self-care assessment tools and tele-educational follow-up sessions. Conclusions: Findings from this study will inform the design of scalable, evidence-based, behaviorally informed models for digital chronic care delivery and nursing education.

Background/Objectives: Antibiotic resistance represents one of the major global health emergencies, driven by the inappropriate use of antibiotics and persistent misconceptions among adults attending general medical clinics. This study, conducted on 325 participants recruited from general medical clinics in the province of Salerno, aimed to assess their knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors regarding antibiotic use. Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative observational survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire based on the WHO tool and adapted to the local context. Results: The results show that the majority of participants take antibiotics only when prescribed by a doctor (90.2%), but risky practices such as self-medication (10%) and early discontinuation of therapy (16%) persist. In addition, 72% of subjects demonstrate incomplete knowledge about the independent management of drugs, and 86% mistakenly believe that resistance is limited to the individual rather than the community. The descriptive analysis stratified by age showed higher levels of awareness among subjects under 30 years of age, compared to significant knowledge gaps and inappropriate behaviors in the over-65 age group. Conclusions: Despite a good awareness of the need for medical prescriptions and the collective importance of the phenomenon, there are still critical areas of knowledge and incorrect practices that can promote the spread of antibiotic resistance. The data collected underscore the urgency of targeted educational strategies differentiated by age group, integrated with multi-channel communication interventions, in order to promote the appropriate use of antibiotics and contain the impact of one of the most serious global health emergencies.