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The acceleration in deployment of the key low carbon technologies in the wind, solar, and energy storage areas has real implications for the commodities market, not only rare earths, such as indium and neodymium. Aluminum, copper, silver, bauxite, iron, lead, and others all stand to potentially benefit from a strong shift to low carbon technologies. It would be reasonable to expect that all low carbon energy systems are more likely than not to be more metal intensive than high-carbon systems. All literature examining material and metals implications for supplying clean technologies agree that building these technologies will result in considerably more material-intensive demand than would traditional fossil fuel mechanisms. At present the minerals/materials considered “critical” (Critical Raw Materials – CRM) for EU economy are mainly constituted by rare earth metals, base and precious metals. The supply of CRM is highly connected to international politics and global market conditions; most of them are exploited in countries other than EU ones, causing high economic dependence from non-EU countries.
RM and CRM are principally extracted from natural resources, urban and industrial landfill sites, and extractive waste facilities. To evaluate the potentially exploitable quantity and typologies of RM/CRM and secondary raw materials (SRM), standardized protocols, including waste characterization and waste volume potentially exploitable are needed. Further to this, and together with environmental and human health aspects, the economic and societal aspects need to be integrated and therefore common cost benefit analysis (CBA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies should be also used. A more sustainable and integrated approach in the management of extractive industry at large, also thanks to proper Guidelines, is needed to boost the waste recycling. Some tools, as the sustainable finance, can be applied to encourage industries to be more responsible.
Fundamental is the interaction within Research Centers, Academies, Industries and Public Administrations in researching innovative and newer solutions for waste recycling (in terms of new technologies and products) and in guaranteeing the application at a wider scale of the products, objects of patents and already tested, not already present in the global market. In many cases, the possibility to re-use SRM from mining waste is invalidate from landscape constraints or bans on protected areas; to move these limits, it’s necessary working harmonically with Public Administrations and Mining Companies in order to show them the results of materials recovered in terms of LCA, if compared to mining. The typical objection from “stakeholders” is to consider the removing operations too much invasive on territory, but this belief could be debunked with a correct, agreed approach of the project; good solutions of environmental recovery should be found after exploitation, also to solve safety and pollution problems and return the site in better condition. For these reasons, we consider to give priority to the case-histories which represent a real or potential risk (for production, of stability, hydrogeological, chemical, etc.), but in perspective mostly a precious resource.
The present research investigates the chance to guarantee a more sustainable mining in selected Italian case studies.
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Cavallo; Claudia Chiappino. Raw materials (CRM/SRM) supply from waste recycling and landfill mining: interdisciplinary approach to exploit resources from extractive waste facilities. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Alessandro Cavallo, Claudia Chiappino. Raw materials (CRM/SRM) supply from waste recycling and landfill mining: interdisciplinary approach to exploit resources from extractive waste facilities. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Cavallo; Claudia Chiappino. 2021. "Raw materials (CRM/SRM) supply from waste recycling and landfill mining: interdisciplinary approach to exploit resources from extractive waste facilities." , no. : 1.
The Ossola valley (central Alps, northern Italy) is well known to produce a wide range of dimension stones: granites, gneisses, marbles and soapstones. The calcitic Candoglia marble is well-known because it was used in the cathedral of Milan, whereas the dolomitic Crevoladossola marble is widely spread and appreciated on the market. This work focusses on the varieties of the latter, the Crevoladossola marble: it pertains to the Mesozoic metasedimentary cover that tectonically separates the Monte Leone and Antigorio nappes (lower Penninic Units), with a quite steep structural setting and multiphase folding. The location of the quarry (Lorgino di Crevoladossola) is the same of the historic Pavia quarry of the «Fabbriceria del Duomo di Pavia», at the beginning of the 16th century. At present time there is only one active quarry which produces nine commerciali varieties: among these, Palissandro Bluette, Palissandro Blu Nuvolato, Palissandro Classico and Palissandro Oniciato are the most common ones. The quarry front is terraced and the extraction technology only uses diamond wire technology; the large extracted blocks are then selected based on their dimension, textural and chromatic features. The Crevoladossola marble (dolomite content 75 – 90% wt.) has fine grain size and variable colour and texture due to the different amount of phlogopite (10 – 25% wt.) which defines the foliation plane, characterized by abundant isoclinal folds; there are also smaller amounts of quartz, anorthite, chlorite, tremolite, and rare disseminated sulphides. The presence of tremolite initially created doubts about the possible presence of asbestiform phases, however in-depth SEM-EDS analytical investigations excluded the presence of fibers, showing only cleavage fragments or prismatic - acicular crystals. With respect to the Candoglia and Ornavasso marbles, the Crevoladossola marble has markedly anisotropic physical and mechanical properties. In the Archaeological Museum of Milano possibly there is the first evidence of the use of this type of marble, represented by a sculpture of a Roman person (T. Labieno). Since 13th and 14th centuries this material was widely utilized in the local architecture of Domodossola, Baceno and Montecrestese, whereas its use was scarce in Lombardy: the main representative buildings are Arco della Pace in Milano with eight monolithic marble columns (10 m height) and the Duomo in Pavia (since 14th century). The marble is now used for internal facing, furnishings and valuable objects: in 1995 a block of Palissandro Classico was worked to produce the significant sculpture «Uovo della Pace» for UNICEF. The overall good quality of the rock mass and a rational exploitation make this quarry an exemplary model of dimension stone extraction; at the present time, efforts are also being made to exploit production waste, from crushed stone up to sawing sludge.
Alessandro Cavallo; Giovanna Antonella Dino. The Crevoladossola marble (Piedmont, northern Italy): nine commercial varieties in just one quarry! 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAlessandro Cavallo, Giovanna Antonella Dino. The Crevoladossola marble (Piedmont, northern Italy): nine commercial varieties in just one quarry! . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandro Cavallo; Giovanna Antonella Dino. 2021. "The Crevoladossola marble (Piedmont, northern Italy): nine commercial varieties in just one quarry!" , no. : 1.
In recent decades, the environmental aspects connected to georesources management have come to the forefront. Topics such as “Sustainability”, “Responsibility”, “Eco-compatibility” are more and more important and the path towards an environmental and social sustainability of the "wise" use of georesources, leads to a "rethink" of "our" way of producing and consuming in an intergenerational perspective, also through a deeper understanding of the ethical value of the close link between socio-economic and natural systems.
The acquisition of the awareness about the necessity to move towards a more sustainable society needs a deep change of human attitude, which should involve institutions, industries and individuals. Itis fundamental to involve developed and developing countries in this new approach. A change in human attitudes starts with a proper training and education for all the subjects involved in georesource management, and in particular for students. Indeed, education for sustainable development is a strategic objective for the present and for the future of global development (UNECE, 2009). Education at all levels is the basis of the training of people able to live in current affairs with critical and conscious thinking and with a sense of legality in continuous construction (UNECE, 2011).
An example based on improving capacity building for the sustainable use of georesources is SUGERE (Sustainable Sustainability and Wise Use of Geological Resources) project, whose main objectives are the international standardization of university training and teaching activities concerning Earth Sciences and Mining Engineering, and the promotion of a more responsible and sustainable use of georesources. Thanks to SUGERE project, a strong research and training networks between European and non-European universities interested in mining issues have been set up.
SUGERE project aims to strengthen the role of the investigated discipline (earth sciences and mining engineering), to develop updated strategies for the sustainable management of natural resources, and to implement new collaboration thanks to an international network focused on local and social economic development in the geological/mining context. It has been elaborated a prototype proposal involving three representative African countries (Capo Verde, Angola and Mozambique) that can be replicated in other countries (African and not African). The key issue is the concept of Local Economic Development (LED) in the context of Mining/Geology combined with Environmental and Social Economic aspects.
The main objective is to graduate persons that are able to oppose the "Resource Curse" that strikes countries that underperform economically, despite benefitting from valuable natural resources. Furthermore, it is expected to bring new ideas back to the European Partners. Main output of the project is the implementation of five degrees covering the three levels (BSc, MSc and PhD) whose common denominator LED is new in Geology/Mining.
The culture of sustainability and the deepening of skills in the field of geomining form the basis for the development of critical thinking, which is necessary for the resolution of local problems, for the acquisition of ethical values and technical skills that underpin sustainable development.
Manuela Lasagna; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Susanna Mancini; Domenico Antonio De Luca. Sustainability in georesources management: the importance of an updated school system to face the new challenges connected to mining activities. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleManuela Lasagna, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Susanna Mancini, Domenico Antonio De Luca. Sustainability in georesources management: the importance of an updated school system to face the new challenges connected to mining activities. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuela Lasagna; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Susanna Mancini; Domenico Antonio De Luca. 2021. "Sustainability in georesources management: the importance of an updated school system to face the new challenges connected to mining activities." , no. : 1.
The use of natural stone has historical and environmental value that makes it strategically valuable for landscape conservation in Europe. Marble, among others, is widely spread on Earth, and it offers high-performance features in architectural applications. However, the complexity of these formations and the rock variability in different ore bodies require detailed studies of the natural and induced stress state, the fracturing degree, and the influence of external factor (such as temperature and/or chemical agents) on the mechanical properties in order to optimize the exploitation processes by reducing extractive waste. This article shows a series of studies conducted by the authors over the last 20 years aimed at making the exploitation of marble blocks in the Carrara basin safer, more efficient, and, therefore, more sustainable. In particular, studies for increasing our knowledge of the natural and the induced stress state through on-site measurements and numerical modeling, studies to improve the quality of the exploited material through improvements of cutting technologies, studies to improve the knowledge of the mechanical behavior of the material under varying loads and temperature conditions, and studies to improve the reuse of water materials and their reduction are reported.
Federico Vagnon; Giovanna Dino; Gessica Umili; Marilena Cardu; Anna Ferrero. New Developments for the Sustainable Exploitation of Ornamental Stone in Carrara Basin. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9374 .
AMA StyleFederico Vagnon, Giovanna Dino, Gessica Umili, Marilena Cardu, Anna Ferrero. New Developments for the Sustainable Exploitation of Ornamental Stone in Carrara Basin. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9374.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFederico Vagnon; Giovanna Dino; Gessica Umili; Marilena Cardu; Anna Ferrero. 2020. "New Developments for the Sustainable Exploitation of Ornamental Stone in Carrara Basin." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9374.
The use of natural stone has a historical and environmental value that makes it strategically valuable for landscape conservation in Europe. Marble, among others, is widely spread on Earth, and it offers high-performance features in architectural applications. However, the complexity of these formations and the rock variability in different ore bodies require detailed studies of the natural and induced stress state, the fracturing degree, and the influence of external factor (such as temperature and/or chemical agents) on the mechanical properties in order to optimize the exploitation processes by reducing extractive waste. This article shows a series of studies conducted by the authors over the last 20 years aimed at making the exploitation of marble blocks in the Carrara basin safer, more efficient, and, therefore, more sustainable. In particular, studies for increasing the knowledge on the natural and the induced stress state through on-site measurements and numerical modeling, studies to improve the quality of the exploited material through improvements of cutting technologies, studies to improve the knowledge of the mechanical behavior of the material under varying loads and temperature conditions and studies to improve the reuse of water materials and their reduction are reported.
Federico Vagnon; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Gessica Umili; Marilena Cardu; Anna Maria Ferrero. New Developments for Sustainable Exploitation of Ornamental Stone in Carrara Basin. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleFederico Vagnon, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Gessica Umili, Marilena Cardu, Anna Maria Ferrero. New Developments for Sustainable Exploitation of Ornamental Stone in Carrara Basin. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFederico Vagnon; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Gessica Umili; Marilena Cardu; Anna Maria Ferrero. 2020. "New Developments for Sustainable Exploitation of Ornamental Stone in Carrara Basin." , no. : 1.
The incremental amount of needed Raw Materials (RM) and Critical Raw Materials (CRM) cannot be totally supplied by recycling activities, and mining activities are growing more and more at global level, requiring more modern and efficient technologies and mining techniques to guarantee a sustainable mining. To reach a sustainable mining, an interdisciplinary approach, which consists in considering economic, environmental and social impacts together with new processes implementation, is needed. The focus of the present research is the exploitation of extractive waste (EW) to recover RM and CRM, considering, the technological and economical factors, together with the environmental impacts, associated to EW quarrying and dressing activities.
The present study, based on a case history from Northern Italy (Montorfano and Baveno granite quarrying area), was intended to validate the presented interdisciplinary approach for evaluating economic and environmental impacts associated to EW facility exploitation (from granite EW facility to products for ceramic industry and by products for building industry and infrastructures). Two different surveys were carried out: in 2009 and 2016, investigating four different EW facilities (Braghini, Ciana-Tane Pilastretto,Sengio, and Montorfano).
A shared methodology was applied to determine EW characteristics (geochemical, petrographycal and mineralogical), EW facility volume (geophysical and topographic and morphologic 3D characterisation) and potential exploitable products, by-products (and CRM). Meanwhile, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was applied to determine environmental impacts associated to extraction and processing phases.
The sampled materials from the EW facilities, sampled in 2009 and 2016, show highly homogeneous geochemical features (Al2O3: 13.02-14.65; Fe2O3: 1.40-2.41, TiO2: 0.10-0.26, CaO: 0.54-2.01, MgO: 0.14-0.45, K2O: 4.49-5.18, Na2O: 3.08-3.64) for major elements. The alkalies (K2O+Na2O) and Fe2O3tot content of all samples are extremely important for the feldspar (l.s.) industry, and the samples obtained after magnetic separation show a decrement of Fe2O3 passing from > 1.4% (not good for ceramic industry) to < 0.2% (good for ceramic industry). Moreover, a wider range of geochemical analysis was carried out in 2016 and an interesting fractionation in the treatment process is observed when considering the REE concentration: all samples of the magnetic fraction are much more concentrated than in the feeding material and can be up to one order of magnitude more concentrated than in the upgraded amagnetic portion. The total volume of dumps was estimated in about 2.1 Mm3.
The LCA reports that main environmental loads were due to the dressing plant, including climate change and freshwater eutrophication ones. Despite landfilling shows minor impacts, it has significant impact in terrestrial eco-toxicity. While climate change indicators show significantly higher loads than savings, savings and loads in freshwater eutrophication indicator are balanced. The avoided phosphate and phosphorous release to water results in high ratio of savings in freshwater eutrophication. As for environmental impacts, the SRM recovery activities are favourable for the environment compared to the use of primary sources.
The presented interdisciplinary approach is in line with the will of going towards a sustainable mining, which has to consider, together with economic and environmental factors, also social impacts and risks mitigation instruments.
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Cavallo; Ernő Garamvölgyi; Renáta Sándor; Frederic Coulon. Towards sustainable mining: exploiting raw materials from extractive waste facilities. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Alessandro Cavallo, Ernő Garamvölgyi, Renáta Sándor, Frederic Coulon. Towards sustainable mining: exploiting raw materials from extractive waste facilities. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Cavallo; Ernő Garamvölgyi; Renáta Sándor; Frederic Coulon. 2020. "Towards sustainable mining: exploiting raw materials from extractive waste facilities." , no. : 1.
The progress and prosperity have been based on finite mineral resources and fossil fuels. Sustainable development goals of the United Nations and the implementation of the Paris Agreement, resulted in the vast utilization of a wide range of minerals for green technologies such as low-carbon applications. The global demand for raw materials has increased during the last decades (Kinnunen and Kaksonen, 2019).
In addition to clear economic and societal benefits, mining has also created environmental challenges via significant amounts of mining and quarrying waste termed as extractive waste. However, these wastes can be transformed into valuable secondary metal sources combining metals recovery and environmental management.
The current study, focuses on reuse and recovery targeted on extractive waste from abandoned mines in Campello Monti. It is a small settlement of Valstrona village in the northern sector of Piemonte, (NW Italy). Geologically, the site is present in the ultramafic layers of mafic complex of Ivrea Verbano Zone and consists of anorthosites, gabbros, gabbro-norite, lherzolites, peridotites, pyroxenites, titanolivin. The area was exploited for nickel production from Fe-Ni-Cu-Co magmatic sulphide deposits from 1865 until 1940s. Currently, the area has waste rock and operating residues dumps.
As, the extractive waste from Campello Monti has not been moved from 1940s and recovery trials have also not been performed. Our study dealt with: (1) reusing fine fraction (<2 mm) of waste rock as soil additive, and (2) recovering raw materials from coarse fraction (>2 mm) of waste rock and operating residues, by means of dressing methods like wet shaking table and magnetic fraction.
The seed germination and plant growth experiments performed using Blok et al. (2008) showed no major detrimental impact on Lepidium sativum plants. Although the plant growth decreased to 31% after adding 45% of waste rock to sand and blonde peat mixture. However, by adding fertilizers this can be mitigated to certain extent.
The coarse fraction of waste rock crushed to <0.5 mm showed recovery of Co, Cu and Ni as 53%, 42% and 66% using shaking table. Whilst, for the same size and dressing method operating residues depicted recovery of Co, Cu and Ni in the range of 55-76%. Whilst, the recovery of these elements varied from 35-41% for operating residues and waste rocks using magnetic separation. The micro-XRF mineral mapping of the concentrates obtained from both dressing methods demonstrated presence of pyroxene, pyrrhotite, olivine, magnetite, pentlandite and chalcopyrite.
The present investigation highlights the methodologies used for obtaining raw materials from extractive waste. Thus moving from the linear economy patterns of mineral extraction to circular closed loops.
References
Neha Mehta; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Iride Passarella; Franco Ajmone Marsan; Domenico De Luca. Reuse of extractive waste from an abandoned mine site: case study of Campello Monti, Italy. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleNeha Mehta, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Iride Passarella, Franco Ajmone Marsan, Domenico De Luca. Reuse of extractive waste from an abandoned mine site: case study of Campello Monti, Italy. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeha Mehta; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Iride Passarella; Franco Ajmone Marsan; Domenico De Luca. 2020. "Reuse of extractive waste from an abandoned mine site: case study of Campello Monti, Italy." , no. : 1.
The Monte Bracco area (western Alps, northern Italy) is well known for the “Bargiolina” quartzite, a dimension stone that has been exploited in slabs at least since the XIII century, used as internal and external facing, especially in the Baroque. The quarries are located mainly on the top of the Monte Bracco, geologically pertaining to the Dora-Maira Massif, a crystalline massif of the Penninic Domain (Palaeozoic basement and a thin Mesozoic cover). The quartzites occur in sub-parallel lenses (thickness between 2 and 10 m), hosted by ortho- and paragneiss, locally strongly altered in clayey material (kaolinization). The quartzite varieties are characterized by a fine and homeoblastic grain size, a granular – lepidoblastic texture, with regular spaced schistosity, and the main rock-forming minerals are quartz (70 – 90 wt.%), phengite (up to 15 wt.%), K-feldspar (orthoclase, 5 – 10 wt.%, frequently altered in kaolinite) and traces of albite, chlorite and accessory minerals. The quarrying activity boomed between the XIX and the end of the XX century (up to 40 quarries), but the bad exploitation planning in the XX century, which involved the best portions of the rock body, led to partly exploited quarry benches, characterized by a residual yield rate of about 4-8%. At present the quarrying activity is nearly stopped due to low yield rate (and the consequent huge production of waste) and to the competition of the widespread “golden quartzite” from Brazil. The huge amount of quarry waste, the quartz-rich composition and the abundance of kaolin in the altered host gneiss suggest interesting applications as industrial minerals. Due to the high quartz content, the quarry waste (estimated in 2,250,000 m3) could be extracted as a secondary raw material and mineral dressed to obtain products for ceramics, refractories, abrasives and glass manufacturing. The recovery of the kaolinized host gneisses should also be evaluated: the deposit shows proper geochemical, mineralogical and petrographical characteristics for kaolin exploitation, which however should be programmed and carried out together with the exploitation of the quartzite deposit (which lays on the kaolinitic gneiss bench). Preliminary mineralogical and geochemical data (XRPD and XRF) show an appreciable amount of kaolin (8 – 25 wt. %, with a very low Fe2O3 content) in the altered gneisses, and a substantial compositional homogeneity in the different sampled areas. In addition to kaolin, the other main minerals are quartz, K-feldspar and a mixture of phengite and illite, a quite good “raw material” for the ceramic industry. The volume of the kaolinitic gneisses should be further evaluated by targeted field and geophysical surveys, followed by core drilling. In the perspective of a sustainable mining, it is important to move towards the integrated exploitation of the Monte Bracco area, contemporary mining both the quartzite waste and the kaolinitic gneiss (first category materials, industrial minerals), as well as the quartzite benches (second category materials, dimension stone).
Franco Rodeghiero; Cavallo Alessandro; Giovanna Antonella Dino. Kaolin and quartz from extractive waste: the example of the Monte Bracco area (Piedmont, northern Italy). 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleFranco Rodeghiero, Cavallo Alessandro, Giovanna Antonella Dino. Kaolin and quartz from extractive waste: the example of the Monte Bracco area (Piedmont, northern Italy). . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFranco Rodeghiero; Cavallo Alessandro; Giovanna Antonella Dino. 2020. "Kaolin and quartz from extractive waste: the example of the Monte Bracco area (Piedmont, northern Italy)." , no. : 1.
Piemonte region (Northern Italy) shows an extraordinary richness of ornamental stones, whose exploitation strongly influenced the local culture during the centuries. Indeed, more than 100 lithotypes, mainly exploited in valleys and mountain areas, are used in the local, urban and architecture heritage of the region.
The starting point of the present work consists in the creation and implementation of a dynamic geodatabase of the ornamental and dimension stones of Piemonte region. The geodatabase relies on the data model of the GeoPiemonte Map, derived from a thorough revision of existing geological maps and papers and presently available on a WebGIS application as an interactive scalable map on ARPA Piemonte geoportal.
The second step of the work consists in the dissemination and exploitation of results for enhancing the use of local stones for restoration of historical buildings, infrastructures (eg. stone bridges) and rural villages, and for the construction of new “sustainable” buildings and houses (energy saving, use of natural materials, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions due to transports, etc.).
The structure of the DB and the information reported in it are easily accessible and can be elaborated, implemented and shared not only by researchers, but also by public authorities, trade associations, consultants, etc., in order to (potentially):
The structure of the DB and the methodology to collect data to improve it are replicable and applicable to other regions (at national and international level). The use of the DB may have economic and social returns, due to the reinvigoration of the ornamental and dimension stones market and to the potential growth of the quarrying activities (implementation of the staff in charge) and of their spin offs (working plants, restoration experts, designers, building enterprises, etc.).
Many of the stones reported in the DB could be considered as Heritage Stones, being some of them already presented in previous congresses and papers (Montorfano and Baveno granites, serizzi and beole gneisses, Candoglia marble, Luserna stone gneiss, Bargiolina quartzite, etc.).
This work was carried out in the framework of the GeoDIVE research project concerning the geodiversity of the Piemonte region, “from rocks to stones, from landforms to landscapes”, funded by Compagnia di San Paolo and University of Torino.
Francesca Gambino; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Borghi; Anna D'atri; Luca Barale; Sergio Enrico Favero Longo; Marco Giardino; Luca Martire; Luigi Perotti; Fabrizio Piana. Geo-referenced database of Ornamental and Building Stones from Piemonte region: from Heritage Stone exploitation to potential economical and social impacts. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleFrancesca Gambino, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Alessandro Borghi, Anna D'atri, Luca Barale, Sergio Enrico Favero Longo, Marco Giardino, Luca Martire, Luigi Perotti, Fabrizio Piana. Geo-referenced database of Ornamental and Building Stones from Piemonte region: from Heritage Stone exploitation to potential economical and social impacts. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Gambino; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Borghi; Anna D'atri; Luca Barale; Sergio Enrico Favero Longo; Marco Giardino; Luca Martire; Luigi Perotti; Fabrizio Piana. 2020. "Geo-referenced database of Ornamental and Building Stones from Piemonte region: from Heritage Stone exploitation to potential economical and social impacts." , no. : 1.
Supply of resources, a growing population, and environmental pollution are some of the main challenges facing the contemporary world. The rapid development of mining activities has produced huge amounts of waste. This waste, found in abandoned mine sites, provides the potential opportunity of extracting raw material. The current study, therefore, focuses on testing the validation of a shared methodology to recover extractive waste from abandoned mines, and applies this methodology to a case study in Gorno, northwest Italy. The methods focused on: (1) analyzing the impact of tailings and fine fraction of waste rock (Lepidium Sativum) to assess usability of both as soil additive, and (2) recovering raw materials from tailings and coarse fraction (>2 mm) of waste rock, by means of dressing methods like wet shaking table and froth flotation. The results indicated that the fine fraction of waste rock and tailings did not have detrimental effects on seed germination; however, there was marked decrease in plant growth. As for the recovery of raw materials, the coarse waste rock samples, crushed to <0.5 mm, produced a recovery of Cd, Ga, and Zn—as much as 66%, 56%, and 64%, respectively—using the wet shaking table. The same samples when crushed to 0.063–0.16 mm and used for froth flotation produced a recovery of Cd, Ga, and Zn of up to 61%, 72%, and 47%, respectively. The flotation experiment on tailings showed a recovery of Cd, Ga and Zn at pH 7 of 33%, 6% and 29% respectively. The present investigation highlights the methodologies used for extracting raw materials from extractive waste.
Neha Mehta; Giovanna Dino; Iride Passarella; Franco Ajmone-Marsan; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Domenico De Luca. Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2471 .
AMA StyleNeha Mehta, Giovanna Dino, Iride Passarella, Franco Ajmone-Marsan, Piergiorgio Rossetti, Domenico De Luca. Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2471.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeha Mehta; Giovanna Dino; Iride Passarella; Franco Ajmone-Marsan; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Domenico De Luca. 2020. "Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2471.
The focus of the present research is on the exploitation of extractive waste to recover raw materials, considering the technological and economic factors, together with the environmental impacts, associated with extractive waste quarrying and dressing activities. The present study, based on a case history from Northern Italy (Montorfano and Baveno granite quarrying area), was intended to validate the presented interdisciplinary approach for evaluating economic and environmental impacts associated with extractive waste facility exploitation (from granite waste to products for the ceramic industry and by-products for the building industry). A shared methodology was applied to determine extractive waste characteristics (geochemistry, petrography, and mineralogy), waste volume (geophysical, topographic, and morphologic 3D characterization) and potential exploitable products and by-products. Meanwhile, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was applied to determine the environmental impacts associated with the extraction and processing phases.
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Cavallo; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Ernő Garamvölgyi; Renáta Sándor; Frederic Coulon. Towards Sustainable Mining: Exploiting Raw Materials from Extractive Waste Facilities. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2383 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Alessandro Cavallo, Piergiorgio Rossetti, Ernő Garamvölgyi, Renáta Sándor, Frederic Coulon. Towards Sustainable Mining: Exploiting Raw Materials from Extractive Waste Facilities. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2383.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Cavallo; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Ernő Garamvölgyi; Renáta Sándor; Frederic Coulon. 2020. "Towards Sustainable Mining: Exploiting Raw Materials from Extractive Waste Facilities." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2383.
The management of residual sludge from dimension stone processing activities (EWC 010,413) represents a large concern for stone industry. Such sludges are characterised by a fine size distribution, high heavy metal contents and, potentially, TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) contents. The objects of the present study are represented by gang-saw with abrasive shot (GSS), diamond frame-saw (DSS) and mixed (MS) sludges. The first one is high in Cr, Ni, Cu and TPH, the second presents high contents in Co, Cr and TPH, and the third represents a mix of the first two ones. Present legislation indicates that they can be disposed of in landfills or can be recovered (R5-R10) as filling material for environmental rehabilitation or as feeding materials for cement production. The sampled materials were obtained from the Verbano Cusio Ossola (VCO) and Luserna Stone quarry basins (Piedmont, Northern Italy). These materials were physically and chemically characterised, and magnetic separation was performed to rapidly evaluate the heavy metal contents in the sludge. Afterwards, three different experiments were carried out for environmental and civil applications. The first one, for substrate production, was carried out using GSS, DSS and MS from VCO area. The second one, for CLSM and plaster production, was performed on materials from VCO and Luserna stone quarry basins (CLSM using GSS from VCO and plaster using DSS from Luserna stone quarry basin). The results here reported are promising for the three applications.
L. Zichella; G.A. Dino; R. Bellopede; P. Marini; Elio Padoan; I. Passarella. Environmental impacts, management and potential recovery of residual sludge from the stone industry: The piedmont case. Resources Policy 2019, 65, 101562 .
AMA StyleL. Zichella, G.A. Dino, R. Bellopede, P. Marini, Elio Padoan, I. Passarella. Environmental impacts, management and potential recovery of residual sludge from the stone industry: The piedmont case. Resources Policy. 2019; 65 ():101562.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Zichella; G.A. Dino; R. Bellopede; P. Marini; Elio Padoan; I. Passarella. 2019. "Environmental impacts, management and potential recovery of residual sludge from the stone industry: The piedmont case." Resources Policy 65, no. : 101562.
Marbles from Alpine area have been widely employed to build and decorate masterpieces and buildings which often represent the cultural heritage of an area (statuary, historic buildings and sculptures). Candoglia marble, object of the present research, is one of the most famous and appreciated marbles from Alpine area; it has been quarried since Roman times in the Verbano-Cusio-Ossola (VCO; Piemonte – NW Italy) extractive area. Candoglia Marble outcrops are present as lenses within the high-grade paragneisses of the Ivrea Zone, a visible section of deep continental crust characterised by amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphism (Palaeozoic period). Candoglia calcitic marble (80–85% CaCO3 and the 15–20% other minerals) shows a characteristic pink to gray colour and a coarse-grained texture (>3 mm): frequent centimetre-thick dark-greenish silicate layers (mainly represented by diopside and tremolite) characterize the texture of the marble. It has been largely used in local rural constructions and historical buildings, but its most famous application has been (and still is) for the “Duomo di Milano” construction (fourteenth century). The Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano carried out the anthropogenic activities dealing with the Candoglia marble exploitation; it has to be highlighted that the company have managed the Marble exploitation during the last seven centuries and that the quarry itself is a tangible sign of the development of extraction and heritage in the VCO area. Candoglia marble can be recognized as a significant example of a “Global Heritage Stone Resource”: its exploitation from quarry to building (the Duomo di Milano) well represents the close correlation between stone and cultural heritage, between georesources and humankind development
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Borghi; Daniele Castelli; Francesco Canali; Elio Corbetta; Barry Cooper. The Candoglia Marble and the “Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano”: A Renowned Georesource to Be Potentially Designed as Global Heritage Stone. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4725 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Alessandro Borghi, Daniele Castelli, Francesco Canali, Elio Corbetta, Barry Cooper. The Candoglia Marble and the “Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano”: A Renowned Georesource to Be Potentially Designed as Global Heritage Stone. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (17):4725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Alessandro Borghi; Daniele Castelli; Francesco Canali; Elio Corbetta; Barry Cooper. 2019. "The Candoglia Marble and the “Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano”: A Renowned Georesource to Be Potentially Designed as Global Heritage Stone." Sustainability 11, no. 17: 4725.
The Verbano–Cusio–Ossola quarrying district (Piedmont, northern Italy) produces many different ornamental stones (granites, gneisses, marbles); two important categories are represented by Serizzo and Beola gneisses. The Serizzo, a group of foliated orthogneisses, is the most important and extensively exploited ornamental stone, largely used to produce columns since the end of fifteenth century and used for many parts of the Duomo di Milano. Beola is the name of a group of heterogeneous orthogneisses with mylonitic foliation and strong mineralogical lineation, easy to split into thin slabs with hammer and chisel, occurring in the middle Ossola Valley. The quarries of Beola are probably the oldest of the Ossola Valley (since the Roman period), and the Beola trade probably started at the end of the thirteenth century. In general, Beola and Serizzo gneisses have been used for ornamental purposes and for the construction of churches, palaces and monuments, widely documented in many towns and villages of the Ossola Valley and in northern Italy. This contribution reviews the history and distinctiveness of these materials, their importance in local and national culture, and their present international diffusion. Both stones are recommended as Global Heritage Stone Resources within a Global Heritage Stone Province.
Alessandro Cavallo; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Piero Primavori. Gneisses (Serizzo and Beola) of the Verbano–Cusio–Ossola District (Piedmont, northern Italy): possible candidates for designation as Global Heritage Stone Resources. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2019, 486, 269 -285.
AMA StyleAlessandro Cavallo, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Piero Primavori. Gneisses (Serizzo and Beola) of the Verbano–Cusio–Ossola District (Piedmont, northern Italy): possible candidates for designation as Global Heritage Stone Resources. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 2019; 486 (1):269-285.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandro Cavallo; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Piero Primavori. 2019. "Gneisses (Serizzo and Beola) of the Verbano–Cusio–Ossola District (Piedmont, northern Italy): possible candidates for designation as Global Heritage Stone Resources." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 486, no. 1: 269-285.
The Bargiolina quartzite from Monte Bracco (western Alps, northern Italy) represents one of the most important historical ornamental stones of the Piedmont region. Known and used since the prehistoric age as substituting material for chert, it was celebrated by Leonardo da Vinci, and exploited at least since the XIII century, peaking in the XX century. It was extensively used in the construction of basilicas and noble palaces by famous architects of Piedmontese Baroque, for internal and external stone cladding. There are four main commercial and chromatic varieties, and the main technical feature is the regular schistosity, to obtain very thin natural split slabs. The different varieties have a homogeneous mineralogical composition and microstructure: A fine and homeoblastic grain size, and a granular—lepidoblastic texture, with regularly spaced schistose domains. The main rock-forming minerals are quartz, phengite, small amounts of K-feldspar and traces of plagioclase and chlorite. The yield rate of quarries is about 20%, and the poor exploitation planning of the past led to only partly exploited quarry benches, with a very poor residual yield. The large amount of quartz-rich quarry waste and the presence of kaolin-rich gneisses suggests the potential for novel applications in the field of industrial minerals.
Alessandro Cavallo; Giovanna Antonella Dino. The Bargiolina, a Striking Historical Stone from Monte Bracco (Piedmont, NW Italy) and a Possible Source of Industrial Minerals. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4293 .
AMA StyleAlessandro Cavallo, Giovanna Antonella Dino. The Bargiolina, a Striking Historical Stone from Monte Bracco (Piedmont, NW Italy) and a Possible Source of Industrial Minerals. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (16):4293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandro Cavallo; Giovanna Antonella Dino. 2019. "The Bargiolina, a Striking Historical Stone from Monte Bracco (Piedmont, NW Italy) and a Possible Source of Industrial Minerals." Sustainability 11, no. 16: 4293.
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Luigi Perotti; Walter Alberto; Heikki Sarkka; Frederic Coulon; Stuart Wagland; Zoe Griffiths; Franco Rodeghiero. Landfill mining from extractive waste facilities: The importance of a correct site characterisation and evaluation of the potentialities. A case study from Italy. Resources Policy 2018, 59, 50 -61.
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Piergiorgio Rossetti, Luigi Perotti, Walter Alberto, Heikki Sarkka, Frederic Coulon, Stuart Wagland, Zoe Griffiths, Franco Rodeghiero. Landfill mining from extractive waste facilities: The importance of a correct site characterisation and evaluation of the potentialities. A case study from Italy. Resources Policy. 2018; 59 ():50-61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Luigi Perotti; Walter Alberto; Heikki Sarkka; Frederic Coulon; Stuart Wagland; Zoe Griffiths; Franco Rodeghiero. 2018. "Landfill mining from extractive waste facilities: The importance of a correct site characterisation and evaluation of the potentialities. A case study from Italy." Resources Policy 59, no. : 50-61.
Abandoned mine sites continue to present serious environmental hazards because the heavy metals associated with extractive waste are continuously released into the environment, where they threaten human life and the environment. Remediating and securing extractive waste are complex, lengthy and costly processes. Thus, in most European countries, a site is considered for intervention when it poses a risk to human health and the surrounding environment. As a consequence, risk analysis presents a viable decisional approach towards the management of extractive waste. To evaluate the effects posed by extractive waste to human health and groundwater, a risk analysis approach was used for an abandoned nickel extraction site in Campello Monti in North Italy. This site is located in the Southern Italian Alps. The area consists of large and voluminous mafic rocks intruded by mantle peridotite. The mining activities in this area have generated extractive waste. A risk analysis of the site was performed using Risk Based Corrective Action (RBCA) guidelines, considering the properties of extractive waste and water for the properties of environmental matrices. The results showed the presence of carcinogenic risk due to arsenic and risks to groundwater due to nickel. The results of the risk analysis form a basic understanding of the current situation at the site, which is affected by extractive waste.
Neha Mehta; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Franco Ajmone-Marsan; Manuela Lasagna; Chiara Romè; Domenico Antonio De Luca. Extractive waste management: A risk analysis approach. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 622-623, 900 -912.
AMA StyleNeha Mehta, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Franco Ajmone-Marsan, Manuela Lasagna, Chiara Romè, Domenico Antonio De Luca. Extractive waste management: A risk analysis approach. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 622-623 ():900-912.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeha Mehta; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Franco Ajmone-Marsan; Manuela Lasagna; Chiara Romè; Domenico Antonio De Luca. 2018. "Extractive waste management: A risk analysis approach." Science of The Total Environment 622-623, no. : 900-912.
The Traversella mining area, nearly 60 km North of Torino, was, together with Brosso, a very important mining district for iron exploitation. The Traversella ore deposit was exploited from late Medieval Age up to the middle XX century. It is a typical skarn deposit at the contact between a dioritic body and preexisting metamorphic host rocks, which represents the only exploited skarn-type mineralization in the Alps. The iron ore mineral, exploited from different orebodies, was primarily magnetite. After the beginning of XX century, the extraction involved also pyrite and chalcopyrite, used mainly for the production of sulfuric acid. The mine, after some interruptions and re-openings, was officially closed in 1971, due to the high exploitation costs and the competition of the foreign iron ore deposits. The present research aims to emphasize the extraordinary importance of this mining site both from a scientific and a historical point of view, by also examining the exploitation and ore processing methods and the amount of production during the last three centuries, and highlighting how these activities contributed to the industrial development of the surrounding area and of the whole Piemonte Region. It aims also at illustrating the sociological and environmental impact of mining activities at regional level, highlighting the importance of the site from a geotouristic point of view, through the cultural exploitation of the mining site remains, the development and upgrade of the already existing mining museum, and the organization of geotouristic itineraries.
Emanuele Costa; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Piera Benna; Piergiorgio Rossetti. The Traversella Mining Site as Piemonte Geosite. Geoheritage 2017, 11, 55 -70.
AMA StyleEmanuele Costa, Giovanna Antonella Dino, Piera Benna, Piergiorgio Rossetti. The Traversella Mining Site as Piemonte Geosite. Geoheritage. 2017; 11 (1):55-70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmanuele Costa; Giovanna Antonella Dino; Piera Benna; Piergiorgio Rossetti. 2017. "The Traversella Mining Site as Piemonte Geosite." Geoheritage 11, no. 1: 55-70.
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Svein Willy Danielsen; Claudia Chiappino; Christian J. Engelsen. Recycling of rock materials as part of sustainable aggregate production in Norway and Italy. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 2017, 50, 412 -416.
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Svein Willy Danielsen, Claudia Chiappino, Christian J. Engelsen. Recycling of rock materials as part of sustainable aggregate production in Norway and Italy. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology. 2017; 50 (4):412-416.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Svein Willy Danielsen; Claudia Chiappino; Christian J. Engelsen. 2017. "Recycling of rock materials as part of sustainable aggregate production in Norway and Italy." Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 50, no. 4: 412-416.
Giovanna Antonella Dino; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Giulio Biglia; Maria Luisa Sapino; Francesco Di Mauro; Heikki Sarkka; Frederic Coulon; Diogo Gomes; Lucia Parejo-Bravo; Pilar Zapata Aranda; Antonia Lorenzo Lopez; Jorge Lopez; Erno Garamvolgyi; Sandra Stojanovic; Antonietta Pizza; Marco De La Feld. SMART GROUND PROJECT: A NEW APPROACH TO DATA ACCESSIBILITY AND COLLECTION FOR RAW MATERIALS AND SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS IN EUROPE. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2017, 16, 1673 -1684.
AMA StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino, Piergiorgio Rossetti, Giulio Biglia, Maria Luisa Sapino, Francesco Di Mauro, Heikki Sarkka, Frederic Coulon, Diogo Gomes, Lucia Parejo-Bravo, Pilar Zapata Aranda, Antonia Lorenzo Lopez, Jorge Lopez, Erno Garamvolgyi, Sandra Stojanovic, Antonietta Pizza, Marco De La Feld. SMART GROUND PROJECT: A NEW APPROACH TO DATA ACCESSIBILITY AND COLLECTION FOR RAW MATERIALS AND SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS IN EUROPE. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2017; 16 (8):1673-1684.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Antonella Dino; Piergiorgio Rossetti; Giulio Biglia; Maria Luisa Sapino; Francesco Di Mauro; Heikki Sarkka; Frederic Coulon; Diogo Gomes; Lucia Parejo-Bravo; Pilar Zapata Aranda; Antonia Lorenzo Lopez; Jorge Lopez; Erno Garamvolgyi; Sandra Stojanovic; Antonietta Pizza; Marco De La Feld. 2017. "SMART GROUND PROJECT: A NEW APPROACH TO DATA ACCESSIBILITY AND COLLECTION FOR RAW MATERIALS AND SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS IN EUROPE." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 16, no. 8: 1673-1684.